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Browsing by Author "Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana"

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Body composition changes and 10-year mortality risk in older brazilian adults: Analysis of prospective data from the sabe study
(2019) De Almeida Roediger, M.; Nunes Marucci, M. de Fátima; Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana; De Oliveira, C.; Ferreira Santos, J. Licio; De Oliveira Duarte, A.
mortality risk. Objective: To examine the associations between 10-year mortality risk with both BMI and body composition, as well as to establish whether these relationships are modified by age and gender, using data from community-dwelling older Brazilian adults. Methods: We used data from two waves i.e., 2000 and 2010 of the SABE (Health, Well-being, and Aging) study conducted in São Paulo, Brazil, involving a probabilistic sample of community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years and older. The variables of the study were: mortality (in 10-year follow-up period), body mass index (BMI), body composition (waist circumference, waist hip ratio, triceps skinfold thickness, mid-upper arm circumference, calf circumference, and arm muscle area) and covariables (sociodemographic characteristics, life style, self-reported health conditions, number of chronic diseases, Mini mental state exam, and Geriatric depression scale). Poisson regression estimates with STATA statistical software were used for statistical analyses, considering all p-values < 0.05. Results: Over the 10-year follow-up period, there were 769 deaths (40.2%). The mortality rate was 61.0 for men and 111.8 for the ≥80 age group. In the fully adjusted model, statistically significant hazard ratios were found for low muscle mass (IRR: 1.33), underweight (IRR: 1.29), and low fat mass (IRR: 1.31) with mortality. Men in extreme BMI categories (underweight - IRR: 1.47; obesity I - IRR: 1.66; and obesity II - IRR: 1.91) and women with low muscle and low fat mass were significantly associated with mortality risk. In the ≥80 age group it was observed that low muscle mass (IRR: 168.7), inadequate body reserves (IRR: 1.63), low fat mass (IRR: 140.7), and underweight (IRR: 142.9) were associated with mortality risk. Waist circumference demonstrated protection for mortality in the high-risk categorization for the ≥80 age group. Conclusion: Our results showed that underweight, low fat mass, and low muscle mass were associated with mortality risk, presenting different roles considering gender and age in older Brazilian adults over a 10-year follow-up period
Cambios de la composición corporal en pacientes sometidos a cirugía bariátrica: bypass gástrico y gastrectomía en manga
(2019) Palacio, Ana; Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana; Lira, Isidora; Navarro, Paula; Orellana, Valentina; Reyes, Alejandra; Henriquez, Daniela
Introduction: among the surgical techniques that promote greater weight loss are Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). These procedures generate changes in muscle mass (MM) and fat mass (FM). Objective: the aim of this study was to determine changes in body composition in patients undergoing RYGB and SG in a period of one-year after surgery. Methods: a cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted in three clinical centers of bariatric surgery in the Metropolitan Region, Chile. Information on MM and FM was obtained through bioimpedance analysis of 96 women and 32 men, operated between 2013 and 2017. Results: RYGB operated subjects presented higher MM content preoperatively and at the end of the first year compared to SG. In the first six months, the loss for MM, FM and % total fat (%FM) was similar in both techniques. Men with RYGB present greater loss of MM and FM in the first trimester post-surgery than those who submitted to SG (p = 0.0453). Subjects submitted to RYGB presented higher weight and body mass index (BMI) in the preoperative (p = 0.0109); the BMI at the end was similar in both surgical techniques (p = 0.6936). The lost kilos of MM were greater in the subjects submitted to RYGB (p = 0.0042), however, the % loss of MM exceeds the recommended (up to 22%) in both techniques. Conclusion: the nutritional approach is necessary to increase protein intake pre- and post-surgery as well as physical activity in order to preserve this compartment.
Characterization of the Educational Innovation Process: Teaching Concerns and Results in the Teaching and Learning Process in a Chilean University Over 5 Years
(2021) Ruiz Garrido, Alejandra; Vélez Rivera, Rocío; Leal Orellana, Priscila; Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana
This study arises from the need to identify the concerns of teachers for their pedagogical practice, characterizing this process. 91 articles of educational innovation projects were analyzed, between 2014 and 2018, in which 371 teachers and 9,509 students participated. A matrix was developed with identification data and variables based on the concerns focused on students and teachers, their results and the type of innovation used. The variables were associated using descriptive and bivariate statistics (chisquare and fisher’s exact test) using Stata 14.1 software. Among the main results, the concerns towards the students stand out, most frequently of the variable “application of the theory”. On the other hand, the main concerns focused on teachers were “curricular planning” and the “use of methodologies”. “Peer-to-peer learning with the use of keyboards” and “Flipped Classroom_Learning” were the most frequently implemented innovations, showing interest in active methodologies. The results obtained allow us to reflect on innovation in higher education and decide on empirical data from the experience of teachers.
