Person: Guerrero, Maribel
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Publication Entrepreneurial growth aspirations during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of ICT infrastructure quality versus policy response(2024) Guerrero, Maribel; Mickiewicz, Tomasz; Qin, FeiWe posit that the quality of information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure and the effectiveness of crisis-specific policy response are essential for entrepreneurial growth aspirations during major external shocks. Enhancing the quality of ICT infrastructure is a relevant strategy for building ecosystems that are resilient to multiple types of crises. It enhances entrepreneurs’ growth ambitions during the crisis, and makes them less reliant on crisis-specific response policies adopted by governments. We provide empirical support for this, utiliz-ing Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data from the pandemic period in Chile.Publication Re‑viewing the entrepreneurial university: strategic challenges and theory building opportunities(2023) Guerrero, Maribel; Fayolle, Alain; Di Guardo, Maria Chiara; Lamine, Wadid; Mian, SarfrazInfluenced by the neo-liberal economic perspective, in which universities are evaluated based on their contribution to society, the term “Entrepreneurial University” (EU) emerged in the early 1980s. The entrepreneurial university has evolved as a “natural” incubator supporting entrepreneurship, innovation, and sustainability in the university community (e.g., students, alumni, staff, and academics) and beyond civic engagement. Over the last four decades, academic debates on why and how higher education organizations could play this key role have become increasingly important in the business and management literature. It has motivated several special issues published in multidisciplinary academic journals, literature reviews, and theoretical-empirical contributions. However, there is a defragmentation of the literature given the unique nature of each entrepreneurial university during the current decade and the forced transformation of entrepreneurial organizations due to new (technological and health) paradigms. Therefore, this new decade opens the door for re-viewing the theoretical foundations and empirical evidence of entrepreneurial universities. Inspired by these universities’ challenges, this special issue represented a unique opportunity to build a novel theory that provides an updated theoretical view of the entrepreneurial university phenomenon (e.g., re-conceptualization, re-view missions, re-view business models, re-view metrics), as well as to offer new insights about how the new paradigms have transformed core entrepreneurial university activities (education, research, technology transfer, and entrepreneurship), strategies, and interconnectedness with ecosystems. This introductory paper encouraged an in-depth multidisciplinary conversation within the management and related research community from different socio-economic settings to make theoretical and empirical contributions. As a result, six papers have contributed to this special issue and provide several implications for different stakeholders.Publication The role of individual capabilities, workplace, and national culture on corporate entrepreneurship: A gender perspective(2023) Ruiz, Linda Elizabeth; Amorós, José Ernesto; Guerrero, MaribelThis cross-country study proposes conceptualizing and measuring the engagementof a gendered workforce in corporate entrepreneurship by examining the infuence of individual capabilities, workplace environment perception, and national culture. The study uses information from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and World Bank from 22 countries among a sample of employees managing projects within established frms. Results reafrm the importance of having a job that fully aligns with the interests of employees regarding their gender; in this case, the perception of having a meaningful job and having the autonomy to develop novel activities are strong determinants. However, gender diferences may be more pronounced when considering work-life balance satisfaction. These fndings enrich the literature on corporate entrepreneurship and gender and establish important insights for corporations wanting to develop a workplace environment promoting entrepreneurial activity.Publication Schumpeter meets teece:(2024) Guerrero, Maribel; Siegel,Donald S.Based on the dynamic capabilities framework and the concept of entrepreneurial innovation, we identify a set of metrics that can be used to assess innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems in an emerging economy. These metrics allow us to analyze how such ecosystems develop key capabilities and how they generate economic and social value. We also assess the relationship between entrepreneurial innovation, ecosystems, and socioeconomic impact.Publication How do entrepreneurs build a resilient and persistent identity? Re-examining the financial crisis impact(2024) Guerrero, Maribel; Walsh , Grace S.This study examines re-entry entrepreneurs’ response to exogenous shakeouts (economic crises). Concretely, we analyse how prior business failure experience contributes to the creation of an entrepreneurial resilience identity, through entrepreneurial persistence, during/after the Global Financial Crisis (GFC). Using data from 24 European countries from 2007 to 2014, our analysis shows that, while experiencing business failure can be challenging both personally and professionally, it also provides a tailored form of learning applicable in these challenging times. If entrepreneurs are confident and persistent, they may take advantage of failure experience, thus leading to entrepreneurial resilience, especially