Browsing by Author "Aguilera, Bernardo"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    A minimal One Health approach? Lessons from the salmon aquaculture crisis in Chile
    (2025) Aguilera, Bernardo; Lecaros Urzúa, Juan Alberto; Olivares, Jorge
    This paper explores the application of the One Health approach through an analysis of the response to the 2007 crisis in Chile's salmon aquaculture industry. To evaluate the extent to which the case aligns with a "minimal" One Health framework, we draw on four key dimensions of this framework (methodological, epistemic, ontological, and ethical) and contrast the case with the response to the 2009 Q fever outbreak in the Netherlands. We conclude that the Dutch response to Q fever, characterized by limited institutional collaboration, a narrow disciplinary focus, and an anthropocentric ethical stance, fell short of even a minimal One Health approach. In contrast, the response by the Aquaculture Health Management Program (PGSA) to Chile's salmon aquaculture crisis represents a more integrated approach, involving multisectoral collaboration, interdisciplinary dialogue, and concern for animal and environmental health. While the Chilean case does not fully achieve a strong One Health model, it demonstrates the practical benefits of adopting a minimal One Health perspective, including reduced antibiotic use and improved disease control. The paper concludes that One Health should be understood as a flexible, problem-solving framework, and that clarity regarding its core dimensions is essential for strengthening One Health approaches.
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    Do doctors have a moral duty to work in the public health sector? Ethical considerations regarding the social obligations of medicine
    (2017) Aguilera, Bernardo; López, Gonzalo
    This article discusses whether physicians have social obligations and whether these obligations imply a moral duty to work in the public sector. The article focuses on the context of the Chilean health system, which has an unequal distribution of physicians to the detriment of the public sector, thus making the issue a particularly pressing one. After addressing arguments from different ethical theories and some empirical evidence, the article concludes that the physician has some social obligations in relation to a fair distribution of health resources, and that professional excellence should incorporate cultivating virtues related to social justice. In addition, it is argued that the moral duty to work in the public sector can be placed in the context of prima facie obligations which admit exceptions and allow the possibility of conflict with other professional obligations.
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    Information and sustaining mechanisms in Fodor's theory of content
    (Instituto de Estudios Humanisticos Juan Ignacio Molina, 2016) Aguilera, Bernardo
    According to Fodor's informational approach, mental symbols have content by virtue of standing in certain nomic relations with their referents. These relations are sustained by computational mechanisms which enable the causal route linking mental symbols with the world. Fodor claims, however, that specifying the structure of those sustaining mechanisms is irrelevant for a theory of content. This paper argues that, on the contrary, without an account of the computational constraints under which those mechanisms operate, Fodor's theory is at best incomplete, and incapable of explaining what makes us the only known computing machine capable of bearing mental symbols so far.
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    Machery’s Alternative to Concepts and the Problem of Content
    (Springer, 2017) Pino, Bernardo; Aguilera, Bernardo
    Edouard Machery has argued that the notion of concept should be eliminated from scientific theorising about cognition on the grounds that what psychologists call concepts do not form a natural kind and that keeping this notion would encumber scientific progress. His view is that the class of concepts really divides into three distinct yet co-referential kinds of bodies of knowledge typically used in distinct cognitive processes. The main purpose of this paper is to challenge Machery’s eliminativist conclusion on the grounds that his alternative to concepts fails to be combined with any prominent account of content determination. As a case of philosophical scrutiny of a psychological proposal, the paper also intends to show how philosophical and psychological interests in concepts can be brought together.
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    El uso de animales en experimentación biomédica
    (2019) Aguilera, Bernardo; Lecaros, Juan Alberto; Universidad del Desarrollo Chile
    El uso de animales para experimentación biomédica ha sido uno de los tópicos más debatidos dentro de las aplicaciones que tiene la teoría de la ética animal. Si bien este tipo de uso de los animales no constituye más que una mínima parte de los utilizados en comparación con otros contextos como la industria alimentaria, en el imaginario colectivo representa uno de los casos paradigmáticos de la explotación y sufrimiento animal. Si bien el uso de animales con fines experimentales comprende también el empleo de estos con fines educativos, de entrenamiento médico y las pruebas de productos cosméticos, en este capítulo nos centraremos en las controversias que surgen del uso de animales con fines de experimentación biomédica, ámbito donde continúa habiendo un activo debate entre posiciones diversas. Así, entre las posturas permisivistas históricamente arraigadas, que no consideran necesario justificar el uso de los animales para estos fines en virtud de los beneficios que tiene para el ser humano, hasta las posturas abolicionistas, que consideran injustificado cualquier intervención en el animal que no vaya en su beneficio, se mueven un conjunto de argumentos sustentados por diversas teorías de referencia como el utilitarismo, el deontologismo y el contractualismo. Más allá de las distintas estrategias argumentativas que revisaremos en el capítulo para justificar o no el uso de animales con fines experimentales, asumiremos el hecho de que hoy la comunidad científica acepta la premisa de que los animales sintientes tienen al menos el interés de no experimentar sufrimiento y que ese interés merece ser considerado moralmente. Para facilitar la exposición de los argumentos que adoptan las distintas posiciones éticas, adoptaremos como punto de partida el enfoque utilitarista, pues luego nos permitirá dar cuenta de las posiciones intermedias, situadas entre el permisivismo y el abolicionismo.

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