Browsing by Author "Wang, Yilong"

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    Characterization of Patients with Embolic Strokes of Undetermined Source in the NAVIGATE ESUS Randomized Trial
    (2018) Kasner, Scott E.; Lavados, Pablo; Sharma, Mukul; Wang, Yongjun; Wang, Yilong; Dávalos, Antoni; Shamalov, Nikolay; Cunha, Luis; Lindgren, Arne; Mikulik, Robert; Arauz, Antonio; Lang, Wilfried; Czlonkowska, Anna; Eckstein, Jens; Gagliardi, Rubens; Amarenco, Pierre; Ameriso, Sebastián F.; Tatlisumak, Turgut; Hart, Robert G.; NAVIGATE ESUS Steering Committee and Investigators
    Background: The New Approach Rivaroxaban Inhibition of Factor Xa in a Global Trial vs. ASA to Prevent Embolism in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (NAVIGATE-ESUS) trial is a randomized phase-III trial comparing rivaroxaban versus aspirin in patients with recent ESUS. Aims: We aimed to describe the baseline characteristics of this large ESUS cohort to explore relationships among key subgroups. Methods: We enrolled 7213 patients at 459 sites in 31 countries. Prespecified subgroups for primary safety and efficacy analyses included age, sex, race, global region, stroke or transient ischemic attack prior to qualifying event, time to randomization, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Results: Mean age was 66.9 ± 9.8 years; 24% were under 60 years. Older patients had more hypertension, coronary disease, and cancer. Strokes in older subjects were more frequently cortical and accompanied by radiographic evidence of prior infarction. Women comprised 38% of participants and were older than men. Patients from East Asia were oldest whereas those from Latin America were youngest. Patients in the Americas more frequently were on aspirin prior to the qualifying stroke. Acute cortical infarction was more common in the United States, Canada, and Western Europe, whereas prior radiographic infarctions were most common in East Asia. Approximately forty-five percent of subjects were enrolled within 30 days of the qualifying stroke, with earliest enrollments in Asia and Eastern Europe. Conclusions: NAVIGATE-ESUS is the largest randomized trial comparing antithrombotic strategies for secondary stroke prevention in patients with ESUS. The study population encompasses a broad array of patients across multiple continents and these subgroups provide ample opportunities for future research.
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    Rivaroxaban for secondary stroke prevention in patients with embolic strokes of undetermined source: Design of the NAVIGATE ESUS randomized trial
    (Sage Publications, 2016) Hart, Robert; Sharma, Mukul; Mundl, Hardi; Shoamanesh, Ashkan; Kasner, Scott; Berkowitz, Scott; Pare, Guillaume; Kirsch, Bodo; Pogue, Janice; Pater, Calin; Peters, Gary; Davalos, Antoni; Lang, Wilfried; Wang, Yongjun; Wang, Yilong; Cunha, Luis; Eckstein, Jens; Tatlisumak, Turgut; Shamalov, Nikolay; Mikulik, Robert; Lavados, Pablo; Hankey, Graeme; Czlonkowska, Anna; Toni, Danilo; Ameriso, Sebastian; Gagliardi, Rubens; Amarenco, Pierre; Bereczki, Daniel; Uchiyama, Shinichiro; Lindgren, Arne; Endres, Matthias; Brouns, Raf; Yoon, Byung-Woo; Ntaios, George; Veltkamp, Roland; Muir, Keith; Ozturk, Serefnur; Arauz, Antonio; Bornstein, Natan; Bryer, Alan; O’Donnell, Martin; Weitz, Jeffrey; Peacock, Frank; Themeles, Ellison; Connolly, Stuart
    Background: Embolic strokes of undetermined source comprise up to 20% of ischemic strokes. The stroke recurrence rate is substantial with aspirin, widely used for secondary prevention. The New Approach riVaroxaban Inhibition of Factor Xa in a Global trial versus ASA to prevenT Embolism in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source international trial will compare the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban, an oral factor Xa inhibitor, versus aspirin for secondary prevention in patients with recent embolic strokes of undetermined source. Main hypothesis: In patients with recent embolic strokes of undetermined source, rivaroxaban 15 mg once daily will reduce the risk of recurrent stroke (both ischemic and hemorrhagic) and systemic embolism (primary efficacy outcome) compared with aspirin 100 mg once daily. Design: Double-blind, randomized trial in patients with embolic strokes of undetermined source, defined as nonlacunar cryptogenic ischemic stroke, enrolled between seven days and six months from the qualifying stroke. The planned sample size of 7000 participants will be recruited from approximately 480 sites in 31 countries between 2014 and 2017 and followed for a mean of about two years until at least 450 primary efficacy outcome events have occurred. The primary safety outcome is major bleeding. Two substudies assess (1) the relative effect of treatments on MRIdetermined covert brain infarcts and (2) the biological underpinnings of embolic strokes of undetermined source using genomic and biomarker approaches. Summary: The New Approach riVaroxaban Inhibition of Factor Xa in a Global trial versus ASA to prevenT Embolism in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source trial is evaluating the benefits and risks of rivaroxaban for secondary stroke prevention in embolic strokes of undetermined source patients. Main results are anticipated in 2018.

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