Browsing by Author "Blanco, Estela"

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    Asociación entre lactancia materna y resistencia a la insulina en adolescentes y adultos
    (Universidad del Desarrollo. Facultad de Medicina, 2020-12) Baeza Zamora, Ignacia; Cortés Ramos, Catalina Paz; Del Campo González, Mariana; Blanco, Estela
    Introducción: Debido al aumento de enfermedades como insulinorresistencia (IR) en adolescentes y jóvenes adultos, ha surgido la duda si la lactancia materna exclusiva (LME) puede ser un factor protector de las enfermedades cardiometabólicas Objetivo: Se analizó si la lactancia materna influye en la resistencia a la insulina en la edad de adolescentes y adultos jóvenes. Metodología: se utilizaron datos secundarios del estudio “Santiago Longitudinal Study” y se realizó un análisis descriptivo y bivariante, de las variables: tipo de lactancia (lactancia materna exclusiva, fórmula y mixta), duración de la LME e IR en adolescentes y jóvenes adultos. La hipótesis planteada fue que la lactancia materna funcione como factor protector contra el desarrollo de la IR. Resultados: El número de lactantes que participaron fue de 1.657. Un 20,1% tuvo LME ≥ a los seis meses. En adolescentes, no se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los tipos de alimentación, alteración de HOMA y glucosa >100 mg/dl. No obstante, en adultos jóvenes se presentó una alteración de un 5,2% de glucosa alterada en aquellos que fueron alimentados con LME y 3,0% en los que recibieron < 6 meses LME (p=0,48). Conclusión: La hipótesis planteada no fue comprobada.
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    Infant Feeding and Information Sources in Chilean Families Who Reported Baby-Led Weaning as a Complementary Feeding Method
    (2021) Quintiliano-Scarpelli, Daiana; Lehmann, Nicole; Castillo, Bárbara; Blanco, Estela
    Abstract: Baby-Led Weaning (BLW) is a new and emerging method of introducing complementary feeding in solid consistency, without the use of a spoon and entirely guided by the baby. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the BLW approach in relation to compliance with basic components and sources of information in Chilean families. Using a cross-sectional design, we assessed early nutrition, including breastfeeding and foods offered, maternal/child characteristics and sources of information on BLW among a non-probabilistic sample of mothers of children <24 months who reported practicing BLW (n = 261, median age = 28 years) in Chile. We found that 57.5% of mothers reported their child ate the same food as the family, 44.1% shared ≥3 meals with the family, 84.7% offered ≥3 foods at each meal and 75.6% reported only occasionally offering food with a spoon. The majority reported obtaining information on BLW from social media (82%). Moreover, 56% had offered cookies, 32% added salt and 9% sugar in the first 2 years. Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months related to higher odds of consuming family foods (OR = 2.45, 95% CI 1.24–4.84), while having received information from professional sources and social media related to lower odds (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.22–0.88 and OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.15–0.66, respectively). Those who had appropriate weight gain had lower odds of consuming ≥3 foods in meals (OR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.13–0.96). Among mothers who reported practicing BLW with their children, we observed a wide variety of feeding habits, sources of information and low compliance with the studied components. Eating the same food as the family was the most prevalent component and social media was the main source of information on BLW.
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    Nutritional and behavioral factors related to weight gain after bariatric surgery
    (2021) Palacio, Ana Cristina; Luna, Camila; Maíz, Cristóbal; Blanco, Estela;
    Background: Weight regain (WR) after bariatric surgery is common. Several factors involved in WR have been identified, but there has been little research on specific eating habits such as eating snacks rather than regular meals and being a “sweet-eater”. Aim: To determine whether nutritional status, energy and macronutrient intake, eating behaviors and habits were associated with WR in the postoperative period. Material and Methods: We conducted a case-control study of patients who had undergone bariatric surgery. Cases were defined as those patients who gained ≥ 15% of weight in the first two years after surgery and controls as those who gained < 15% of weight. Participants completed a 24-hour dietary recall by phone; weight history was obtained from the medical chart. Logistic regression was used to identify nutritional and behavioral factors significantly related to WR. Results: Fifty-four cases (77% female, 57% had undergone sleeve gastrectomy) and 50 controls (70% female, 58% had undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery) participated. Their mean age was 43 and 40 years, respectively. We observed four eating and lifestyle habits independently associated with greater odds of post-surgery WR, namely being a “sweet-eater”, a “grazer”, sedentarism and consuming more daily calories. Conclusions: Eating more daily calories, being a “sweet-eater”, a “grazer”, and sedentarism were factors related with a greater risk of regaining weight after surgery.

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