Browsing by Author "Veloso, Valentina"
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Item Asociación entre el biotipo facial y la clase esqueletal en pacientes entre 11 y 30 años atendidos en la Clínica de especialidades de ortodoncia UDD entre los años 2015 y 2020(2024) Consigliere, Valentina; Donoso, Magdalena; Veloso, Valentina; Finkelstein, Andrea; Ramos, JoséIntroducción: En ortodoncia, es importante la concordancia entre la clase esqueletal y el biotipo facial para establecer un buen diagnóstico y tratamiento, para corregir problemas de estética, dinámica mandibular y maloclusiones. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la asociación entre el biotipo facial y la clase esqueletal de paciente entre 11 a 30 años atendidos en la clínica de especialidades en ortodoncia de la Universidad del Desarrollo. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio transversal analizando la asociación entre biotipo facial y clase esqueletal de pacientes atendidos una clínica universitaria de especialidad en ortodoncia. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las frecuencias absolutas y relativas de las distintas categorías y sus combinaciones. La asociación estadística fue determinada mediante la prueba χ2. Resultados: Se incluyeron 290 participantes, 55,5% de sexo femenino, con una media de edad de 19,6 años. El biotipo más prevalente fue dolicofacial y la clase esqueletal fue clase II. En cuanto a la asociación 67 pacientes fueron clase II y dolicofacial, siendo la asociación más frecuente. Un 57,24 % no presento concordancia. Discusión: La normalidad en base al biotipo facial y clase esqueletal no fue predominante, esto se relaciona con problemas de maloclusión, estética y trastorno temporomandibular. La terapia interceptiva y la cirugía ortognática son opciones para tratar las anomalías dentomaxilares dependiendo de factores como la edad y severidad de la condición. Conclusión: el 57,24% de la población no presenta una concordancia entre biotipo facial y clase esqueletal, por lo que un correcto diagnóstico, planificación y plan de tratamiento son esenciales para obtener resultados favorables. Introduction: In orthodontics, concordance between skeletal class and facial biotype is important to establish a good diagnosis and treatment, to correct problems of esthetics, mandibular dynamics and malocclusions. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between facial biotype and skeletal class in patients between 11 and 30 years of age seen at the orthodontic specialty clinic of the Universidad del Desarrollo. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out analyzing the association between facial biotype and skeletal class in patients attending a university orthodontic specialty clinic. A descriptive analysis of the absolute and relative frequencies of the different categories and their combinations was performed. The statistical association was determined using the χ2 test. Results: 290 participants were included, 55,5% female, with a mean age of 19,6 years. The most prevalent biotype was dolichofacial and the skeletal class was Class II. As for the association 67 patients were Class II and dolichofacial, being the most frequent association. A 57,24 % did not present concordance. Discussion: Normality based on facial biotype and skeletal class was not predominant, this is related to malocclusion, esthetic and temporomandibular disorder. Interceptive therapy and orthognathic surgery are options to treat dentomaxillary anomalies depending on factors such as age and severity of the condition. Conclusion: 57,24% of the population does not present a concordance between facial biotype and skeletal class, so a correct diagnosis, planning and treatment plan are essential to obtain favorable results.Publication Características clínicas y radiográficas de reabsorciones radiculares externas(2024) Buchi-Velazquez, Agustina; Escobar-Torres, Daniela; Veloso, Valentina; Ferraro, NicolásINTRODUCCIÓN La siguiente revisión bibliográfica se realizó con el propósito de reconocer las características clínicas y radiográficas que deben ser evaluadas para el diagnóstico de las reabsorciones radiculares externas incluyendo también sus tratamientos. METODOLOGÍA Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda en las bases de datos MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library y Google Scholar bajo el término external root resorption, incluyendo estudios experimentales y revisiones bibliográficas desde 2010 a 2022 en español e inglés, incluyendo finalmente 17 artículos. RESULTADOS Los resultados obtenidos señalaron que cada tipo de reabsorción radicular externa presenta características clínicas específicas que las diferencian. Estas diferencias son: para la reabsorción externa inflamatoria la vitalidad pulpar