Person: Melipillán, Edmundo Roberto
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Melipillán
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Edmundo Roberto
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Publication Improving anchoring vignette methodology in health surveys with image vignettes(2022) Hu, Mengyao; Lee, Sunghee; Xu, Hongwei; Melipillán, Edmundo Roberto; Smith, Jacqui; Kapteyn, ArieThe anchoring vignette method is designed to improve comparisons across population groups and adjust for differential item functioning (DIF). Vignette questions are brief descriptions of hypothetical persons for respondents to rate. Although this method has been adopted widely in health surveys, there remain challenges. In particular, vignettes are complex, increasing survey time and respondent burden. Further, the assumptions underlying this method are often violated. To overcome such challenges, this paper introduces an innovative technique, namely image anchoring vignettes, conveying vignette information with varying health levels in images. We conducted a cross-cultural experimental study to examine the performance of image and standard text vignettes in terms of response time, how well they satisfy the assumptions, and their DIF-adjusting quality using a confirmatory factor analysis. The study revealed that respondents can better differentiate the intensity levels of the three vignettes in the image vignette condition, compared to text vignettes. Response consistency assumption appears to be better satisfied for image vignettes than text vignettes. Using well-designed image vignettes greatly reduces survey time without losing the DIF-adjustment quality, indicating the potential of image vignettes to improve overall efficiencies of the anchoring vignette method. Improving vignette equivalence (i.e., minimizing different interpretations of vignettes by different groups), remains a challenge for both text and image vignettes. This study generates new insights into the design and use of image anchoring vignettes.Publication Contextualizing the revised Patient Perception of Patient-Centeredness (PPPC-R) scale in primary healthcare settings: a validity and reliability evaluation study(2025) Cai, Yiyuan; Guo, Pengfei; Tu, Jiong; Hu, Mengyao; Liu, Lingrui; Ryan, Bridget L.; Liao, Jing; Dev, Rubee; Li, Yiran; Huang, Tianyu; Wang, Ruilin; Kuang, Li; Huang, Ruonan; Li, Xinfang; Melipillán, Edmundo Roberto; Zhao, Shuaixiang; He, Wenjun; Wang, Xiaohui; Zhang, Nan; Xu, Dong (Roman)Background An English version of the Patient Perception of Patient-Centeredness (PPPC) scale was recently revised, and it is necessary to test this instrument in different primary care populations. Aim This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of a Chinese version of the PPPC scale. Design A mixed method was used in this study. The Delphi method was used to collect qualitative and quantitative data to address the content validity of the PPPC scale by calculating the Content Validity Index, Content Validity Ratio, the adjusted Kappa, and the Item Impact Score. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) were used to assess the construct validity of the PPPC scale through a cross-sectional survey. The internal consistency was also assessed. Setting/participants In the Delphi consultation, seven experts were consulted through a questionnaire sent by email. The cross-sectional survey interviewed 188 outpatients in Guangzhou city and 108 outpatients in Hohhot City from community health service centers or stations face-to-face. Results The 21 items in the scale were relevant to their component. The Item-level Content Validity Index for each item was higher than 0.79, and the average Scale-level content validity index was 0.97 in each evaluation round. The initial proposed 4-factor CFA model did not fit adequately. Still, we found a 3-factor solution based on our EFA model and the validation via the CFA model (model fit: , P < 0.001, RMSEA = 0.044, CFI = 0.981; factor loadings: 0.553 to 0.888). Cronbach's α also indicated good internal consistency reliability: The overall Cronbach's α was 0.922, and the Cronbach's α for each factor was 0.851, 0.872, and 0.717, respectively. Conclusions The Chinese version of the PPPC scale provides a valuable tool for evaluating patient-centered medical service quality.Publication School violence, school bonding and adherence to school norms and its Association with life satisfaction among chilean and foreign students(2024) Varela, Jorge; González, Constanza; Bravo‑Sanzana, Mónica; Melipillan, Roberto; Melipillán, Edmundo Roberto; Reyes-Reyes, Fernando; Reyes Reyes, Fernando Teddy; Pacheco Olmedo, DanielaIn recent years, there has been an increasing recognition of the importance of understanding the educational experiences of immigrant students, particularly in diverse societies like Chile. Immigrant students often encounter unique challenges related to language, culture, and social integration, which can significantly impact their perceptions of school norms, school bonding, experiences of school violence, and overall well-being. However, there is a limited understanding of the specific differences between Chilean students and immigrant students in these domains. This study aims to bridge this gap by examining the differences between Chilean and immigrant students in their perception of school norms, levels of school bonding, experiences of school violence, and well-being. The