Abstract:
The objective of this article is to describe the multiple entities that can affect and invade the inferior
vena cava. These can be either benign entities, but with an aggressive behaviour, or malignancies
that originate in the organs adjacent to this vascular structure, or in itself as a leiomyosarcoma. The
present review shows different examples in Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance, with
cases of angiomyolipoma, phaeochromocytoma, adrenal cortical carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma,
hepatocellular carcinoma, a retroperitoneal sarcoma and a leiomyosarcoma originating in the
inferior vena cava. Besides these, there are situations that may lead to diagnostic errors, such as the
flow artefacts and pseudolipoma.
