Flatfoot deformity consists of a loss of medial arch, hindfoot valgus, and forefoot abduction. Historically considered a posterior tendon insufficiency, multiple ligament damage and subsequent incompetence explain the different clinical presentations with varying degrees of deformity. When surgery is deemed necessary, depending on the apex of the deformity, skeletal and soft tissue procedures are considered to keep motion and restore function. Osteotomies are considered at every level where an apex of deformity is found. The recently designated tibiocalcaneonavicular ligament comprises the older superficial and deep deltoid and spring ligaments; its repair or reconstruction should be considered in most flatfoot cases.
To present the clinical and imaging results of a series of patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with vancomycin presoaking of the hamstring autograft compared with patients in the immediate period ...
There is a concern regarding which grafts should be used in combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and medial collateral ligament (MCL) reconstructions, with a paucity of recommendations focused on this specific ...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: As anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is becoming increasingly prevalent
in the population of active children and young adolescents, it is crucial to be aware of both the
modifiable and nonmodifiable ...
