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Slachevsky Chonchol, Andrea

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Slachevsky Chonchol

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Andrea

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Andrea María Slachevsky Conchol

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2024 - 20252
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Author: Cardona, Juan × Has files: true ×

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    Educational disparities in brain health and dementia across Latin America and the United States
    (2024) Gonzalez, Raul; Legaz, Agustina; Moguilner, Sebastián; Cruzat, Josephine; Hernández, Hernán; Baez, Sandra; Cocchi, Rafael; Coronel, Carlos; Medel,Vicente; Tagliazuchi, Enzo; Migeot, Joaquín; Ochoa, Carolina; Maito, Marcelo; Reyes, Pablo; Santamaria, Hernando; Godoy, Maria; Javande, Shireen; García, Adolfo; Matallana, Diana; Avila, José; Slachevsky Chonchol, Andrea; Behrens, María; Custodio, Nilton; Cardona, Juan; Brusco, Ignacio; Bruno, Martín; Sosa, Ana; Pina, Stefanie; Takada, Leonel; França, Elisa; Valcour, Victor; Possin, Katherine; De Oliveira, Maira; Lopera, Francisco; Lawlor, Brian; Hu, Kun; Miller, Bruce; Yokoyama, Jennifer; Gonzalez, Cecilia; Ibañez, Agustin
    Background: Education influences brain health and dementia. However, its impact across regions, specifically Latin America (LA) and the United States (US), is unknown. Methods: A total of 1412 participants comprising controls, patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) from LA and the US were included. We studied the association of education with brain volume and functional connectivity while controlling for imaging quality and variability, age, sex, total intracranial volume (TIV), and recording type. Results: Education influenced brain measures, explaining 24%-98% of the geographical differences. The educational disparities between LA and the US were associated with gray matter volume and connectivity variations, especially in LA and AD patients. Education emerged as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions. Discussion: The results underscore the impact of education on brain structure and function in LA, highlighting the importance of incorporating educational factors into diagnosing, care, and prevention, and emphasizing the need for global diversity in research. Highlights: Lower education was linked to reduced brain volume and connectivity in healthy controls (HCs), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Latin American cohorts have lower educational levels compared to the those in the United States. Educational disparities majorly drive brain health differences between regions. Educational differences were significant in both conditions, but more in AD than FTLD. Education stands as a critical factor in classifying aging and dementia across regions.
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    Social exposome and brain health outcomes of dementia across Latin America
    (2025) Migeot, Joaquin; Pina, Stefanie; Hernandez, Hernan; Gonzalez, Raul; Legaz, Agustina; Fittipaldi, Sol; Resende, Elisa de Paula França; Duran, Claudia; Avila, Jose; Behrens, Maria Isabel; Bruno, Martin; Cardona, Juan; Custodio, Nilton; García, Adolfo; Godoy, Maria; Hu, Kun; Lanata, Serggio; Lawlor, Brian; Lopera, Francisco; Maito, Marcelo; Matallana, Diana; Miller, Bruce; Miranda, J Jaime; Okada, Maira; Reyes, Pablo; Santamaria, Hernando; Slachevsky Chonchol, Andrea; Sosa, Ana; Takada, Leonel; Torres, Jacqueline; Vanneste, Sven; Valcour, Victor; Wen, Olivia; Yokoyama, Jennifer; Possin, Katherine; Ibañez, Agustin
    A multidimensional social exposome (MSE)-the combined lifespan measures of education, food insecurity, financial status, access to healthcare, childhood experiences, and more-may shape dementia risk and brain health over the lifespan, particularly in underserved regions like Latin America. However, the MSE effects on brain health and dementia are unknown. We evaluated 2211 individuals (controls, Alzheimer's disease, and frontotemporal lobar degeneration) from a non-representative sample across six Latin American countries. Adverse exposomes associate with poorer cognition in healthy aging. In dementia, more complex exposomes correlate with lower cognitive and functional performance, higher neuropsychiatric symptoms, and brain structural and connectivity alterations in frontal-temporal-limbic and cerebellar regions. Food insecurity, financial resources, subjective socioeconomic status, and access to healthcare emerge as critical predictors. Cumulative exposome measures surpass isolated factors in predicting clinical-cognitive profiles. Multiple sensitivity analyses confirm our results. Findings highlight the need for personalized approaches integrating MSE across the lifespan, emphasizing prevention and interventions targeting social disparities.

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