Person: Salas Ibarra, Sofía Patricia
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Salas Ibarra
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Sofía Patricia
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Sofía Patricia Salas Ibarra
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Publication Knowledge, practice and communication barriers for oncology doctors in Chile when addressing the sexuality of their patients(2024) Rojas, Daniela; Micolich, Constanza; Goset, Karen; Salas Ibarra, Sofía PatriciaIntroduction: Communication in a doctor-patient relationship constitutes a crucial aspect in medicine, and its multiple dimensions encompass a wide variety of ethical issues. Communication is particularly relevant in oncology, because it requires continually dealing with sensitive topics in one of the most highly vulnerable situations as a human: illness and proximity to death. Sexuality is one of these topics because it constitutes an area that is frequently affected by cancer and cancer treatment, which may include causing significant distress, the reinforcement of a negative self-image, relationship conflicts and a permanent memory of having cancer. The objective of this research is to describe the perception of knowledge and communications practices used by oncology doctors with respect to sexual health in the care of their patients, as well as the barriers found when it comes to confronting the topic. Methods: An exploratory quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out, in which a self-administered questionnaire was given to oncology doctors who practise in Chile. This questionnaire had 41 closed questions with answers on a Likert scale and was previously validated by being reviewed and applied to a pilot group of five professionals (one medical bioethics expert and four doctors in the field of oncology). The data were analysed with the SPSS statistical program v. 20, using descriptive statistics. Results: The main results show that the surveyed doctors consider sexuality to be an important part of patients' quality of life. However, this finding does not align with the practices given for including it as part of clinical care. The professionals refer as the main barriers those that are attributed to the structural functioning of the institution, giving little value to those barriers related to personal aspects or those associated with patient characteristics and/or behaviors. Conclusion: The results of this study show that, despite oncology doctors seeing sexuality as an important aspect of the quality of life of their patients, they do not include the topic in clinical care. Given that one of the main barriers is obstacles relating to the institution, it is necessary to create political institutions that create the conditions for including this area as a relevant part of cancer patient care.Publication Sofrimento moral em residentes de medicina de universidades chilenas(2025) Jofré, Pamela; Vergara, Rodrigo; Suau , Thelma; Bastidas, Jaime; De la Barra, Diego; Salas Ibarra, Sofía PatriciaResumo O sofrimento moral, definido como o sofrimento que uma pessoa experimenta quando é obrigada a executar ações ou omissões que contradizem seus valores, tem sido descrito em todas as profissões da área da saúde e na formação delas, associando-se a consequências como despersonalização nos cuidados, baixa motivação no trabalho, questionamento vocacional e vínculo com o burnout. No Chile, tem sido pouco estudado e menos ainda em estudantes de medicina. Foi realizado um estudo observacional, descritivo e misto com internos de medicina de quatro universidades chilenas, por meio de um questionário distribuído eletronicamente, para conhecer sua frequência e principais fatores desencadeantes. Participaram 56 estudantes. Os resultados expressam a presença transversal de sofrimento moral nos estudantes das universidades exploradas. Destaca-se como principal fonte a dificuldade em obter o consentimento informado dos pacientes. Os resultados fornecem conhecimento útil para projetar programas educativos que abordem o sofrimento moral e suas principais fontes associadas. Abstract Moral distress, defined as the suffering a person experiences when forced to actions or omissions that contradict their values, has been described in all medical professions and related training, associated with consequences such as depersonalization in care, low motivation at work, vocational questioning, and in connection with burnout. In Chile, moral distress has been scarcely researched, and even less in medical students. This is an observational, descriptive and mixed research with medical residents from four universities in Chile using an electronically distributed questionnaire to study its frequency and main triggering factors. Participants included 56 students. The results show transversal occurrence of moral distress in students from the researched universities. The difficulty in obtaining informed consent from patients is noted as the main moral distress source. The results provide useful knowledge for designing educational programs that address moral distress and its main associated sources. Resumen La angustia moral, definida como el sufrimiento que experimenta una persona cuando se ve obligada a ejecutar acciones u omisiones que contradicen sus valores, ha sido descrita en todas las profesiones sanitarias y también en la formación de ellas, asociándose a consecuencias como despersonalización en los cuidados, baja motivación laboral, cuestionamiento vocacional y vinculación al burnout. En Chile, ha sido poco estudiada y menos aún en estudiantes de medicina. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y mixto en internos de medicina de 4 universidades chilenas, mediante un cuestionario distribuido electrónicamente, para conocer su frecuencia y principales factores desencadenantes. Participaron 56 estudiantes. Los resultados expresan la presencia transversal de angustia moral en los estudiantes de las universidades exploradas. Destaca como fuente principal la dificultad en obtener el consentimiento informado de los pacientes. Los resultados aportan conocimiento útil para diseñar programas educativos que aborden la angustia moral y sus principales fuentes asociadas.Publication The radiologist versus commercial medicine and potential ethical conflicts(2025) Salas Ibarra, Sofía Patricia; Micolich, ConstanzaThe medical profession has, as its primary interest, the well-being of the patient over economic, prestige, or any other interests, so the latter always correspond to secondary interests. However, we frequently see that the physicians’ financial relationships with the pharmaceutical and medical device industries constitute genuine conflict of interest that may jeopardize the health and well-being of the population, as well as the trust that society has in the medical profession. Given this scenario, in this article we will update the definitions for conflict of interest in clinical practice in general and in the field of radiology and imaging in particular; we will identify those areas where this is most likely to occur, such as requesting unnecessary examinations or carrying out management not based on the best evidence, those related to the way in which professional practice is organized, and also those related to clinical research. We will conclude with some recommendations for eliminating conflict of interest, or at least to managing them in a better way, thus preserving the autonomy and professional integrity of radiology specialists. La profesión médica tiene como interés primordial el bienestar del paciente por sobre el interés económico, de prestigio o cualquier otro, de modo que estos últimos siempre corresponden a intereses secundarios. No obstante, con cierta frecuencia vemos que las relaciones financieras de los médicos con la industria farmacéutica y de dispositivos médicos constituyen reales conflictos de intereses que pueden poner en riesgo la salud y el bienestar de la población, así como también la confianza que la sociedad tiene en la profesión médica. Dado este escenario, en el presente artículo actualizaremos las definiciones sobre conflicto de intereses en la práctica clínica en general y en particular en el ámbito de la especialidad de radiología e imágenes, e identificaremos aquellas áreas en las que es más posible que esto ocurra, como por ejemplo al solicitar exámenes innecesarios o realizar una gestión no basada en la mejor evidencia, aquellos relacionados con la forma en que se organiza la práctica profesional y también los relacionados con la investigación clínica. Finalizaremos con algunas recomendaciones para eliminar los conflictos de intereses o, al menos, poder manejarlos de mejor manera para así preservar la autonomía y la integridad profesional de los especialistas en radiología