negativa; para la reabsorción externa de reemplazo la ausencia de movilidad y percusión metálica; para la reabsorción externa cervical una coloración rosada de la corona; la reabsorción externa superficial no presenta ningún tipo de sintomatología clínica y la reabsorción de colapso apical transitorio presenta un cambio de coloración transitorio. CONCLUSIÓN Las reabsorciones radiculares externas requieren un diagnóstico preciso y temprano. Se debe realizar un examen clínico con énfasis en sondaje, coloración, movilidad y pruebas de vitalidadPublication Cocaine-induced oronasal communication of the midline of the palate: A case report(2025) Vergara, María Jesús; Cordero Escalona, Javiera; Veloso, ValentinaCocaine abuse poses a significant public health challenge, leading to severe systemic and localized complications. Intranasal cocaine use can result in chronic rhinitis, septal perforation, and palatal perforation due to its vasoconstrictive effects, which cause ischemia and tissue necrosis. We present the case of a 44- year-old woman with a 10-month history of palatal perforation, attributed to 12 years of chronic cocaine use, presented with nasal regurgitation, feeding difficulties, and cachexia. Examination revealed a 3 x 2 cm palatal perforation, nasal asymmetry, and a saddle nose deformity. Computerized tomography scans showed extensive nasal septum perforation and sinus mucosal thickening. Initial treatment involved antibiotics for sinusitis, followed by the fabrication of an obturator prosthesis to improve speech and feeding. The chronicity and extent of the palatal and nasal damage illustrates the severe consequences that can arise from sustained abuse. This case highlights not only the physical manifestations but also the challenges in managing such cases, emphasizing the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach. The integration of dental, otolaryngological, and psychological care is crucial for both immediate and long-term management. The main lesson from this case is the importance of comprehensive, patient-centered care that prioritizes stabilization and quality of life while supporting the patient’s path to rehabilitation. Provisional treatment with an obturator prosthesis can provide significant improvement in speech and feeding, providing a viable solution until the patient can maintain abstinence. Conservative management and prosthetic rehabilitation remain effective options, reinforcing the need for individualized, multidisciplinary care strategies.Publication Effectiveness of non-surgical periodontal treatment in people living with HIV: protocol of a systematic review(2024) San Juan, María; Quintana, Maximiliano; Veloso, Valentina; Ramos, JoséInfection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) poses a significant challenge to global health, profoundly impacting the quality of life of millions of people. Among the associated complications, periodontal diseases stand out due to their high prevalence and impact on the oral and systemic health of people living with HIV (PLWH). This systematic review aims to analyze the impact of non-surgical periodontal treatment in PLWH on quality of life, immunological status, and oral health outcomes. An exhaustive search will be conducted in multiple databases, complemented by a manual review of references. Comparative primary studies evaluating the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy in PLWH will be included. Data synthesis will be performed through a narrative synthesis and descriptive tables to address the expected heterogeneity in the results. The certainty of the evidence will be assessed using the GRADE approach. This review will provide crucial information to guide clinical and policy decisions and identify areas for future research in this field. La infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) constituye un desafío significativo para la salud global, con un impacto profundo en la calidad de vida de millones de personas. Entre las complicaciones asociadas, las enfermedades periodontales destacan por su alta prevalencia y su impacto en la salud bucal y sistémica de las personas viviendo con VIH (PVVIH). Esta revisión sistemática tiene como objetivo analizar el impacto del tratamiento periodontal no quirúrgico en PVVIH en desenlaces relacionados con la calidad de vida, estado inmunológico y salud oral. Se realizará una búsqueda exhaustiva en múltiples bases de datos, complementada con una revisión manual de referencias. Se incluirán estudios primarios comparativos que evalúen el efecto de la terapia periodontal no quirúrgica en PVVIH. La síntesis de datos se realizará mediante una síntesis narrativa junto con tablas descriptivas para abordar la heterogeneidad esperada en los resultados. La evaluación de la certeza de la evidencia