Person: Ponce, Roberto D.
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Publication La Eficiencia de la producción de quinua en zonas altoandinas: el caso de Puno-Perú(2023) Ataucusi, Yiem; Mercado, Waldemar; Ponce, Roberto D.; Orihuela, Carlos; Luna, Hugo; Ortiz, Hatzel; Mogollon, RaymundoEl objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar la eficiencia técnica y económica en la producción de quinua en el Departamento de Puno, Perú, mediante el uso del modelo de la función de producción estocástica. Para ello, se aplicaron encuestas presenciales a 461 productores, los cuales fueron segmentados según su práctica cultural (quechua y aymara) y su zona agroecológica (Circunlacustre, Suni y Puna). Los resultados indican que los aymaras son más eficientes que los quechuas. A nivel de zonas agroecológicas, la zona Suni presenta mayor eficiencia técnica del productor de quinua (0.74) en comparación con otras zonas. El promedio de todas ellas fue 0.68. Además, se encontró que en zonas donde predominan prácticas productivas tradicionales, la eficiencia técnica explica mejor la relación entre los insumos y los productores, ya que en su mayoría estos se sienten motivados a garantizar su seguridad alimentaria, en tanto, lograr eficiencia en costos no sería propósito de las economías familiares altoandinas, pues pocos productores se motivan a maximizar beneficios monetarios.Publication Evaluando las condiciones de racionalidad y plausibilidad en la valoración de conservar la biodiversidad de un país megabiodiverso: El caso del Manu en Perú(2023) Dávila, José; Vásquez Lavín, Felipe; Orihuela, Carlos Enrique; Ponce, Roberto D.; Lavado-Solis, Karol; Paredes-Vilca, Oscar; Mogollón Ñañez, Raymundo; Díaz, SabrinaSegún la NOAA, los resultados de una valoración económica son aplicables como política pública si cumplen dos condiciones: racionalidad y plausibilidad. En el presente estudio, se realiza la valoración económica de conservar la biodiversidad del Parque Nacional del Manu en Perú (país megabiodiverso), a partir de tres representaciones: especies, hábitat y funcionalidad. Se identificó la presencia de sensibilidad al alcance en la mayor parte de atributos empleados. Al incluir características socioeconómicas se identificó que el género y los niveles salariales afectan las preferencias. Los resultados muestran que las especies de flora amenazada y la funcionalidad cumplen con ambas condiciones.Publication Modelamiento hidro-económico de los efectos del cambio climático y política en la agricultura andina(2023) Crispin Cunya, Marianella; Ponce, Roberto D.; Rendon Schneir, Eric; Arias Montevechio, Esteban EduardoEl cambio climático viene afectando de manera diferenciada a la agricultura, en particular, en la zona andina, dada su alta exposición, sensibilidad y baja capacidad adaptativa. Se evaluó la respuesta adaptativa de la agricultura andina frente a una variación de la disponibilidad hídrica debido al cambio climático en base al modelo hidro-económico que integra dos módulos: el modelamiento hidrológico en base al SWAT y un modelo económico de optimización en base al PMP. Se determinó una alta vulnerabilidad agrícola frente al cambio climático situación que podría revertirse al aplicar una política agraria en base al uso eficiente del agua.Publication Microplastics in seafood:(2024) Barrientos, Manuel; Vásquez Lavín, Felipe; Ponce, Roberto D.; Nayga Jr, Rodolfo M.; Gelcich, StefanMicroplastics, an emerging pollutant, have garnered widespread attention due to potential repercussions on human health and the environment. Given the critical role of seafood in food security, growing concerns about microplastics might be detrimental to meeting future global food demand. This study employed a discrete choice experiment to investigate Chilean consumers’ preferences for technology aimed at mitigating microplastic levels in mussels. Using a between-subjects design with information treatments, we examined the impact of informing consumers about potential human health and environmental effects linked to microplastics pollution on their valuation for the technology. We found that the information treatments increased consumers’ willingness to pay for mussels. Specifically, consumers were willing to pay a premium of around US$ 4 for 250 g of mussel meat with a 90 % depuration efficiency certification. The provision of health impact information increased the price premium by 56 %, while the provision of environmental information increased it by 21 %. Furthermore, combined health and environmental information significantly increased the probability of non-purchasing behavior by 22.8 % and the risk perception of microplastics