Comparación del contenido proteico reportado en el etiquetado nutricional con nivel de proteína calcula en productos cárnicos procesados
(Universidad del Desarrollo. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, 2017) Fuentes Donoso, Javier Tomás; Vega Salgado, Natalia; Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana
Introducción: El etiquetado nutricional es una herramienta que ayuda a las personas a tomar decisiones al momento de la compra y/o consumo de un alimento, por ello, la información del etiquetado debe ser verídica. Objetivo: Comparar la información nutricional del contenido proteico reportado en el etiquetado con el contenido real calculado, de distintos productos cárnicos chilenos. Materiales y método: Se seleccionaron 3 marcas (2 lotes) de 6 productos de consumo masivo (paté de ternera, salchicha de cerdo, hamburguesa de vacuno, jamón de pollo, pavo y cerdo). El contenido proteico real de cada muestra fue determinado a través del método Kjeldahl. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la prueba de Wilcoxon al 5%, mediante el software Stata 15. Resultados: El 91,7% de los productos se encontró bajo la normativa del Reglamento Sanitario de los Alimentos de Chile (RSA). Los productos fuera de norma fueron el paté de ternera y jamón de pavo. Sólo 7 marcas de las 12 evaluadas no presentaron diferencias significativas entre el valor real y el reportado, a pesar de estar dentro de las normas del RSA. El paté de ternera destacó como producto discrepante, presentando valores reales por sobre los reportados: 11,3 vs 10,65, respectivamente (p valor=0,001). Conclusión: El etiquetado nutricional de los productos analizados, son en general, confiables en cuanto al contenido proteico, y puede considerarse válido al momento de la compra. Sin embargo, se observaron irregularidades con diferencias significativas para el caso del paté de ternera y jamón de pavo que hacen relevante cuestionarse la información de los demás nutrientes del etiquetado de estos productos.
Consumo de alimentos etiquetados en escolares de distintos niveles socioeconómicos post implementación de la ley 20.606
(Universidad del Desarrollo. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, 2017) Cabrera García, Camila Andrea.; López Molina, Catalina Alejandra; Gheza Schimunek, Gianninna; Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana
En Chile los índices de malnutrición por exceso han ido en aumento los últimos años, viéndose un importante porcentaje de sobrepeso y obesidad en la población infantil, junto con esto se ha observado un aumento de hiperinsulinemia, dislipidemia, diabetes e hipertensión a edades tempranas. Esto de la mano con un aumento en la ingesta de alimentos ultraprocesados y un bajo consumo de frutas y verduras. Por lo cual se han desarrollado diversas políticas públicas para promover un estilo de vida saludable, dentro de estas, la ley 20.606. Esta ley se implementó en junio del 2016 y busca disminuir el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados mediante 3 aspectos: la prohibición de venta de alimentos etiquetados en establecimientos escolares, la publicidad y propaganda de estos alimentos dirigida a menores de 14 y un etiquetado frontal que advierte sobre el alto contenido de calorías, azúcar, grasas saturadas y sodio. Se espera que esta nueva medida logre contribuir positivamente a la disminución de los índices de sobrepeso y obesidad presentes en la población escolar. Al ser una ley implementada recientemente, hay pocos estudios realizados respecto a su impacto en la población, es por esto que se decidió realizar un estudio analítico, el cual tiene como principal objetivo analizar el consumo de alimentos etiquetados con sellos negros en niños de 3° y 7° básico de diferentes niveles socioeconómicos de Santiago de Chile. Además, analizar la influencia de los escolares sobre la compra de los padres y la compra de alimentos con sellos para el consumo de estos. Los hallazgos de este estudio podrán contribuir a realizar un mejor análisis de la ley y contribuir a la evidencia respecto al tema, para otros países que quieran desarrollar políticas similares, ya que los altos índices de obesidad en la población son tendencia a nivel mundial.
