Browsing by Author "Valdés, Macarena"
Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
Results Per Page
Sort Options
Item A systematic review of socioeconomic position in relation to asthma and allergic diseases(European Respiratory Society, 2015) Uphoff, Eleonora; Cabieses, Báltica; Pinart, Mariona; Valdés, Macarena; Antó, Josep Maria; Wright, JohnThe role of socioeconomic position (SEP) in the development of asthma and allergies is unclear, with some pointing to the risks of low SEP and other research pointing in the direction of higher SEP being associated with higher prevalence rates. The aim of this systematic review is to clarify associations between SEP and the prevalence of asthma and allergies. Out of 4407 records identified, 183 were included in the analysis. Low SEP was associated with a higher prevalence of asthma in 63% of the studies. Research on allergies, however, showed a positive association between higher SEP and illness in 66% of studies. Pooled estimates for the odds ratio of disease for the highest compared with the lowest SEP confirmed these results for asthma (unadjusted OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.37-1.39), allergies in general (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.62-0.72), atopic dermatitis (unadjusted OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.61-0.83) and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (unadjusted OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.46-0.59). Sensitivity analyses with a subsample of high-quality studies led to the same conclusion. Evidence from this systematic review suggests that asthma is associated with lower SEP, whereas the prevalence of allergies is associated with higher SEP.Item Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and its association with heavy metals in children from northern Chile(2020) Muñoz, María Pía; Rubilar, Paola; Valdés, Macarena; Muñoz-Quezada, María Teresa; Gómez, Andrea; Saavedra, Marta; Iglesias, VerónicaIntroduction: Exposure to lead and arsenic has been associated with child behavior problems. In Arica, a northern city of Chile, the natural presence of arsenic in water has been registered. Also, the city has a history of heavy metals contamination of anthropogenic origin. The purpose of this study was to explore the association between the concentration of blood lead and urinary inorganic arsenic with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as reported by parents. Methods: Cross-sectional design with data analysis of 2656 children between the ages of 3 and 17 enrolled at the Environmental Health Center of Arica between 2009 and 2015. The diagnosis of ADHD was made based on the parents' response to questions about health history. Multiple logistic regression models were used to adjust for confounding variables. Results: The prevalence of ADHD was 6.4%. The means urinary inorganic arsenic and blood lead were 21 μg/L and 1.5 μg/dl, respectively. In the lead model adjusted for sex, age, housing material quality and exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke report; children with blood lead concentrations ≥5 μg/dl were more likely to develop ADHD [Odds Ratio (OR): 2.33 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.32-4.12)]. Regarding arsenic, the adjusted model revealed a higher chance of developing ADHD in the fifth quintile of exposure (OR = 2.02 IC 95% 1.12-3.61). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that exposure of children to lead and inorganic arsenic was associated with ADHD. This study provides additional evidence to existing literature regarding the potential role of toxic metals such as lead and arsenic in children's behavior. However, our findings should be interpreted with caution due to the limitations of the study.Item Informe de Sistematización del Primer Encuentro Participativo de Adolescentes y Jóvenes Migrantes en Salud(Ministerio de Salud de Chile, 2019) Santander, Sylvia; Leyton, Bárbara; Hasen, Felipe; Valdés, Macarena; D'Angelo, Cettina; Maureira, Paula; Gallegos, Alejandro; Obach, Alexandra; Cabieses, Báltica; Bussenius, Pascale; Sepúlveda, Camila; Correa, Eliana; Santander, Sylvia; Leyton, Bárbara; Hasen, Felipe; Valdés, Macarena; D'Angelo, Cettina; Maureira, Paula; Gallegos, Alejandro; Obach, Alexandra; Cabieses, Báltica; Bussenius, Pascale; Sepúlveda, Camila; Correa, ElianaEl presente documento corresponde a la sistematización del “1er Encuentro Participativo de Adolescentes y Jóvenes Migrantes en Salud”, organizado y convocado por el Programa Nacional de Salud Integral de Adolescentes y Jóvenes del Ministerio de Salud, desarrollado durante el mes de agosto del año 2019. En él se presenta el marco conceptual que guía el trabajo presentado; una revisión de literatura nacional e internacional sobre adolescentes migrantes y salud; la metodología desde la cual se llevó a cabo el encuentro de participación; los resultados de la encuesta aplicada al grupo de adolescentes participantes del encuentro; la sistematización de las entrevistas grupales realizadas durante el encuentro; y finalmente las recomendaciones que emanan a partir de los materiales recién enumerados.