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Browsing Working Papers by Author "Amorós, José Ernesto"
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Item International entrepreneurial firms in Chile: an exploratory profile(School of Business and Economics, Universidad del Desarrollo, 2015-09) Amorós, José Ernesto; Etchebarne, María Soledad; Torres Zapata, Isabel; Felzensztein, ChristianThe internationalization of new small and medium-sized enterprises is a challenge for many developing countries, especially those with open economies and small internal markets like Chile. This study, in an exploratory way, analyzes some of the factors that determine how new ventures are oriented to international markets from their early-stages. This paper develops a model that integrates variables related to firm characteristics like industrial sector, competitiveness, and size of the firm with a degree of internationalization. The empirical analysis uses data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor´s (GEM) adult population survey carried out in Chile during the period 2007-2013 (n=4,208). An ordinal logit regression model was used to test the hypotheses. Descriptive results show that 12.8% of Chilean entrepreneurs in the sample have a relatively high tendency towards internationalization and that the factors related to competitiveness are significant in respect to this tendency. The size of the firm and the propensity to create employment are also significant. Practical implications are discussedItem Necessity or opportunity? the effects of State fragility and economic development on entrepreneurial efforts(School of Business and Economics, Universidad del Desarrollo, 2017-06) Amorós, José Ernesto; Ciravegna, Luciano; Mandakovic, Vesna; Stenholm, PekkaThis paper studies the effects of state fragility and economic development on necessity and opportunity-based individual entrepreneurial efforts. We contribute to the literature on the contextual determinants of entrepreneurship by examining multilevel data on 956,925 individuals from 51 countries for the period of 2005–2013. We show that state fragility has a positive effect on necessity-based entrepreneurial efforts while hindering opportunity-based efforts. Our findings illustrate that the level of economic development moderates the relationship between state fragility and necessity-driven entrepreneurial efforts reducing the likelihood of the latter. We discuss the implications for theory and for pro-entrepreneurship policyItem Regulations and Entrepreneurship: Evidence from Developed and Developing Countries(School of Business and Economics, Universidad del Desarrollo, 2014) Alvarez, Claudia; Amorós, José Ernesto; Urbano, DavidThis paper uses an institutional approach to examine the effect of regulations on entrepreneurial activity, comparing developed and developing countries. Through an unbalanced panel data set of 49 countries over the period 2001-2010 and using a combination of international databases we find a positive influence of government spending and entrepreneurship legislation on entrepreneurial activity. It was also found that regulations may have different impacts on entrepreneurship according to the country’s economic development. Thus, in developed economies unemployment legislation is positively related to entrepreneurship, while this relationship is negative in other cases. This paper offers new insights both from a conceptual perspective (advancing theory concerning the factors that influence entrepreneurial activity) and a practical viewpoint (for the design of government policies to foster entrepreneurship)