for human health by 5.8 %. These results emphasized the critical role of information in shaping consumer preferences and provided evidence for validating investment in research and development related to microplastic pollution mitigation measures.Publication Exploring the impact of ocean acidification information on consumers’ preference for seafood(2024) Barrientos, Manuel; Carrasco-Garcés, Moisés; Vásquez Lavín, Felipe; Ponce, Roberto D.; San Martín, Valeska A.; Gelcich, StefanWe conducted a discrete choice experiment to explore whether providing information about a lesser-known issue related to climate change, ocean acidification (OA), affects consumers’ preferences for seafood products in a middle-income country in the southern hemisphere. Our objective was to determine whether OA information affects consumer preferences for seafood using stated preference (SP) techniques. Seafood attributes include shell size and appearance, meat color, texture, taste, nutritional composition, product assortments, and price. We applied a split-sample approach to test for information effects, with one sample receiving information about OA while the other did not. We analyze the differences between samples using visual instruments and statistical tests. The results demonstrate that although the statistical test does not identify a difference between models, we did find that OA information increases the precision of ’consumers’ responses. Moreover, using visual instruments, we found differences in specific parameters – not detected in the statistical analysis - which can lead to substantial differences in the willingness to pay for seafood attributes. The article is relevant as understanding these matters is essential when generating more effective communicational strategies regarding the impacts of global changes.Publication Tourism metamorphosis:(2024) Ibáñez, María José; Ponce, Roberto D.; Diaz-Avendaño, JulianThrough Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) on destination attractiveness characteristics at the country level, this study identifies attribute configurations in the pre- and post-pandemic period to analyze the changes and differences generated by an exogenous event (COVID-19). The results suggest that the destination attractiveness attributes work together, in multidimensional configurations, to increase leisure travel volume. We found an important change in pat-terns/configurations of attractiveness between the pre- and post-pandemic scenarios. Our findings suggest that the destination attributes may change in importance and valuation or disappear for some configurations. The conclusion has implications for the stakeholders related to the destination attractiveness development, showing possible patterns of tourism attributes to guide the action to improve the resilience in the tourism sector and recover these activities in a disaster scenario.Publication Estimating residential water demand under systematic shifts between Uniform Price (UP) and Increasing BlockTariffs (IBT)(2024) Chovar Vera, A. M.; Vásquez Lavín, Felipe; Ponce, Roberto D.We evaluate whether changing from a uniform price (UP) to an increasing block tariff (IBT) changes people's behavior. We exploit a unique setting in which the price scheme moves back and forth yearly from UP to IBT. We discuss the effectiveness of IBT in reducing summer consumption. This issue is relevant to many countries and policymakers interested in designing tariff structures. There is no evidence of how the same consumer may react to systematically switching from one tariff structure to another yearly. We estimate the residential water demand and its price elasticity using a generalized least squared random effect model for the UP and the discrete/continuous choice model for the IBT. In addition, we split the sample between low and highconsumption groups. For the low consumption group unaffected by the tariff change, the elasticity in the nonsummer months is higher (more elastic) than in the summer. Consumers in this group reduce their elasticity from nonsummer to summer months (- 0.299 vs. - 0.071, respectively) and increase their consumption by 13%. The high consumption group increased its summer consumption, but only by 8.7%, and contrary to the first group, its elasticity increased significantly (from - 0.299 to - 0.568). The high‐consumption group is indeed affected by the change in tariff. From a policy perspective, this implies that the IBT structure is relevant. However, if the policy seeks to promote conservation, it needs to be adjusted to a lower decile of the water consumption distribution to affect a more significant portion of the population.