Neural reflex regulation of systemic inflammation: potential new targets for sepsis therapy

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dc.contributor.authorFernández, Ricardo
dc.contributor.authorNardocci, Gino
dc.contributor.authorNavarro, Cristina
dc.contributor.authorReyes, Edison
dc.contributor.authorAcuña-Castillo, Claudio
dc.contributor.authorCortes, Paula
dc.date.accessioned2017-03-07T15:33:30Z
dc.date.available2017-03-07T15:33:30Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.descriptionCentro de Fisiología Celular e Integrativa
dc.description.abstractSepsis progresses to multiple organ dysfunction due to the uncontrolled release of inflammatory mediators, and a growing body of evidence shows that neural signals play a significant role in modulating the immune response. Thus, similar toall other physiological systems, the immune system is both connected to and regulated by the central nervous system. The efferent arc consists of the activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, sympathetic activation, the cholinergic anti-inflammatory reflex, and the local release of physiological neuromodulators. Immunosensory activity is centered on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, signals that are conveyed to the brain through different pathways. The activation of peripheral sensory nerves, i.e., vagal paraganglia by the vagus nerve, and carotid body (CB) chemoreceptors by the carotid/sinus nerve are broadly discussed here. Despite cytokine receptor expression in vagal afferent fibers, pro-inflammatory cytokines have no significant effect on vagus nerve activity. Thus, the CB may be the source of immunosensory inputs and incoming neural signals and, in fact, sense inflammatory mediators, playing a protective role during sepsis. Considering that CB stimulation increases sympathetic activity and adrenal glucocorticoids release, the electrical stimulation of arterial chemoreceptors may be suitable therapeutic approach for regulating systemic inflammation.
dc.format.extent9
dc.identifier.citationFront Physiol. 2014; 5: 489
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11447/1008
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00489
dc.language.isoen_US
dc.publisherFrontiers Research Foundation
dc.subjectsystemic inflammation
dc.subjectsepsis
dc.subjectreflex control of inflammation
dc.subjectcarotid body
dc.subjectvagus nerve
dc.titleNeural reflex regulation of systemic inflammation: potential new targets for sepsis therapy
dc.typeArtículo

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