Browsing by Author "Villarroel, Luis"

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    Construcción y validación guía para las buenas prácticas de comunicación de riesgo durante crisis sanitarias
    (2024) Dois, Angelina; Fernández, Loreto; Martínez, Alejandra; Villarroel, Luis; Russo, Moisés; Sepúlveda, Dino; Bravo, Paulina
    INTRODUCCIÓN. La pandemia COVID-19 evidenció la necesidad de contar con estrategias de comunicación de riesgo efectivas y contextualizadas al territorio, para la toma de decisión informada de la comunidad. OBJETIVO. describir la construcción y validación por expertos de una Guía de Buenas Prácticas para Comunicación de Riesgo durante una crisis sanitaria (GBP-CR) en el contexto chileno. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS. Estudio multi método y de validez de constructo para los elementos de evaluación de la guía. RESULTADOS. Se construyó una GBP-CR que aborda contenidos teóricos sobre comunicación de riesgo (CR), institucionalización de la estrategia, su enfoque y análisis del contexto de implementación. Incluye recomendaciones para construir, transmitir y evaluar el mensaje para una CR efectiva y rúbricas para valorar tres aspectos centrales de los comunicados. CONCLUSIÓN. Se construyó la primera Guía de Buenas Prácticas para la Comunicación de Riesgo durante una crisis sanitaria basada en evidencia y ajustada a la realidad local. INTRODUCTION. The COVID-19 pandemic evidenced the need for effective risk communication strategies that promote informed community decision making. OBJECTIVE. to describe the construction and validation process by experts of a Guideline for Best Practice for Risk Communication during a health crisis (GBP-RC) in the Chilean context. METHODS. A multi methods study and validity study was carried out for the evaluation elements of the guideline. RESULTS. A GBP-RC was built that addresses central theoretical contents on risk communication (RC), ways of institutionalizing the strategy, its approach, and analysis of the implementation context. It includes recommendations on how to build, transmit and evaluate the message for an effective RC and rubrics to assess three central aspects of the CONCLUSION. The first Guideline for Best Practices for Risk Communication was built during a health crisis based on evidence and adjusted to the local reality
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    The relationship between knowledge of HIV, self-perceived vulnerability and sexual risk behavior among community clinic workers in Chile
    (2010) Cabieses, Báltica; Ferrer, Lilian; Villarroel, Luis; Tunstall, Helena; Norr, Kathleen
    Objective Testing the hypothesis of an association between knowledge and sexual risk behaviour (SRB) amongst community-clinic workers in Chile, explained by the confounding effect of self-perceived vulnerability to HIV. Methods A cross-sectional survey was analyzed; it was nested within a quasiexperimental study of 720 community-clinic workers in Santiago. The SRB score combined the number of sexual partners and condom use (coded as “high”/”low” SRB). Knowledge of HIV (a 25-item index) was coded as “inadequate”/”adequate” knowledge. Self-perceived vulnerability to HIV was categorised as being “high”/ ”moderate”/”low”. Control variables included socio-demographics, religiousness and educational level. Percentages/averages, Chi-square tests and logistic regression (OR-estimations) were used for descriptive, association and confounding analysis. Results Respondents were 78.2 % female, 46.8 % married and 67.6 % Catholic. Mean age was 38.9 (10.5 SD) and 69 % had university/diploma level. Self-perceived HIV vulnerability was “low” in 71.5 % cases. A negative association between knowledge and SRB was found (OR=0.55;CI=0.35–0.86), but self-perceived vulnerability did not have a confounding effect on this relationship. This relationship also persisted after being adjusted for multiple control variables (e.g. age, sex, type of primary centre, educational level, and religiousness). Conclusions Some community-clinic workers had inaccurate knowledge of HIV, which was associated with SRB. Self-perceived vulnerability did not have a confounding effect; however, future studies should further analyze occupational risk of HIV as a possible driving factor in health workers´ perception of their risk. Focused training programmes should be developed to enhance basic knowledge of HIV in this group

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