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Crowding on public transport using smart card data during the COVID-19 pandemic : New methodology and case study in Chile

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dc.contributor.authorBasso, Franco
dc.contributor.authorHernández, Hugo
dc.contributor.authorFrez, Jonathan
dc.contributor.authorLeiva, Víctor
dc.contributor.authorPezoa, Raúl
dc.contributor.authorVaras, Mauricio
dc.date.accessioned2024-04-16T19:50:28Z
dc.date.available2024-04-16T19:50:28Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.abstractMost crowding measures in public transportation are usually aggregated at a service level. This type of aggregation does not help to analyze microscopic behavior such as exposure risk to viruses. To bridge such a gap, our paper proposes four novel crowding measures that might be well suited to proxy virus exposure risk at public transport. In addition, we conduct a case study in Santiago, Chile, using smart card data of the buses system to compute the proposed measures for three different and relevant periods of the COVID-19 pandemic: before, during, and after Santiago’s lockdown. We find that the governmental policies diminished public transport crowding considerably for the lockdown phase. The average exposure time when social distancing is not possible passes from 6.39 min before lockdown to 0.03 min during the lockdown, while the average number of encountered persons passes from 43.33 to 5.89. We shed light on how the pandemic impacts differ across various population groups in society. Our findings suggest that poorer municipalities returned faster to crowding levels similar to those before the pandemic.
dc.description.sponsorshipAgenția Națională pentru Cercetare și Dezvoltare, ANCD ; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT
dc.description.versionVersión publicadaes
dc.format.extent11 p.es
dc.identifier.citationBasso, F., Frez, J., Hernández, H., Leiva, V., Pezoa, R., & Varas, M. (2023). Crowding on public transport using smart card data during the COVID-19 pandemic: New methodology and case study in Chile. Sustainable Cities and Society, 96
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.scs.2023.104712en
dc.identifier.issn2210-6707
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11447/8629
dc.language.isoen
dc.relation.projectFONDECYT: 11190892, 11200167, 1200525; Instituto de Sistemas Complejoses
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 3.0 Chile (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 CL)
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/cl/
dc.subjectCrowding measuresen
dc.subjectGlobal positioning systemen
dc.subjectSARS-CoV-2en
dc.subjectTransport supplyen
dc.titleCrowding on public transport using smart card data during the COVID-19 pandemic : New methodology and case study in Chile
dc.typeArticle
dcterms.accessRightsAcceso abiertoes
dcterms.sourceSustainable Cities and Societyen
dspace.entity.typePublication

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