Complete Sequence of the 22q11.2 Allele in 1,053 Subjects with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Reveals Modifiers of Conotruncal Heart Defects

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dc.contributor.authorZhao, Yingjie
dc.contributor.authorDiacou, Alexander
dc.contributor.authorJohnston, Richard
dc.contributor.authorMusfee, Fadi
dc.contributor.authorMcDonald-McGinn, Donna
dc.contributor.authorMcGinn, Daniel
dc.contributor.authorCrowley, Blaine
dc.contributor.authorRepetto, Gabriela
dc.contributor.authorSwillen, Ann
dc.contributor.authorBreckpot, Jeroen
dc.contributor.authorVermeesch, Joris
dc.contributor.authorKates, Wendy
dc.contributor.authorDigilio, Cristina
dc.contributor.authorUnolt, Marta
dc.contributor.authorMarino, Bruno
dc.contributor.authorPontillo, Maria
dc.contributor.authorArmando, Marco
dc.contributor.authorDi Fabio, Fabio
dc.contributor.authorVicari, Stefano
dc.contributor.authorvan den Bree, Marianne
dc.contributor.authorMoss, Hayley
dc.contributor.authorOwen, Michael
dc.contributor.authorMurphy, Kieran
dc.contributor.authorMurphy, Clodagh
dc.contributor.authorMurphy, Declan
dc.contributor.authorSchoch, Kelly
dc.contributor.authorShashi, Vandana
dc.contributor.authorTassone, Flora
dc.date.accessioned2020-09-11T15:09:12Z
dc.date.available2020-09-11T15:09:12Z
dc.date.issued2020-01
dc.descriptionCentro de Genética y Genómicaes
dc.description.abstractThe 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) results from non-allelic homologous recombination between low-copy repeats termed LCR22. About 60%-70% of individuals with the typical 3 megabase (Mb) deletion from LCR22A-D have congenital heart disease, mostly of the conotruncal type (CTD), whereas others have normal cardiac anatomy. In this study, we tested whether variants in the hemizygous LCR22A-D region are associated with risk for CTDs on the basis of the sequence of the 22q11.2 region from 1,053 22q11.2DS individuals. We found a significant association (FDR p < 0.05) of the CTD subset with 62 common variants in a single linkage disequilibrium (LD) block in a 350 kb interval harboring CRKL. A total of 45 of the 62 variants were associated with increased risk for CTDs (odds ratio [OR) ranges: 1.64-4.75). Associations of four variants were replicated in a meta-analysis of three genome-wide association studies of CTDs in affected individuals without 22q11.2DS. One of the replicated variants, rs178252, is located in an open chromatin region and resides in the double-elite enhancer, GH22J020947, that is predicted to regulate CRKL (CRK-like proto-oncogene, cytoplasmic adaptor) expression. Approximately 23% of patients with nested LCR22C-D deletions have CTDs, and inactivation of Crkl in mice causes CTDs, thus implicating this gene as a modifier. Rs178252 and rs6004160 are expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) of CRKL. Furthermore, set-based tests identified an enhancer that is predicted to target CRKL and is significantly associated with CTD risk (GH22J020946, sequence kernal association test (SKAT) p = 7.21 × 10-5) in the 22q11.2DS cohort. These findings suggest that variance in CTD penetrance in the 22q11.2DS population can be explained in part by variants affecting CRKL expression.es
dc.identifier.citationZhao Y, Diacou A, Johnston HR, et al. Complete Sequence of the 22q11.2 Allele in 1,053 Subjects with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Reveals Modifiers of Conotruncal Heart Defects. Am J Hum Genet. 2020;106(1):26-40. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.11.010es
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.11.010.es
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11447/3428
dc.language.isoenes
dc.publisherAmerican Society of Human Genetics by Elsevier Inc.es
dc.subjectCRKLes
dc.subjectDiGeorge syndromees
dc.subjectTBX1es
dc.subjectCchromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndromees
dc.subjectComplex traites
dc.subjectCongenital heart diseasees
dc.subjectConotruncal heart defectses
dc.subjectCopy number variationes
dc.subjectGenetic associationes
dc.subjectGenetic modifieres
dc.subjectHaploinsufficiencyes
dc.titleComplete Sequence of the 22q11.2 Allele in 1,053 Subjects with 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Reveals Modifiers of Conotruncal Heart Defectses
dc.typeArticlees

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