if they are re-entering via high-tech sectors. Our results contribute to the entrepreneurship literature by exposing the factors that increase entrepreneurial resilience and support entrepreneurial persistence. These insights may lead to the development of a resilient economy capable of overcoming the pandemic’s recessionary impact. Several implications for policymakers and entrepreneurs emerged from this study.Publication University technology transfer ofces’ capabilities in responding to societal challenges:(2024) Roncancio‑Marin, Jason; Guerrero, MaribelOver the last decades, the University Technology Transfer Ofces (UTTOs) literature has focused on how technology transfer contributes to economic development and only a few studies have focused on social development. This study explores how UTTOs transform into ambidextrous organizations capable of simultaneously addressing economic and social challenges, during external crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Particularly, we explore which dynamic capabilities and strategies should be developed or reconfgured by UTTOs to respond to complex societal challenges. We conducted an exploratory qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with 20 UTTO ofcials from universities across Europe, North America, and Latin America, carried out in 2020 and 2021. Our fndings show that UTTOs reconfgured their dynamic capabilities and implemented inclusive strategies, such as fexible intellectual property models, inclusive technology transfer practices, and newmetrics that integrate social value. These adaptations enable UTTOs to respond efectively to the COVID-19 pandemic by facilitating the translation of impactful technologies to societal needs. We propose a theoretical framework that incorporates the role of dynamic capabilities—sensing, seizing, and transforming—into how UTTOs align economic and social goals by translating knowledge-creation processes to make discoveries that address social needs and fnancial opportunities. This study highlights some strategic implications based on the emergence of ambidextrous UTTOs, which focus on simultaneously driving both economic and social impacts.Publication Intrapreneurial universities in digital times - New ways of thinking and future challenges(2024) Klofsten, Magnus; Brem, Alexander; Guerrero, Maribel; Urbano, DavidDespite extensive research on academic entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial universities, this special issue challenges conventional beliefs by examining intrapreneurship in academia. It aims to investigate how faculty and staff can adopt entrepreneurial behaviors and cultivate an entrepreneurial approach within their roles as researchers and educators, in diverse academic contexts. The 11 papers included in this issue span various domains of intrapreneurial universities, broadening the original concept beyond initial expectations set forth in the call for papers. Exploring a spectrum of intrapreneurial initiatives, this issue seeks to enhance understanding and broaden perspectives on intrapreneurial behaviors within universities through various research approaches and methodologies. Based on the contributions received, we reflect on theoretical and practical implications and delineate future directions for academic intrapreneurship research.Publication A framework for investigating new firm entry:(2024) Estrin, Saul; Guerrero, Maribel; Mickiewicz, TomaszWe analyse entrepreneurial entry along the dimensions of informal-formal and necessityopportunity entrepreneurship, distinguishing between them yet considering them jointly. While the dominant view in the literature conflates necessity with informal entry, and opportunity with formal entry, we hypothesise that informal entrepreneurship may be attractive to higher-income individuals as a testing ground for entrepreneurial ideas. We also explain why higher-income individuals may undertake necessity entrepreneurship. We utilise individual Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data from Chile (2019–2021), which identifies informal-formal and necessity-opportunity entrepreneurial entry modes, to test hypotheses on the role of individuals´ income in the four types of entrepreneurial entry. We also consider changes in entrepreneurial entry during a crisis and a non-crisis periods. Our results confirm that the patterns in the data are consistent with hypotheses derived from our proposed theoretical framework. Executive summary: Emerging markets economies have very large informal sectors, and their entrepreneurial entry is often motivated by economic necessity rather than by business opportunity. But neither informal nor necessity entrepreneurship are usually expected to generate the positive benefits for growth and development predicted for formal and opportunity entrepreneurship. We argue that the dominant stream in the literature actually conflates informal and necessity entrepreneurship, both of which have been associated with low human and financial capital and productivity. We propose that the appropriate typology is more complex than this because there are examples of successful and dynamic informal firms. This leads us to identify four categories of entrepreneurial entry: informal-necessity (Type 1), formal-opportunity (Type 2), informal-opportunity (Type 3), and formal-necessity (Type 4). While necessity entrepreneurship has typically been associated with low-income individuals, we propose that formalnecessity entrepreneurship may be an entry path for both low- and high-income individuals, though for different reasons. Informal opportunity entry may likewise be an option for people with low-income as well as high-income. We therefore seek to disentangle the analysis of opportunity-necessity and