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- PublicaciónLa despótica confortabilidad del consumidor: la identidad de cliente en el mercado personalizado(2022) AEDO, ANDRESLas interacciones entre consumidores y oferentes han dejado de ser intercambios libres y voluntarios basados en la mutua conveniencia, pues en las transacciones de mercado han emergido prácticas despóticas y violentas por parte de los clientes hacia los trabajadores. Esta forma patológica de ejercicio del consumo es resultado del condicionamiento de la nueva sociedad de mercado marcada por la personalización de productos y servicios, posibilitando la emergencia de una nueva forma de identidad de consumidor que tiene como rasgo característico la confortabilidad de los clientes. Esta condición de personalización/confortabilidad hace que se estructure una relación de autoridad situacional entre oferta y demanda, y posibilita los tratos despóticos cuando los deseos de los clientes son perturbados.
- PublicaciónLa ética de la confortabilidad personal: una nueva identidad económica(2022) ; AEDO, ANDRES; Vargas, FranciscaEste artículo sostiene como hipótesis que una de las formas de comprender los comportamientos agresivos de los clientes hacia los trabajadores en el mercado contemporáneo puede sustentarse en la emergencia del derecho a la confortabilidad personal como característica de un nuevo espíritu del consumidor. Este derecho a la confortabilidad personal, derivado de una situación de autoridad y subordinación entre clientes y trabajadores, dada la personalización de los mercados contemporáneos, fue paradójicamente desplegado por las mismas empresas en sus procesos de atención a los clientes, tal como se aprecia en los manuales de atención al cliente analizados en este trabajo.
- PublicaciónThe influence of the Kemmerer’s Mission in the Constitution of 1925(2022) Soto Velasco, Sebastián; Couyoumdjian, Juan PabloThe Kemmerer Mission, which visited Chile between July and October 1925, was hired in order to implement a series of monetary and financial reforms intended to achieve monetary stability in the country. As part of this work, it was also consulted regarding some articles of the Constitution that was being drafted during this period. The participation of the Kemmerer mission in the discussion regarding the budgetary and fiscal norms of what would be the Constitution of 1925 is a matter that has not been sufficiently studied either by the constitutional or economic history in Chile. Some of the proposals of the Mission, such as the debates on the presidential initiative, came to ratify issues already agreed upon. Others, such as the reduction of the discussion period for the budget and the requirement to approve funded bills, were widely welcomed. And there are other matters where Kemmerer’s proposals were rejected. Based on this, we conclude that its influence on these matters was limited. But although the stricture in budgetary matters proposed by the Kemmerer Mission was considered excessive in the country, even in an admittedly presidential convention, this marks the beginning of a trend that laid the foundations for the concentration of financial power in the Executive.
- PublicaciónCOVID-19 aftermath: exploring the mental health emergency among students at a Northern Italian University(2022) Patrono, Alessandra; Renzetti, Stefano; Manco, Angela; Brunelli, Paola; Moncada, Stefanny M.; Macgowan, Mark J.; Placidi, Donatella; Calza, Stefano; Cagna, Giuseppa; Rota, Matteo; Memo, Maurizio; Tira, Maurizio; Lucchini, Roberto G.In this study, we investigated the symptoms of physical and mental health associated with lifestyle changes due to a lockdown among the students of a university in Northern Italy, one of the most affected areas in Europe during the first wave of COVID-19. We examined the psychopathological variations in relation to mental health problems in a young population. The goal was to develop interventions to resolve these new psychosocial problems. From June to July 2020, students participated in an anonymous survey asking about habits and symptoms that emerged during the lockdown and the COVID-19 pandemic. Five health outcomes were assessed: digestive disorders; headaches; fear of COVID-19; panic and anxiety crises; and depression/sadness. The conditions and duration of the social isolation, lifestyle, SARS-CoV-2 infection in the household, financial situation, and productivity were considered in the analysis. A total of 3533 students completed the survey. The participants experienced headaches, depression and sadness, digestive disorders, a fear of COVID-19, and anxiety/panic crises. The duration of isolation was associated with an increased risk of digestive disorders, headaches, and COVID-19 fear. The female gender, medium-intense telephone usage, sleep quality, memory difficulties, and performance reduction were associated with an increased risk of the health outcomes. Future interventions should focus on promoting and implementing different habits with the support of health and university organizations.
- PublicaciónMultimodal imitative learning and synchrony in cetaceans: A model for speech and singing evolution(2023) Zamorano-Abramson, José; Michon, Maëva; Hernández-Lloreda; Aboitiz, FranciscoMultimodal imitation of actions, gestures and vocal production is a hallmark of the evolution of human communication, as both, vocal learning and visual-gestural imitation, were crucial factors that facilitated the evolution of speech and singing. Comparative evidence has revealed that humans are an odd case in this respect, as the case for multimodal imitation is barely documented in non-human animals. While there is evidence of vocal learning in birds and in mammals like bats, elephants and marine mammals, evidence in both domains, vocal and gestural, exists for two Psittacine birds (budgerigars and grey parrots) and cetaceans only. Moreover, it draws attention to the apparent absence of vocal imitation (with just a few cases reported for vocal fold control in an orangutan and a gorilla and a prolonged development of vocal plasticity in marmosets) and even for imitation of intransitive actions (not object related) in monkeys and apes in the wild. Even after training, the evidence for productive or “true imitation” (copy of a novel behavior, i.e., not pre-existent in the observer’s behavioral repertoire) in both domains is scarce. Here we review the evidence of multimodal imitation in cetaceans, one of the few living mammalian species that have been reported to display multimodal imitative learning besides humans, and their role in sociality, communication and group cultures. We propose that cetacean multimodal imitation was acquired in parallel with the evolution and development of behavioral synchrony and multimodal organization of sensorimotor information, supporting volitional motor control of their vocal system and audio-echoic-visual voices, body posture and movement integration