Person: Reyes Reyes, Fernando Teddy
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Reyes Reyes
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Fernando Teddy
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Publication Levels of Empathy in Students and Professors with Patients in a Faculty of Dentistry(2024) Díaz-Narváez, Víctor P.; Huberman-Casas, Joyce; Nakouzi-Momares, Jorge Andrés; Alarcón-Ureta, Chris; Jaramillo-Cavieres, Patricio Alberto; Espinoza-Retamal, Maricarmen; Klahn-Acuña, Blanca Patricia; Epuyao-González, Leonardo; Leiton Carvajal, Gabriela; Padilla, Mariela; Vilca, Lindsay W.; Reyes-Reyes, Alejandro; Reyes Reyes, Fernando TeddyBackground: Empathy is an attribute that plays an essential role in the dentist–patient therapeutic relationship, clinical care, and treatment adherence, along with providing other benefits. The main objective of this research was to establish the validity, reliability, and invariance of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy and then characterize the empathy levels of students and teachers at a dental school. Materials and Methods: An observational and cross-sectional study analyzed a sample of undergraduate students and professors from the Universidad Andrés Bello Faculty of Dentistry (Chile) (n = 1727 and n = 267, respectively). The Empathy Scale for Health Professionals (HP) and the same scale for students (HPS) were applied. Results: The Jefferson Empathy Scale presents adequate psychometric properties. The empathy measure has adequate reliability and construct validity, confirming a fit of the three-factor empathy model to the data. The measurement is invariant within the university campus, the sex of the student, and between teacher and student. Teachers present greater empathy than students except in the Perspective Adoption dimension. Conclusions: The Jefferson Empathy Scale is reliable, valid, and invariant among Chilean dental students and professors. Students do not differ from their professors in the cognitive component of empathy, but they present a lower score in the affective component and global empathy. It is inferred that students can develop the affective component of empathy in their interactions with their professors, increasing their overall empathy. Understanding and fostering empathy in dental students and professors can significantly improve patient care and treatment adherence and increase patient and dentist satisfaction.Publication Synergy between resilience and empathy in health sciences students: A cross-sectional study(2025) Díaz-Narváez, Víctor P.; Alonso Palacio, Luz Marina; Borja González, Juana; Rod, J. E.; De las Salas, Roxana; Alonso Cabrera, Jesús; Salcedo Salgado, Juan; Rodríguez Sanjuán, Alexander; Ríos García, Ana Liliana; Cano Barrios, Allison Elena; De la Cruz-Rocha, Edwin Rafael; Caro, Sara; Serrano Mariño, Dolores Vanessa; Ferreira Medina, Yanina; Hernández Bustos, Oscar E.; Espitia Nieto, Sandra; Hoyos De Los Ríos, Olga Lucia; Gamarra-Moncayo, José; Vilca, Lindsey W.; Reyes Reyes, Fernando Teddy; Reyes-Reyes, Alejandro; Cisneros, Ricardo; Velasco, Katherine; Carmona-Meza, ZenenBackground. Empathy is considered a key factor in patient satisfaction, treatment adherence, clinical outcomes, and professional fulfillment. Consequently, training health sciences students in empathy has become a priority in universities worldwide. However, empathy-focused interventions have not achieved the desired success due to the complex nature of empathy. Both internal and external factors shape and influence empathy. Resilience has been proposed as one such factor, but the association between these two concepts is poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the association between different dimensions of resilience and empathy in health science students. Methods. A Cross-sectional analysis evaluated the levels of empathy and resilience in 993 Medical, Nursing, and Dentistry students at Universidad del Norte using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Professions Students (JSE-HPS) and the Ecological, Engineering, Adaptation (EEA) Resilience Scale. Data were examined through univariate and multivariate normality analyses and descriptive statistics. To evaluate the theoretical structure of empathy and resilience, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on the three-dimensional models of each construct. Reliability was established using the Omega coefficient. Finally, structural equation modeling (SEM) with a robust maximum likelihood estimator was applied to analyze the association between resilience and empathy. Results. The normal distribution assumptions were largely met for empathy scale data, its respective dimensions, and individual items. The theoretical model was well-supported for both constructs, and the data suggested acceptable reliability. SEM analysis revealed that the association between empathy and resilience dimensions vary. Ecological resilience was positively correlated with all empathy dimensions while engineering and adaptative resilience were negatively correlated with all three dimensions of empathy. Conclusions. There is no universal effect of resilience on empathy. Designers of empathy-focused educational interventions and researchers should consider the potential differential effects of different dimensions of resilience on different aspects of empathy. In particular, focusing on ecological resilience may create the conditions for achieved empathy to be expressed, while strategies to mitigate the potential negative impact of adaptive resilience on empathy should be further explored.Publication Resilience and empathy in health science students(2025) Díaz-Narváez, Víctor P.; Sandoval, Mildred A.; Acosta-Martínez, Adán A.; Monterroza, Leida G.; Reyes Reyes, Fernando Teddy; Vilca, Lindsey W.; Reyes-Reyes, AlejandroIntroduction: To determine whether resilience dimensions are able to predict empathy dimensions based on individual resilience scores in a sample of health sciences students. Methods: The sample consisted of 1,093 students from the Faculty of Health Sciences of El Salvador. Descriptive statistics were estimated to characterize the sample and the prediction of the dimensions of resilience on those of empathy was estimated using structural equations. Results: It was found that the Engineering and Adaptive dimensions of resilience negatively predict the Adoption of Perspective and Compassionate Care dimensions of empathy, while the ecological dimension positively predicted the Adoption of Perspective and Compassionate Care dimensions of empathy. Conclusion: Individual resilience is a variable that can influence empathy and predict empathic behaviour in students from different careers or study programmes belonging to a Faculty of Health Sciences. These findings provide empirical evidence supporting the concept that empathy can be defined as a dependent variable regarding individual resilience. It is necessary to introduce training in resilience and empathy in a coordinated manner in the teaching-learning process in health sciences students.Publication Resilience as empathy predictor in nursing students(2025) Díaz-Narváez, Víctor P.; Madero Zambrano, Kendy; Fortich-Mesa, Natalia; Hoyos Hoyos, Vivi; Vilca Quiro, Lindsey W.; Reyes-Reyes, Alejandro; Reyes Reyes, Fernando Teddy; Gamarra-Moncayo, JoséObjective. To determine if resilience can predict empathy. Specifically, explain what would be the effect of the resilience dimensions on the dimensions of empathy in the nursing students examined in this study. Methods. Cross-sectional study with the participation of 340 nursing students from a private university in Colombia. Jefferson’s Empathy Scale (student version) and the Resilience-Trait Scale were used. The complete psychometry of the Empathy and Resilience scales was carried out, followed by the application of Structural Equations. Results. Ecological Resilience predicts negatively the dimensions of “Compassionate Care” (ß = -0.11) and “Walking in the patient’s shoes” (ß = -0.19); the Engineering Resilience predicts positively the dimension “Walking in the patient’s shoes” (ß = 0.08). Conclusion. Overall, resilience predicts empathy, thereby, introducing empathetic training of nursing students in the population studied must also include training in resilience.