of formal-informal entry and to demonstrate that the two less explored entry modes - informal-opportunity, and formal-necessity - are of considerable theoretical and practical significance in emerging economies. We test our framework in the emerging market economy setting of Chile, one of the more prosperous and open economies in Latin America. We use Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) data which uniquely for Chile allow us to distinguish between individuals along both the formal-informal and the necessity-opportunity dimensions. On this basis, we distinguish empirically between these four categories of entrepreneurial entry and explain how higher-income individuals may use informal-opportunity entrepreneurial entry as a “seed bed” to test their new business ideas. At the same time, we show that necessity entrepreneurship may be attractive to both lower- and higher-income individuals. We also show that the interplay between individuals´ income groups and four entrepreneurial entry modes is stable over “normal times” versus “crisis periods”. We observe that in response to a crisis, individuals with lower-incomes are likely to engage more in informal-necessity entrepreneurship while opportunity-informal entry by higher-income individuals will decline. These changes represent a more complex adjustment pattern than has been identified for developed economies, where entrepreneurial activity has been found to be countercyclical. Thus, in emerging markets, informal-necessity entrepreneurship plays a stabilizing role for those individuals with a more marginal position in the labor market during the crisis. In contrast, for those individuals who have access to higher household income, all forms of entrepreneurship become a less attractive option. We interpret this as indicating that these individuals have the option to wait for higher return opportunities to re-emerge. This is one of the first papers to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on entrepreneurship in an emerging market economy.Publication Driving change in higher education:(2024) Guerrero, Maribel; Menter, MatthiasAbstract Universities play a crucial role in social, economic, and technological development. Over the last decades, higher education systems have experimented with multiple transformations due to social demands, socioeconomic paradigms, and external shakeouts. Even though teaching and research are still the core functions of universities, other activities are emerging within/beyond the universities’ scope and boundaries to configure the “third mission.” Despite the increasing importance of universities’ third mission, little is known about the role of dynamic capabilities underpinning the configuration of the third mission across higher education systems. Using a unique longitudinal dataset that captures the German higher education landscape from 2000 to 2016, we investigate the effect of dynamic teaching/research capabilities for achieving the third university mission (knowledge transfer and technology commercialization). Our results reveal tensions between complementary and substitution effects when pursuing universities’ three missions (teaching, research, and knowledge transfer and technology commercialization), requiring university managers’ and policymakers’ strategic decisions. We provide implications for university managers and the university community as well as policymakers during the re-configuration process of becoming more entrepreneurial and innovative, highlighting the relevance of effectively managing universities’ dynamic capabilities. Plain English Summary Universities have undergone significant transformations in recent decades, responding to societal demands, economic shifts, and external pressures. The third mission of universities thereby serves as a driving force and encompasses endeavors that go beyond traditional academic functions, such as knowledge transfer and technology commercialization. Despite its increasing importance, little is known about the underlying mechanisms that lead to third mission outcomes. To shed light on this crucial topic, this paper delves into the impact of dynamic teaching and research capabilities on achieving the third mission’s goals. Our findings reveal goal conflicts that universities face in balancing their three missions, requiring university managers and policymakers to make strategic decisions to navigate these tensions effectively. As universities aim to become more entrepreneurial and innovative, effectively managing dynamic capabilities and making strategic decisions becomes paramount during reconfiguration processes, enabling universities to unlock their full potential for economic, technological, and societal impacts.Publication Re-entrepreneurial experience and learning during challenging times(2025) Espinoza-Benavides, Jorge; Guerrero, MaribelThis study theorizes how entrepreneurs in an emerging economy deal with adverse external scenarios by taking advantage of their previous business failure experiences. Using grounded theory and multiple case study approach, we found that individuals with re-entrepreneurial experiences exhibit greater resilience and prioritize re-building social capital as part of their crisis management tactics. This finding contrasts with those who are new entrepreneurs who do not have failure experience. Our study provides a conceptual framework to understand what re-entrepreneurs have learned from previous failure/crisis experiences to build resilience and strategically manage internal crises that were caused by exogenous events (e.g., social movements and the COVID-19 pandemic). Policymakers, entrepreneurs, and educators can benefit from the re-entrepreneurs’ learning lessons and strategic implications of this study.