Person: Muñoz, Pablo
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Publication Human-animal mutualism in regenerative entrepreneurship(2024) Muñoz, Pablo; Hernández, MauricioIn this paper, we explore the micro-interactions through which a regenerative enterprise engages with proximate natural ecosystems in its attempt to repair and protect them. Through an ethnographic study of a regenerative farming enterprise in rural Southern Patagonia - Fundo Panguilemu - we discover a reciprocal relationship between the enterprise and animals, central to their regenerative efforts. This relationship is formed and actively maintained by the founders through three practices - joint rewilding, ambivalent relationality, and task interdependence. We leverage nature relatedness to conceptualize the relationship between these practices as human-animal mutualism in regenerative work. We advance regenerative entrepreneurship research by revealing novel human-nature interactions formed and fostered by a rural enterprise in the pursuit of local regeneration and expand our understanding of micro-level phenomena in rural entrepreneurshipPublication How founders harness tensions in hybrid venture development(2024) Muñoz, Pablo; Farny, Steffen; Kibler, Ewald; Salmivaara, VirvaAlthough the simultaneous presence of multiple ambitions is inherent in hybrid venturing, pursuing social and/or environmental missions while securing commercial viability can generate ambivalence amongst stakeholders. In this study, we draw on the notion of ‘holism’ to show how venture founders both embrace tensioned ambitions and sustain hybridity during critical venture development phases. Based on six years of data on The People’s Supermarket in the UK, we identify three distinct practices––fantasising, bartering, and conjuring––used by founders to harness tensions productively, without compromising their venture’s multiple ambitions. These practices demonstrate founders’ ability to maintain a venture’s hybrid nature throughout the ideation, organisational, and scale-up phases, thereby shedding light on the application of ‘holism’ within the realm of hybrid venturing.Publication Outcomes-based contracts and the hidden turn to public value management(2023) Kimmitt, Jonathan; Muñoz, PabloDespite long-standing criticisms of the paradigm, New Public Management (NPM) retains a strong influence over organizationsin public administration. Social Impact Bonds (SIB) are anoutcomes-orientedinvestment entity which has emerged from NPMwith grand promises of social change. Building on a longitudinal case study of a health-basedSIB, this paper identifies how key actors move away from NPMbyresisting such management principlesand shifttoward Public Value Management (PVM). The paper finds that this is possible when the public interest and performance objectives are designed with a public value orientation whilst other NPM principles shift over time through resistance and negotiation. The paper provides insight into how key actors re-organizeto embed public value in a financing and public service delivery structure that is often regarded as flawed and inefficient.The paper offers several contributions to public value literature, including the role of the state, as well as the emerging literature on SIBs and outcomes-based contracts.Publication Reconceptualising Franchisee Performance: A configurational approach in a base-of-the-pyramid context(2024) Newbery, Robert; McKague, Kevin; Muñoz, Pablo; Kimmitt, JonathanThis paper proposes and tests a new conceptual framing for franchisee performance that draws on institutional complexity to explore the interaction of corporate, market and relational logics of performance. Extant research draws on corporate and market logics to explain performance, however, this does not explain individual franchisee performance in complex institutional environments such as Base-of-the-Pyramid (BoP) markets where relational logics may be more important, limiting explanations of how franchisee outlets perform. Drawing on data from a network of 58 franchise outlets in the context of Kenya, we conduct a configurational analysis related to sales outcomes. We leverage fsQCA to map out the conditions under which franchisees exhibit higher sales performance. Results show that three different configurations can lead to increased sales performance. Our results paint a nuanced picture of combinations of factors that result in franchisee success with relevance to the BoP context and beyond.Publication Trans‑contextual work: doing entrepreneurial contexts in the periphery(2023) Muñoz, Pablo; Kimmitt, Jonathan; Spigel, BenThis study explores how entrepreneurs “do” contexts in peripheral areas. Through the examination of changes in roles, practices, and relationships across peripheral areas in Chile, we found that substantive transformations result from the momentary repurposing of systems of provision, types of interdependencies, and sources of reliance within public, community, and family contexts. Drawing from the perspective of interstitial spaces and extensive data, this is done through three interwoven interaction rituals: support seeking, neighboring, and nesting. We abductively theorize the connection between these rituals as trans-contextual work. As entrepreneurs do contexts through trans-contextual work new entrepreneurial ideas, practices and artifacts begin to reorganize community resources and transform the commune’s social into an entrepreneurial life. Our research expands the current understanding of contextual change in peripheral areas and contextualization in entrepreneurship more broadly.Publication Local entrepreneurial ecosystems as configural narratives: A new way of seeing and evaluating antecedents and outcomes(2022) Muñoz, Pablo; Kibler, Ewald; Mandakovic, Vesna; Amorós, José ErnestoThis paper develops and applies a new evaluative approach to local entrepreneuriale cosystems, as configural narratives. We examine how configurations of local entrepreneurial ecosystem attributes, as evaluated by local experts, support or hinder the emergence of new and innovative firms. Drawing on sociology of place, we present a novel configurational comparative analysis of local experts' evaluation of their ecosystems in Chile. Our proposed approach to entrepreneurial ecosystems helps us uncover two counterintuitive findings and so elaborateon interferences that have not yet been addressed through conventional concepts, methods and data. First, we reveal three distinct ecosystem types explaining different local levels of new firm activity: Active self-propelled, Indulged and Passive self-absorbed. The internal composition of these types change when only innovative and high growth firms are taken into consideration. Second, we show why, when seen as configural narratives, ecosystem attributes that have been assumed necessary play only a peripheral role. Our study demonstrates a split picture against seemingly similar outcomes and homogenous local contexts, contributing to the advancement of entrepreneurial ecosystem theory, observation and assessment.Publication When given two choices, take both! Social impact assessment in social entrepreneurship(2024) Muñoz, Pablo; Gamble, Edward N.This paper examines how social entrepreneurs construct impact arguments as they begin to assess social impact. We examined the experiences of 68 social entrepreneurs in Chile and discovered that the construction of arguments for the purpose of thinking about and experiencing impact is different than the arguments constructed to establish dialogues around it. We explain this dual argument construction as arguments for worth and arguments for legitimacy. We expand scholarship on argumentation by clarifying social entrepreneurs’ efforts to pursue adherence facing competing demands and reinforcing their willingness and ability to engage with social impact assessment. We advance the understanding of social impact assessment in social entrepreneurship across three areas: tensions, accountability and performance and extend Nicholls’ general theory by explaining what precedes the discursive space where the assessment of social impact reconciles facticity and validity to establish materiality.