study used a sample of 2,040 high school students residing in Chile from 20 schools (Mage = 14.9; 49% girls; 11.3% youths of immigrant origin). Results indicated that non-Chilean students exhibited higher levels of behavioral norms and lower levels of bonding. No statistically significant differences were observed for school violence and well-being. Implications for the development of educational policies that promote strategies for the development of a positive school climate are discussed, conceiving the school from the perspective of diverse and inclusive classrooms, which allow for the enrichment of culture and promote the well-being of the entire educational community.Publication How authentic are assessments in vocational education? An analysis from Chilean teachers, students, and examinations(2024) Villarroel, Verónica; Melipillán, Edmundo Roberto; Santana, Javiera; Aguirre, DiegoAuthentic assessment promotes professional skills, bridging the gap between academic knowledge and real-world scenarios. Given the challenges faced by vocational education in Chile, there is a keen interest in assessment methods within both secondary schools and higher education institutions. A non-experimental quantitative design was employed. The methodological approach used was a cross-sectional survey. The study's sample included 244 students, 37 teachers, and a compilation of 905 questions sourced from written examinations. The findings reveal certain disparities in perspectives between teachers, students, and the examinations reviewed. On one hand, secondary vocational education teachers perceive the quality of assessments to exceed those of their counterparts in higher vocational education. Conversely, students in higher vocational education express a heightened sense of depth and engagement in their learning compared to their secondary vocational education peers. Upon examination of the assessments, it becomes evident that while written examinations are more prevalent in secondary vocational schools, these often involve open-ended and analytical inquiries. In contrast, higher vocational education institutions predominantly rely on closed-response questions that lean toward rote memorization. However, when these questions are open-ended, they are more oriented toward the transfer of knowledge compared to the secondary vocational education level. The level of realism is more pronounced in higher vocational education than in secondary vocational education. Both educational tiers exhibit gaps in attaining the principles of authentic assessment.Publication Preschool and school aggression: adaptation and validation of the preschool social behavior scale in Chile(2023) Varela, Jorge; Mujica, Paula; Melipillán, Edmundo Roberto; Benavente, Mariavictoria; Villacura, PaulaRecognizing aggressive behavior at an early age is vital to identify problematic trajectories that may increase the risk of behavioral and social adaptation problems at school and during adolescence. This requires scales capable of measuring this behavior. In this study, the Scale of Preschool Social Behavior (psbs) - Teacher Form was validated using a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (cfa) in a national context. We used a sample of 538 children and 12 educators from 4 kindergartens and 5 public schools in Santiago, Chile. The results revealed two main factors: aggression and pro-social behavior, similar to the original scale. This study contributes to the early detection of physical and relational aggression in the preschool stage through the development of reliable measurements that guide prevention programs.Publication Subjective well-being of vulnerable children in Chile: differences by gender and risk assessment(2024) Salazar-Muñoz, Miguel; Montserrat, Carmen; Alfaro Inzunza, Jaime; Melipillán, Edmundo RobertoIn recent years, research on subjective well-being in childhood and adolescence has gained importance at the international level. However, knowledge of the well-being of children whose rights have been violated and who are at risk of social exclusion is still scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the subjective well-being of children and adolescents receiving care in outpatient programs of the National Service for the Specialized Protection of Children and Adolescents of Chile, with emphasis on differences in gender and type of program (“Prevention”, “Recovery” and “Recovery + behavior”). The SLSS, OLS, PWI-SC, and Positive and Negative Affect Scale questionnaires were completed by 439 children between 10 and 18 years of age. By means of a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), it was observed that girls presented significantly lower subjective well-being in all well-being measures compared to boys. Significant differences were also observed at the program level, with children admitted to the “Prevention” program showing significantly greater well-being with respect to those admitted to the “Recovery” and “Recovery + behavior” programs. It is worth noting that children admitted to the “Recovery + behavior” program presented significantly low values of well-being. We discuss the need to highlight gender differences in designing and implementing programs for children and adolescents currently living in vulnerable situations. Also discussed is the importance of strengthening preventive programs to ensure that the risk factors underlying the violations of the rights of this group do not become chronic.