Maternal age effect and severe germ-line bottleneck in the inheritance of human mitochondrial DNA

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dc.contributor.authorRebolledo-Jaramillo, Boris
dc.contributor.authorSu, Marcia Shu-Wei
dc.contributor.authorStoler, Nicholas
dc.contributor.authorMcElhoe, Jennifer A
dc.contributor.authorDickins, Benjamín
dc.contributor.authorBlankenberg, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorKorneliussen, Thorfinn S.
dc.contributor.authorChiaromonte, Francesca
dc.contributor.authorNielsen, Rasmus
dc.contributor.authorHolland, Mitchell M.
dc.date.accessioned2019-07-11T00:53:47Z
dc.date.available2019-07-11T00:53:47Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.description.abstractThe manifestation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diseases depends on the frequency of heteroplasmy (the presence of several alleles in an individual), yet its transmission across generations cannot be readily predicted owing to a lack of data on the size of the mtDNA bottleneck during oogenesis. For deleterious heteroplasmies, a severe bottleneck may abruptly transform a benign (low) frequency in a mother into a disease-causing (high) frequency in her child. Here we present a high-resolution study of heteroplasmy transmission conducted on blood and buccal mtDNA of 39 healthy mother-child pairs of European ancestry (a total of 156 samples, each sequenced at similar to 20,000x per site). On average, each individual carried one heteroplasmy, and one in eight individuals carried a disease- associated heteroplasmy, with minor allele frequency >= 1%. We observed frequent drastic heteroplasmy frequency shifts between generations and estimated the effective size of the germline mtDNA bottleneck at only similar to 30-35 (interquartile range from 9 to 141). Accounting for heteroplasmies, we estimated the mtDNA germ-line mutation rate at 1.3 x 10(-8) (interquartile range from 4.2 x 10(-9) to 4.1 x 10(-8)) mutations per site per year, an order of magnitude higher than for nuclear DNA. Notably, we found a positive association between the number of heteroplasmies in a child and maternal age at fertilization, likely attributable to oocyte aging. This study also took advantage of droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to validate heteroplasmies and confirm a de novo mutation. Our results can be used to predict the transmission of disease-causing mtDNA variants and illuminate evolutionary dynamics of the mitochondrial genome.
dc.format.extent5 p.
dc.identifier.citationProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of The United States of America, 2014, Vol. 111, n° 43, pp. 15474-15479
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11447/2525
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1409328111
dc.language.isoen
dc.subjectMitochondria
dc.subjectHeteroplasmy
dc.subjectMutation-rate
dc.subjectRapid segregation
dc.subjectHeteroplasmy
dc.subjectMTDNA
dc.subjectFamilies
dc.subjectGenome
dc.subjectDrift
dc.subjectExplains
dc.subjectOocytes
dc.subjectCells
dc.titleMaternal age effect and severe germ-line bottleneck in the inheritance of human mitochondrial DNA
dc.typeArticle

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