Person: Gonzalez-Mathiesen, Constanza
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Gonzalez-Mathiesen
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Constanza
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Publication Trajectories of parental daily stress: an ecological momentary assessment study during the COVID-19 lockdown(2023) Aldoney, Daniela; Coo, Soledad; Pérez Ewert, Janet Carola; Muñoz-Najar Pacheco, Andrés Omar; Montemurro Garcia, Manuel Fernelly; Tapia Aróstica, Leonel; Silva, Jaime; Gonzalez-Mathiesen, Constanza; Silva, Luz María; Gana Gajardo, Sofia; Panesso, CarolinaThe COVID-19 pandemic was a source of significant stress due to health and safety concerns and measures to control the virus’ spread, such as mobility restrictions. This measure was especially demanding for parents with school aged children, who had to find new work–family balance as their children participate in online education while attempting to work remotely. To evaluate parents’ stress trajectories during the pandemic, we conducted Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMAs) during lockdown for 29 days in 68 families in Santiago, Chile. In addition, we evaluated the role of educational level and income, co-parenting, and number of children in parents’ stress trajectories. Our results showed that during the first weeks of lockdown expected protective factors (i.e., incomeand co-parental support) were not able to influence parents’ daily stress management. Moreover, parents with higher educational levels reported worse stress adaptation than less educated parents. On the other hand, co-parental conflict was significantly associated with parent’s stress. Our study captured an acute response to COVID-19 related challenges. This study contributes to understanding how parents adjust to stress during adverse circumstances such as the COVID-19 pandemic.Publication Assessing the integration of planning instruments for urban land use and water service(2023) Gonzalez-Mathiesen, Constanza; Palma, Cristian D.; Jara, Cesar; Zapata, RichardLand-use planning instruments guide development, significantly affecting future water demands. Hence, land-use and water-service planning should be integrated. However, water availability issues in urban areas might indicate that this integration is not happening. To evaluate the integration among planning instruments, we propose a set of indicators to quantify the magnitude of the integration and an appraisal framework for exploring the possible causes of a lack of integration. We apply them to eight settlements in Chile, and we find some inconsistencies between water service and land-use planning instruments. Suggestions are proposed to enable the desired integration.Publication Integrando la gestión del riesgo de los incendios forestales y la planificación territorial:(2024) Gonzalez-Mathiesen, Constanza; March, Alan; Yunis-Richter, FranciscaEn zonas de interfaz urbano-rural expuestas a incendios forestales, es fundamental que la planificación territorial se adapte para integrar medidas de reducción del riesgo. Sin embargo, pocos estudios han examinado las interacciones históricas entre la gestión de incendios forestales y la planificación territorial, y cómo sus instituciones e instrumentos se han adaptado para aumentar su integración a través del tiempo. Por consiguiente, el objetivo de esta investigación es examinar la evolución del sistema de planificación territorial chileno en su incorporación de medidas para la gestión del riesgo de los incendios forestales. Se utiliza una estrategia de análisis cualitativo de estudio de caso. Se presenta una cronología de la planificación territorial chilena y su integración de los incendios forestales caracterizada en cinco períodos. Los resultados muestran progresivos esfuerzos para mejorar la manera en que la planificación territorial aborda los incendios forestales, sin embargo, éstos también evidencian que características del contexto histórico condicionan y limitan su capacidad de hacerlo. Esta investigación contribuye al entendimiento del sistema de planificación chileno y su relación con los incendios forestales, aportando a la discusión internacional sobre los factores que condicionan la integración de políticas de reducción de riesgo de desastres en diversos contextos.Publication A charter for fire-adapted settlements(2024) March, Alan; Gonzalez-Mathiesen, Constanza; Yunis-Richter, FranciscaUrban settlements in bushfire interface areas face many ongoing challenges that require integrated actions across jurisdictional boundaries and spatio-temporal scales. The Charter for Fire Adapted Settlements (CFAS) and its practice note have been developed as a relatively simple summary of key principles to achieve this. Its foundational principles can be used and adapted in a range of settings in Australia and internationally to understand risks, to develop or critique existing processes and to take action.Publication