Dietary Patterns of Breakfast Consumption Among Chilean University Students
(2019) Díaz-Torrente, Ximena; Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana
Breakfast is one of the most important meals of the day. A good quality breakfast must include dairy products, cereals, and fruits. The aim of this study is to determine breakfast dietary patterns and their nutritional quality among Chilean university students. A cross-sectional nonprobabilistic study was conducted in 200 university students between 18 and 27 years in Santiago, Chile. To identify dietary patterns and breakfast quality, a breakfast food survey was conducted. Patterns were identified by factor analysis. Most of the subjects (53%) ate breakfast daily, with a higher prevalence among females (60.2% vs. 43.7%, p < 0.05); 68% did not consume fruits and 17.5% had good breakfast quality, with no differences by sex. Four breakfast dietary patterns were identified: “dairy & cereals”, “healthy”, “traditional salty” and “traditional sweet” that together explained 35.6% of the total variance. There was no sex difference in predominant dietary patterns. The “dairy & cereals” and “traditional sweet” patterns were associated with regularly eating breakfast (β: −0.47, p = 0.001; β: −0.32, p = 0.020) and the “healthy” pattern with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (β: 0.35, p = 0.024). In conclusion, breakfast quality was inadequate due to low fruit consumption and energy intake. The four identified patterns included cereals, bread, dairy, fats and sugars. Results may be usual in the planning of future interventions aimed at improving breakfast consumption and quality in university students.
Food Availability in Different Food Environments Surrounding Schools in a Vulnerable Urban Area of Santiago, Chile: Exploring Socioeconomic Determinants
(2022) Pinheiro Fernandes, Anna; Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana; Araneda Flores, Jacqueline; Álvarez, Claudio; Suárez-Reyes, Mónica; Palacios, José Luis; Pizarro Quevedo, Tito; Marques de Oliveira, Maria Rita
The analysis of the food environment is used to identify areas with gaps in the availability of healthy foods and can be used as a public policy assessment tool. In recent decades, Chile has implemented several strategies and regulations to improve food environments, with encouraging results. Little is known about the scope of these measures in socially vulnerable environments. This study is part of a project that seeks to build an integrated intervention model for healthy school environments in a vulnerable area of Santiago, Chile. The objective of this study was to evaluate the availability of healthy and unhealthy foods around schools and the relationship between it and socioeconomic determinants of the school community in the Chilean context. A cross-sectional study to measure the food environment of informal markets (street food), formal markets (stores), and institutions (schools) was conducted in and around 12 schools (100 m surrounding schools) in a vulnerable urban area of Santiago, Chile. A lack of healthy foods was observed, which was related to some socio-economic determinants and the multidimensional poverty was the most relevant. The diagnosis of food environments around schools can represent an important target for governments to implement policies focused at improving the availability of healthy foods.
Gluten-free Foods and Their Contribution to Total Diet in Patients with Celiac Disease
(2021) Norambuena, Agustina; Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana; Araya, Magdalena
Background. Gluten-free diet continues being the most effective treatment of celiac disease but current evidence on its nutritional characteristics and metabolic effects rises concerns. Objectives. To assess the total diet of adult celiac patients and the contribution of gluten-free foods to it, in Chilean celiac patients. Methodology. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were registered and a food frequency questionnaire including detailed data about gluten-free foods was applied to 71 celiac patients older than 12 years of age receiving medical care at INTA, University of Chile, in Santiago. Total food intake, dietary adequacy and diet nutritional quality was calculated using descriptive statistics. Principal Findings. Of 71 patients, 81.6% were female, 93% were 19-65 years of age and 65% were on GFD for 2 years or more. Nutritional status classified in underweight and overweight/obesity in 2.9% and 35.7%, respectively. 2.8% patients declared to consume willingly gluten containing bread. The whole diet was normocaloric, normoproteic, hyperlipidic and hypoglucidic (FAO/WHO); when calculations were based for individuals’ requirements, 65% of cases consumed excess calories, proteins, and carbohydrates. Gluten-free foods contributed to 17.7%, 11.6%, 11.5% and 23.9% of the total daily intake of calories, protein, lipids, and carbohydrates, respectively. GFF were characterized by having a low protein content. Conclusions. Although the whole diet appeared close to WHO/FAO recommendations when calculated as average for the study group, 65% of participants consumed excess calories, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates when calculations were made on individual basis. There was neither moderate-severe undernutrition nor overweight/obesity in the group studied. It is interesting that both the total diet quality and the nutritional status of the celiac patients assessed were better than those described in the general local population.
