Person: Vergara-Barra, Pablo
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Vergara-Barra
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Pablo
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Publication Sociocultural influence on body, physical activity and anxiety are related to the symptomatology of muscle dysmorphia in young adults in Temuco: An exploratory analysis(2024) Vargas, Valentina; Sagredo, Javiera; Valenzuela, Michelle; Leonario-Rodríguez, Marcell; Vergara-Barra, PabloBackground Muscle Dysmorphia (MDM) is characterized by an obsession with lean body composition, leading to giving up social and work activities to achieve a muscular body. In Chile, studies are limited regarding the factors associated with this condition. Objective: To determine the symptomatology of MDM and related factors in young adults in Temuco, Chile. Methods An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 101 adults between 20 and 30 years of age, to whom the ACQ, DASS21, and SATAQ4 instruments were applied. Results Most of the volunteers assessed were female (57%), aged 20-25 years (89%), and physically sedentary (52%). Symptomatology of muscle dysmorphia was reported in 45.5% of the subjects, depression in 45%, anxiety in 35%, and stress in one-third of those evaluated. The only variables associated with symptomatology of MDM were active physical activity (p=.001) and anxiety (p=.013). Conclusions Symptomatology of MDM was found in the young adult population of the city of Temuco, which is concretely related to sociocultural influence on the body, levels of physical activity and anxious symptomatology.Publication Evaluación del bienestar subjetivo en estudiantes de educación media rural en Chile: Propiedades psicométricas de dos escalas(2025) Sánchez-Oñate, Alejandro Antonio; Céspedes Cárdenas, Paz; Reyes Reyes, Fernando Teddy; Vergara-Barra, PabloEsta investigación se enfocó en evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del Índice de Bienestar Personal para Escolares (PWI-SC) y la Escala Breve de Bienestar Subjetivo en la Escuela para Adolescentes (BASWBSS) en escolares de enseñanza media de zonas rurales de Chile. La literatura sobre bienestar subjetivo en escolares muestra altas puntuaciones de bienestar en estudiantes urbanos, pero se carece de evidencia en estudiantes rurales. El estudio se realizó con 320 escolares (M = 16.5 años; DT = 1.24) de liceos públicos rurales en la Región del Biobío, Chile. Tanto el PWI-SC como la BASWBSS demostraron ser adecuadas para su uso en contextos rurales, con resultados de validez y confiabilidad similares a estudios con estudiantes urbanos. La validación de estas escalas para aplicarlas en contextos rurales es crucial para comprender y promover el bienestar en entornos escolares rurales. Los resultados contribuyen al campo de la medición del bienestar subjetivo en estudiantes chilenos de estas zonas. Los hallazgos tienen implicaciones tanto para la investigación como para la promoción del bienestar en escuelas rurales, destacando la importancia de considerar el contexto al desarrollar y aplicar instrumentos de medición.Publication Women report worse metrics of positive body image and fat talk: Findings of an exploratory study in a Chilean sample(2025) Calisto, Javiera; Salazar, Catalina; Seco, Macarena; Vergara-Barra, Pablo; Leonario-Rodriguez, MarcellThis study aimed to investigate the correlation between a positive body image and fat talk, along with the influencing factors shaping their relationship within a cohort of Chilean participants. A cross-sectional exploratory study was undertaken, with variables drawn from the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS) and the Fat Talk Questionnaire (FTQ). Body image distortion was gauged through anthropometric measurements juxtaposed with Standard Figural Stimuli (SFS). women exhibited lower levels of body image positivity in comparison to men (p = 0,049), coupled with a statistically significant elevation in exposure to fat-phobic discussions (p = 0,005). Remarkably, these two variables were associated irrespective of gender, age, nutritional status, or socioeconomic status within the evaluated population.Publication Representaciones sociales sobre el suicidio en la adolescencia: Un estudio cualitativo con madres y padres de adolescentes de la comuna de Concepción(2025) González-Montenegro, Pablo; Díaz-Olguín, Rodrigo; Sánchez-Oñate, Alejandro Antonio; Colarte-Peña, Isidora; Vergara-Barra, PabloEl suicidio en la adolescencia cuenta con abundantes estudios, pero persisten lagunas en la investigación cualitativa focalizada en las representaciones sociales y la perspectiva de los padres. Este trabajo caracterizó dichas representaciones en padres y madres de adolescentes chilenos, empleando un diseño al estilo de una teoría fundamentada. Se incluyeron 12 participantes de la comuna de Concepción, seleccionados mediante muestreo teórico, sin experiencias cercanas con el suicidio. La codificación abierta identificó 27 categorías que describen sus creencias y actitudes. Con base en estas categorías, se desarrolló un modelo comprensivo que coincide parcialmente con diversos enfoques teóricos y revela mitos persistentes alrededor de este fenómeno. Estos hallazgos evidencian la necesidad de reforzar la intervención en centros de salud y establecimientos educativos, a fin de apoyar a las familias en la identificación temprana de señales y la prevención del suicidio adolescente.Publication Efficacy of lactobacillus spp. Interventions to modulate mood symptoms: A scoping review of clinical trials(2025) Fernández-Rodríguez, Diego; Bravo, María Consuelo; Pizarro, Marcela; Vergara-Barra, Pablo; Hormazábal, María José; Leonario-Rodriguez, MarcellProbiotics containing Lactobacillus spp. have demonstrated immunological and gastrointestinal benefits and may aid in recovery from mood disorders. However, evidence of their mood-modulating efficacy remains inconsistent. Aim: To analyze the efficacy of probiotic interventions with Lactobacillus spp. in modulating mood in humans. A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search of the PubMed and Scopus databases was performed using nine Boolean combinations of the terms “mental”, “mental diseases”, “mental disorders”, “gastrointestinal microbiome”, “gut microbiome”, “gut microbiota”, and “lactobacillus”. The search was limited to clinical trials published in English and limited to ten years of publication. Eligible studies met the following criteria: (a) probiotic interventions in adults, with or without mood disturbances; (b) the use of Lactobacillus spp., either alone or in combination; (c) mood assessment instruments applied pre- and post-intervention; and (d) reporting of probiotic concentrations. Trials involving populations with other psychiatric or neurological diagnoses or those combining probiotics with additional mood-modulating nutrients were excluded. From 3291 records, 17 clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. Data extracted included the author, year, population, country of origin, probiotic strain(s), dosage, intervention mode and duration, and outcomes related to the microbial composition, biomarkers, and microbial metabolites. Trials were categorized by probiotic type (single vs. multi-species) and participant profile (healthy individuals and those with depressive symptoms or specific physiological conditions). Preliminary evidence from single-strain interventions, particularly high-dose L. plantarum administered for ≥8 weeks, suggests potential improvements in anxiety, sleep quality, and inflammatory biomarkers. Multi-species formulations yielded reductions in depressive symptoms and changes in neurobiological markers. Nonetheless, substantial heterogeneity in strains, dosages, durations, and outcome measures limited cross-study comparisons. Lactobacillus spp. interventions show promising mood-modulating potential, especially with specific strains and prolonged administration. Standardized protocols, rigorous controls, and clearly defined clinical cohorts are needed to establish robust, evidence-based recommendations.