Levator ani muscle injury and risk for urinary and fecalincontinence in parous women from a normal population,a cross‐sectional study
Date
2019
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Article
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Abstract
Aims: To study possible associations between levator ani muscle (LAM) injury and urinary incontinence (UI) and fecal incontinence (FI) and possible associations between bladder neck descent (BND), urethral funneling, and UI.
Methods: A cross-sectional study of 608 women with first delivery in 1990 to 1997 assessed in 2013 to 2014. The Urinary Distress Inventory (UDI-6) and Colorectal Anal Distress Inventory (CRADI-8) were used to quantify symptoms (range, 0-100). The proportion of women with UI and FI was calculated. LAM injury, BND ≥25 mm, and funneling were diagnosed with transperineal ultrasound. Women with LAM injury, BND, and urethral funneling were compared to those without, using the Mann-Whitney U test (symptom scores) and multiple logistic regression analysis (UI and FI).
Results: Four-hundred ninety-three (81%) women had intact LAM and 113 (19%) had LAM injury. They had similar median (range) UDI-6 score 8.3 (0-75) vs 4.2 (0-62.5), P = .35, and CRADI-8 score 6.3 (0-78.1) vs 6.3 (0-62.5), P = .90. Three hundred eleven out of six hundred (52%) women had UI and 65 of 594 (11%) had FI. This was similar for women with intact vs injured LAM; UI 53% vs 49%, P = .67; FI 11% vs 12%, P = .44 and with and without BND; stress UI 42% vs 42%, P = .93; urge UI 29% vs 35%, P = .34. Stress UI was more common in women with urethral funneling (50% vs 40%), odds ratio 1.56 (95% confidence interval: 1.03-2.37), P = .04.
Conclusion: We found no associations between LAM injury and symptoms of UI and FI 15 to 24 years after the first delivery, but urethral funneling was associated with stress UI.
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Citation
Mathew S, Guzmán Rojas RA, Salvesen KA, Volløyhaug I. Levator ani muscle injury and risk for urinary and fecal incontinence in parous women from a normal population, a cross-sectional study. Neurourol Urodyn. 2019 Nov;38(8):2296-2302. doi: 10.1002/nau.24138.
Keywords
Fecal incontinence, Levator ani muscle, Pelvic floor, Ultrasound imaging, Urinary bladder, Urinary incontinence