Connexin and Pannexin-Based Channels in Oligodendrocytes: Implications in Brain Health and Disease

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dc.contributor.authorVejar, Sebastián
dc.contributor.authorOyarzún, Juan
dc.contributor.authorRetamal, Mauricio
dc.contributor.authorOrtiz, Fernando
dc.contributor.authorOrellana, Juan
dc.date.accessioned2019-08-13T16:12:52Z
dc.date.available2019-08-13T16:12:52Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.descriptionCentro de Fisiología Celular e Integrativa
dc.description.abstractOligodendrocytes are the myelin forming cells in the central nervous system (CNS). In addition to this main physiological function, these cells play key roles by providing energy substrates to neurons as well as information required to sustain proper synaptic transmission and plasticity at the CNS. The latter requires a fine coordinated intercellular communication with neurons and other glial cell types, including astrocytes. In mammals, tissue synchronization is mainly mediated by connexins and pannexins, two protein families that underpin the communication among neighboring cells through the formation of different plasma membrane channels. At one end, gap junction channels (GJCs; which are exclusively formed by connexins in vertebrates) connect the cytoplasm of contacting cells allowing electrical and metabolic coupling. At the other end, hemichannels and pannexons (which are formed by connexins and pannexins, respectively) communicate the intra- and extracellular compartments, serving as diffusion pathways of ions and small molecules. Here, we briefly review the current knowledge about the expression and function of hemichannels, pannexons and GJCs in oligodendrocytes, as well as the evidence regarding the possible role of these channels in metabolic and synaptic functions at the CNS. In particular, we focus on oligodendrocyte-astrocyte coupling during axon metabolic support and its implications in brain health and disease.
dc.identifier.citationVejar, S., Oyarzún, J. E., Retamal, M. A., Ortiz, F. C., & Orellana, J. A. (2019). Connexin and Pannexin-Based Channels in Oligodendrocytes: Implications in Brain Health and Disease. Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 13, 3. doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00003
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11447/2571
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2019.00003
dc.language.isoen
dc.subjectConnexons
dc.subjectOligodendrocytes
dc.subjectPannexons
dc.subjectHemichannels
dc.subjectGap junctions
dc.subjectDemyelinating neuropathy
dc.titleConnexin and Pannexin-Based Channels in Oligodendrocytes: Implications in Brain Health and Disease
dc.typeArticle

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