Higher Abdominal Adiposity Is Associated With Lower Muscle Strength in Chilean Adults
(2022) Palacio, Ana Cristina; Díaz, Ximena; Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana
Handgrip strength (HGS) is a well-established indicator of muscle strength and a reasonable clinical predictor of metabolic health and diseases. This study explores the association between relative muscular strength and abdominal obesity (AO) in healthy Chilean adults. A convenience sample was recruited (n = 976) between 2018 and 2020. The HGS was determined by dynamometry. The anthropometry (weight, height, waist, and mid-arm circumference) and physical activity were also measured. The relative HGS (RHGS) was calculated by dividing the maximum HGS of the dominant hand by the body mass index. The AO was defined as a waist circumference (WC) >88 cm for women, and >102 cm for men. From the sample, 52.6% were women, 56.4% had excessive weight, and 42.7% had AO. The absolute and RHGS were greater in men compared to women (p < 0.001) and were decreased with age in both sexes. We observed a moderate negative correlation between WC and RHGS (rho = −0.54, and rho = −0.53, for men and women, respectively). The RHGS was lower in individuals with AO, independent of age and sex (p < 0.05). For each cm increase in WC, the odds of low RHGS (<25th percentile) increased by 12 and 9% for men and women, respectively. The AO is related tohigher odds for low RHGS (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.23–2.41). In our sample of healthy adults,a higher AO was associated with a lower muscle strength measured by dynamometry.
Impacto de los mensajes frontales de advertencia en el patrón de compra de alimentos en Chile
(2021) Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana; Gomes Ramires, Tatiana; Araneda Flores, Jacqueline; Pinheiro Fernandes, Anna
.Objetivo: analizar el impacto de los mensajes frontales de advertencia (MFA) en los patrones de compra de alimentos de familias chilenas con menores de 14 años después de la ley que regula el etiquetado nutricional en Chile. Métodos: estudio transversal que entrevistó a 468 apoderados de 11 establecimientos educacionales de Santiago. La encuesta pesquisó la percepción de los apoderados con respecto a los MFA, los patrones de compra y la influencia de los hijos en la compra de los alimentos adquiridos por la familia. Resultados: la madre es principalmente la responsable de las compras de alimentos del hogar (62.0 %). Los apoderados con escolaridad más alta presentaron mayor conocimiento de la regulación ((p < 0,05). El 66,3 % no consideraban la información presente en el rótulo antes de la ley. El MFA considerado más importante fue “Alto en azúcares” (18,0 %). El 49,5 % dejaron de comprar algún alimento debido a la presencia de MFA. El 75,0 % de los apoderados indicó que sus hijos los acompañan en el momento de la compra. Se observó una menor probabilidad de cambio en el patrón de compra de alimentos en las familias que no consideraban importante los MFA (OR: 5,85; p < 0,001), que no entendían los MFA (OR: 2,99; p = 0,020), que no tenían el hábito de leer el etiquetado antes de la ley (OR: 2,63; p < 0,001) y en las que el niño solicitaba algún alimento en el momento de la compra (OR: 2,91; p = 0,009). Conclusión: los factores asociados a la compra de alimentos con MFA fueron: no considerarlos importante, no entenderlos, no tener el hábito de leer el etiquetado y la solicitud de alimentos por los hijos en el momento de la compra.
Infant Feeding and Information Sources in Chilean Families Who Reported Baby-Led Weaning as a Complementary Feeding Method
(2021) Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana; Lehmann, Nicole; Castillo, Bárbara; Blanco, Estela
Abstract: Baby-Led Weaning (BLW) is a new and emerging method of introducing complementary feeding in solid consistency, without the use of a spoon and entirely guided by the baby. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the BLW approach in relation to compliance with basic components and sources of information in Chilean families. Using a cross-sectional design, we assessed early nutrition, including breastfeeding and foods offered, maternal/child characteristics and sources of information on BLW among a non-probabilistic sample of mothers of children <24 months who reported practicing BLW (n = 261, median age = 28 years) in Chile. We found that 57.5% of mothers reported their child ate the same food as the family, 44.1% shared ≥3 meals with the family, 84.7% offered ≥3 foods at each meal and 75.6% reported only occasionally offering food with a spoon. The majority reported obtaining information on BLW from social media (82%). Moreover, 56% had offered cookies, 32% added salt and 9% sugar in the first 2 years. Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months related to higher odds of consuming family foods (OR = 2.45, 95% CI 1.24–4.84), while having received information from professional sources and social media related to lower odds (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.22–0.88 and OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.15–0.66, respectively). Those who had appropriate weight gain had lower odds of consuming ≥3 foods in meals (OR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.13–0.96). Among mothers who reported practicing BLW with their children, we observed a wide variety of feeding habits, sources of information and low compliance with the studied components. Eating the same food as the family was the most prevalent component and social media was the main source of information on BLW.
