Person: Rubilar, Paola
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Rubilar
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Paola
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Publication Seroprevalence and estimation of the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection in older adults residing in Long-term Care Facilities in Chile(2022) Rubilar, Paola; Hirmas Adauy, Macarena; Matute, María Isabel; Browne, Jorge; Little, Cedric; Ruz, Gonzalo; Aguilera, Ximena; Avila, Carlos; Vial, Pablo; Gutknecht Mackenzie, TaniaIntroduction Older adults are at a higher risk of severe illness and death from COVID-19. This vulnera bility increases in those who live in long-term care facilities due to overcrowding, greater physical dependence, and contact with health workers. Evidence on the impact of the pan demic on these establishments in low- and middle-income countries has been scant. This study aims to determine the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in older people residing in long-term care facilities and estimate the impact of infection after the first wave of the pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional design with 2099 residents in three regions of Chile was carried out be tween September and November 2020. Measurement of antibodies was performed with a rapid test. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection was estimated with seropositive residents, those who had a history of positive polymerase chain reaction tests, and those who died from COVID-19. Bivariate analysis with the region, sex, age, history of COVID-19, physical dependence, and serological results were performed. In addition, we performed a correla tion analysis between the seroprevalence of the centers by the municipality and the rate of confirmed cases. Results The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the three regions was 14.7% (95% confi dence interval: 13.2 to 16.3%), the infection impact was 46.4%, and the fatality rate was 19.6%. A significant correlation was found between the seroprevalence of older adults re siding in long-term care facilities and the cumulative incidence by municipalities. Conclusions The seroprevalence of older adults residing in long-term care facilities was higher than the general population. The high impact of infection among this population at the end of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic is similar to other countries. The centers' environ ment is directly related to COVID-19 infection. Morbidity and mortality monitoring sys tems should be implemented promptly to establish prevention and control measurPublication Ultra-Processed Foods and Markers of Systemic Inflammation in Children(2026) Awad, Camila; Rubilar, Paola; Hirmas Adauy, Macarena; Iglesias, Verónica; Muñoz, María; Retamal, Mauricio A.; Carvajal, Cristóbal; Dadvand, Payam; Lassale, CamilleDiets high in ultra-processed foods (UPF) have been associated with negative health outcomes in adults; however, UPF's impact on children's health and their underlying mechanisms remain underexplored, despite the rising prevalence of their intake in younger populations. We aimed to investigate the association between UPF intake and systemic inflammation in primary school children. This study included 450 children aged 7–10 years participating in a birth cohort in Arica, Chile (2023). Using the NOVA food classification system, we calculated the intake of UPF (expressed in %kcal) from a 44-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The associations between UPF intake (exposure) and an array of cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL1β, TNF-α) were assessed using multiple linear regression models, adjusted for relevant covariates. The mean (SD) UPF intake was 29% (10.5%) of the total energy intake. Some of the associations appeared non-linear; therefore, participants were grouped into tertiles of UPF intake. In adjusted models, a suggestive trend across tertiles was observed for IL-1β (trend p-value 0.01). Stratified analyses by age suggested an association between UPF intake and IL-6 in older children (≥9 years) only (p-value for interaction=0.02). We found potential associations between UPF intake and cytokine levels in school-aged children. These results may suggest inflammation as a mechanism underlying the adverse health consequences of UPF consumption in children.