Modelling the vulnerability of urban settings to wildland–urban interface fires in Chile(2024) Aguirre, Paula; León, Jorge; Gonzalez-Mathiesen, Constanza; Román, Randy; Penas, Manuela; Ogueda, AlonsoWildland–urban interface (WUI) regions are particularly vulnerable to wildfires due to their proximity to both nature and urban developments, posing significant risks to lives and property. To enhance our understanding of the risk profiles in WUI areas, we analysed seven fire case studies in central Chile. We developed a mixed-method approach for conducting local-scale analyses, which involved field surveys, remote-sensing through satellite and drone imagery, and GIS-based analysis of the collected data. The methodology led to the generation of a georeferenced dataset of damaged and undamaged dwellings, including 16 variables representing their physical characteristics, spatial arrangement, and the availability of fire suppression resources. A binary classification model was then used to assess the relative importance of these attributes as indicators of vulnerability. The analysis revealed that spatial arrangement factors have a greater impact on damage prediction than the structural conditions and fire preparedness of individual units. Specifically, factors such as dwelling proximity to neighbours, distance to vegetation, proximity to the border of dwelling groups, and distance from the origin of the fire substantially contribute to the prediction of fire damage. Other structural attributes associated with less affluent homes may also increase the likelihood of damage, although further data are required for confirmation. This study provides insights for the design, planning, and governance of WUI areas in Chile, aiding the development of risk mitigation strategies for both built structures and the broader territorial area.Publication Resilience to wildfires:(2024) Gonzalez-Mathiesen, ConstanzaThis paper explores the elements influencing and conditioning spatial planning processes for changing their systems based on new wildfire information. The research was approached as an inductive qualitative research, using a multiple case study strategy: the Chilean and the Victorian (Australia) spatial planning systems. The analysis considered the barriers and facilitators for change (willingness, understandings, and capacities), and the stages of processes of knowledge development for changing the spatial planning systems (identification, reframing, and implementation). Based on a cross-case synthesis of the two case studies, analytic generalizations about spatial planning's ability to change its instruments and practices for dealing with wildfires, and elements conditioning this ability, are suggested in the form of theoretical propositions: three overarching propositions, broken down into ten propositions specific to the stages of the process of knowledge development and change. These provide applied understandings of spatial planning mechanisms and processes that hinder or contribute to changing their instruments for dealing with wildfires. Furthermore, they suggest that the success of knowledge development and change processes requires the acceptance and use of the willingness, understanding, and capacity dynamics. Ultimately, this research contributes theoretical and practical insights for promoting wildfire resilience via the planning and governance of cities.Publication Challenges in developing wildfire understanding from wildfire information through spatial planning processes(2024) Gonzalez-Mathiesen, ConstanzaThis paper aims to explore the elements that condition and limit spatial planning processes for developing wildfire understanding from wildfire information. The central argument of this paper is that spatial planning’s ability to develop wildfire understanding from new evidence and experience is critical for improving spatial planning systems to better integrate wildfire considerations to promote settlements’ resilience to wildfires. The research involved using an inductive qualitative research approach for two case studies: Victoria (Australia) and Chile’s spatial planning processes for developing wildfire understanding from wildfire information. Based on the analysis of the case studies and cross-case synthesis, key elements that challenge planning processes were identified, and herein, they are discussed in terms of four general categories of the process of knowledge development: (a) identification; (b) ‘co-generation’; (c) reframing; and (d) implementation. The study identifies that the Victorian and Chilean spatial planning systems often fail to give spatial planning meaning to new and dynamic wildfire information due to key elements that constrain the processes of knowledge development. This implies that new wildfire information often does not translate into improvements in the planning system, which in turn entails missing the opportunity to promote settlements’ resilience to wildfires.