Ingesta calórica y de macronutrientes en los primeros seis meses post cirugía bariátrica
(2021) Palacio, Ana Cristina; Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana; Vargas, Paula; Cosentino, Marcela; Ríos, María José
Background: Bariatric surgery (BS) is the most effective procedure in the management of obesity, achieving a significant decrease in energy intake. Aim: To measure calorie and macronutrient intake in patients subjected to gastric bypass (GBP) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG). Material and Methods: We studied 53 patients subjected to SG and 27 subjected to GBP, who were in the first, second or sixth postoperative month. A food frequency consumption survey was applied by specialized nutritionists and their nutritional status was assessed. Results: Mean calorie intake in months 1, 2 and 6 were 505, 600 and 829.8 kcal, respectively. A significantly higher intake was observed at month 1 in patients with those subjected to SG, compared with GBP patients. Protein consumption was <60 g/d, except at 6 months in patients with GBP. At months 1, 2 and 6, mean consumption of lipids were 17, 28 and 30 g/day, respectively. The figures for carbohydrates were 42, 31 and 77 g/day, respectively. At month 1, patients with GBP had a higher BMI, equalizing at 6 months with those of SG. At 6 months 37% of patients had a normal body mass index and 17% remained obese. A negative correlation was observed between weight loss and energy intake during the first month (rho: -0.40; p = 0.033). Conclusions: Patients subjected to BS had a low calorie and macronutrient intake in the first six postoperative months. Their calorie intake is negatively associated with weight loss, mainly during the first postoperative month.
Lifestyle Habits and Health Indicators in Migrants and Native Schoolchildren in Chile
(2021) Suárez-Reyes, Mónica; Pinheiro Fernandes, Anna; Cofré-Bolados, Cristian; Pizarro, Tito; Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana
In Chile, the migrant population has increased in the last years. Migrants adopt behaviors of this new culture, which can have an effect on their health. Contradictory results regarding differences between migrant and native children have been reported. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between nationality with health indicator and lifestyle habits among schoolchildren in Chile. A cross-sectional and observational study with a non-probabilistic sample was conducted in 1033 children (86.4% Chilean and 13.6% migrant) from second to fourth grade of seven public schools from low-income municipalities from the Metropolitan Region, Chile. Anthropometric measurements (weight, height, waist circumference, triceps and subscapular folds), handgrip strength, and standing long jump measurements, physical activity, self-esteem and food guidelines accomplishments were determined. Migrant children presented lower body mass index (BMI), Z-BMI, body fat% and waist circumference values; and higher handgrip strength, standing long jump, and more satisfactory compliance with food guidelines than natives (p < 0.05). No significant difference for physical activity and self-esteem was observed. In the adjusted models, migrants presented lower odds for overweight/obesity, risk of abdominal obesity, low handgrip strength and unsatisfactory food guidelines accomplishment in all models (p < 0.05). The nutritional and muscular fitness of migrant children was better than that of the Chilean ones.
Manual de evaluación nutricional :
(Universidad del Desarrollo. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Nutrición, 2018) Pinheiro Fernandes, Anna; Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana; Masferrer Riquelme, Dominique Andrea
Muscular Strength of Upper and Lower Limbs and Self-Esteem in Chilean SchoolChildren: Independent Associations with Body Composition Indicators
(2021) Cofre Bolados, Cristian; Ferrari, Gerson; Suárez-Reyes, Mónica; Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana; Diaz-Peña, Helen; Pizarro, Tito
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between muscular strength from upper and lower limbs with self-esteem among Chilean schoolchildren, drawing independent associations with body composition indicators. The sample consisted of 1078 schoolchildren. The muscular strength of the upper and lower limbs was evaluated using a digital dynamometer and long jump performance. The general strength index was calculated based on Z-score values. Rosenberg’s test was used to determine the level of self-esteem of participants. Body fat and body mass index were employed as body composition indicators. Boys had significantly more upper and lower strength, and a general strength index higher than girls (11.7 vs. 10.6; 109.7 vs. 97.4; 0.19 vs. −0.24, respectively). For boys and girls combined, there were no significant associations between all muscular strength variables and self-esteem. In boys, upper and lower limb strength was positively associated with self-esteem. In girls, no association between muscular strength and self-esteem was found. In both sexes, the general strength index was not associated with self-esteem. Strategies and programs that promote mental health and muscular strength among schoolchildren, specifically in boys, are needed