se realizará utilizando el enfoque GRADE. Esta revisión proporcionará información crucial para orientar decisiones clínicas y de políticas, así como identificar áreas para futuras investigaciones en este campo.Publication Efficacy of platelet-rich-fibrin for the treatment of alveolar osteitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis(2025) Ávila-Oliver, Camila; Veloso, Valentina; Laissle, Germán; Rojas, Ana María; Verdugo-Paiva, Francisca; Ramos-Rojas, JoséBackground: This systematic review aims to provide an updated summary of the available evidence on the role of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in the treatment of alveolar osteitis. Material and Methods: Searches were conducted in several electronic databases, including PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) LILACS and ClinicalTrials.gov. No date or language restrictions were applied. Two reviewers independently evaluated eligible studies according to predefined criteria and extracted data using a standardized form. Meta-analyses were performed to estimate results and the certainty of evidence, using the GRADE approach, was assessed. Results: The search strategy yielded 1.706 references. Finally, 4 randomized trials were included and assessed quantitatively. Overall, the risk of bias was low for 75% of the domains reviewed across studies. The studies included a total of 179 patients, where the intervention group received PRF, and the control group received several treatment alternatives, including iodoform gauze, zinc oxide eugenol, and saline solution. Results showed that the use of PRF may decrease pain severity measured on day 3 (MD -1.66, CI 95%, -4.11 to 0.78) and on day 7 (MD -1.57, CI 95%, -4.00 to 0.88), and improves alveolar socket healing (SMD 2.25; 95% CI 1.70 to 2.80; p<0.00001; I2=12%). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrate that PRF improves alveolar healing, reduces analgesic use in patients, and likely increases overall clinical efficacy, making it a valuable alternative in the treatment of alveolar osteitis. Despite these findings, this review also showed a great degree of uncertainty on the impact of PRF on pain severity associated with alveolar osteitis. Although these results are promising, further randomized clinical trials with standardized methodologies must be performed to validate these findings.Publication Protocol for a systematic mapping review of surgical and pharmacological interventions for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia(2024) Ladevig, Dominga; Veloso, Valentina; Ávila-Oliver, CamilaINTRODUCTION Trigeminal neuralgia is a painful neuropathic disorder characterized by sudden electric shock–like pain that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Multiple treatment alternatives are available, including medical and surgical options but establishing the optimal course of action can be challenging. To enhance clinical decision-making for trigeminal neuralgia treatment, it is imperative to organize, describe and map the available systematic reviews and randomized trials. This will help identify the best treatment alternatives supported by evidence and acknowledge potential knowledge gaps where future research is needed. OBJECTIVE This systematic mapping review aims to provide up-to-date evidence on the different surgical and pharmacological treatment alternatives used for trigeminal neuralgia. METHODS A search will be systematically conducted on the Epistemonikos database to identify potentially eligible systematic reviews. Additionally, a search will be made in PubMed, CENTRAL, and EBSCO to identify randomized controlled trials assessing pharmacological and surgical treatment interventions for trigeminal neuralgia. Two independent reviewers will screen and select the studies. Data on the different treatment alternatives and reported outcomes in the included studies will be extracted using standardized forms. Following extraction, descriptive statistical methods will be used to analyze the data. The final output of this study will include an evidence map that will illustrate the connections between different treatments and their respective outcomes, providing a clear depiction of the evidence landscape. EXPECTED RESULTS This study expects to map, describe and assess the methodological quality of the available systematic reviews and trials on pharmacological interventions and neurosurgical procedures for treating trigeminal neuralgia. It will present the results in an evidence map that organizes the available evidence based on their different interventions and outcomes. This evidence map will serve as a visual tool to assist healthcare professionals and patients to understand evidence-based treatment options and their implications for managing this medical condition.