Nutrient declaration after the food labeling and advertising law in Chile: A Longitudinal Approach
(Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo,, 2020) Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana; Pinheiro Fernandes, Anna; Rodríguez, Lorena; Pizarro, Tito
Chile has implemented several strategies to decrease the burden of obesity and chronic diseases. The Food Labeling and Advertising Law (Law 20.606) requires a front-of-package "high in" warning label when energy and nutrients of concern (ENC) (total sugar, saturated fats, sodium) exceed established limits. This study aims to evaluate the impact of Law 20.606 on the ENC declaration of packaged foods in Chile, before and after the law implementation. We analyzed food nutritional labeling declarations from 70% of the most consumed packaged foods in Chile. Data collection was conducted in 2013 and 2019 in Santiago. Pictures from all sides of the package were taken from 476 products, classified into 16 food groups. All food groups had changes in the ENC declaration during the study period. Total sugar content showed the highest reduction (-15.0%; p = 0.001). Dairy, confitures and similar and sugary beverages had the greatest reduction in energy and total sugar content (p < 0.01). Energy, total sugar and sodium front of package "high in" simulation was significantly reduced in dairy, sugary beverages, flour-based foods, confitures and similar, fish and seafoods, fats and oils, spices, condiments and sauces and sugars (p < 0.05). We observed that companies reformulated products to adapt to the new regulation.
Publicidad de productos alimentarios destinados a niños en diferentes medios de comunicación post implementan de la ley 20.606
(Universidad del Desarrollo. Facultad de Medicina. Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, 2017) Caresio, Fiorella.; Clarke, Nicole; Loyola, Maria Alejandra; Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana; Gomes Ramírez, Tatiana
La entrada en vigencia de la ley 20.606 fue el 27 de junio del 2016, nueva regulación que se creó a partir de las elevadas cifras de obesidad infantil que presenta nuestro país actualmente. Esta se basa en tres pilares fundamentales, dentro de los cuales uno es referente a la prohibición de publicidad de alimentos con elevada concentración de nutrientes críticos dirigida a la población infantil. A partir de esto, se creó el objetivo de investigar acerca de la existencia del incumplimiento de esta ley referida a la publicidad de alimentos etiquetados con sello negro por parte de las empresas, con el objetivo de verificar si ley asegura la protección ante la publicidad alimentaria en los niños chilenos menores de 14 años, ya que por el poco tiempo que lleva en vigencia, aún no existen suficientes estudios científicos que demuestren el real impacto de esta nueva regulación en Chile.
Relative handgrip strength, nutritional status and abdominal obesity in Chilean adolescents
(2020-06) Palacio, Ana Cristina; Díaz-Torrente, Ximena; Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana;
Handgrip strength (HGS) is a well-established indicator of muscle strength and can help to identify risk of sarcopenic obesity in children. This study explores the relationship between adiposity and muscular strength in healthy Chilean adolescents. Adolescents (n = 491) aged 10–17 were selected from five schools in Santiago, Chile. HGS was determined by dynamometry. Anthropometry (weight, height, waist and mid arm circumference), physical activity and socioeconomic status were also measured. Relative HGS (RHGS) was calculated by dividing maximum HGS of the dominant hand by body-mass index (BMI) and low RHGS was categorized as <25th percentile by sex. Logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between two markers of adiposity (abdominal obesity category by waist circumference and nutritional status measured by BMI category) and low RHGS, adjusting for possible confounding variables. Participants were on average 13.6y (2.4), 32.8% were overweight or obese and 37.5% were at risk of or had abdominal obesity. RHGS was 1.25 kg/kg/m2 overall, with a significant difference by sex (1.51 for boys versus 1.14 for girls). In adjusted analyses, boys and girls with risk of abdominal obesity, had 3.3 (1.6–6.6) and 4.1 (1.8–9.3) increased odds of low RHGS, respectively, compared to boys and girls with normal waist circumference. Those with abdominal obesity compared to normal WC, had 8.5 (3.4–21.4) and 6.5 (2.0–21.3) increased odds of low RHGS for boys and girls, respectively. We observed similar associations for BMI category. In our sample of healthy adolescents, higher adiposity related to greater odds of low muscle strength measured by dynamometry. Considering the demographic shift from a young to an aging population in many countries, along with the increasing prevalence of obesity beginning in childhood, understanding how adiposity relates to low muscle strength is of growing importance.

Browsing by Author "Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana"

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