DSpace Repository :: Browsing by Author "Tomicic, Alemka"

Browsing by Author "Tomicic, Alemka"

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Discourse-voice regulatory strategies in the psychotherapeutic interaction: a state-space dynamics analysis
(2015) Tomicic, Alemka; Martínez, Claudio; Pérez Ewert, J. Carola; Hollenstein, Tom; Angulo, Salvador; Gerstmann, Adam; Barroux, Isabelle; Krause, Mariane
This study seeks to provide evidence of the dynamics associated with the configurations of discourse-voice regulatory strategies in patient–therapist interactions in relevant episodes within psychotherapeutic sessions. Its central assumption is that discourses manifest themselves differently in terms of their prosodic characteristics according to their regulatory functions in a system of interactions. The association between discourse and vocal quality in patients and therapists was analyzed in a sample of 153 relevant episodes taken from 164 sessions of five psychotherapies using the state space grid (SSG) method, a graphical tool based on the dynamic systems theory (DST). The results showed eight recurrent and stable discourse-voice regulatory strategies of the patients and three of the therapists. Also, four specific groups of these discourse-voice strategies were identified. The latter were interpreted as regulatory configurations, that is to say, as emergent self-organized groups of discourse-voice regulatory strategies constituting specific interactional systems. Both regulatory strategies and their configurations differed between two types of relevant episodes: Change Episodes and Rupture Episodes. As a whole, these results support the assumption that speaking and listening, as dimensions of the interaction that takes place during therapeutic conversation, occur at different levels. The study not only shows that these dimensions are dependent on each other, but also that they function as a complex and dynamic whole in therapeutic dialog, generating relational offers which allow the patient and the therapist to regulate each other and shape the psychotherapeutic process that characterizes each type of relevant episode.
Episodios de Cambio y Estancamiento en Psicoterapia: Características de la comunicación verbal entre pacientes y terapeutas
(2012) Fernández, Olga; Herrera, Pablo; Krause, Mariane; Pérez Ewert, J. Carola; Valdés, Nelson; Vilches, Oriana; Tomicic, Alemka
Se presentan los resultados de un microanálisis de la conversación psicoterapéutica en Episodios de Cambio y de Estancamiento. Se realizó un análisis comparativo de la comunicación verbal en una muestra de 33 Episodios de Cambio y 34 de Estancamiento, correspondientes a 15 procesos terapéuticos, aplicando el Sistema de Codificación de la Actividad Terapéutica. Este sistema distingue cinco niveles de análisis: Formas Básicas, Intenciones Comunicacionales, Técnicas, Dominio y Referencia. Los resultados muestran que los Episodios de Cambio y Estancamiento se distinguen en cuanto a que, en los primeros, predomina un lenguaje más asertivo por parte del terapeuta y más receptivo en el paciente, estando ambos involucrados en la activa construcción de nuevos significados y el paciente centrado en sí mismo. En los segundos se rigidiza el lenguaje, se exacerban algunas técnicas por parte del terapeuta y se tiende a focalizar menos en el paciente como referente del diálogo terapéutico.
Mentalizing in psychotherapy: patients’ and therapists’ reflective functioning during the psychotherapeutic process
(2019) Cerda, Cecilia de la; Tomicic, Alemka; Pérez, J. Carola; Martínez, Claudio; Morán, Javier
There has been a growing interest in mentalization in clinical research given its relationship with normal and psychopathological functioning and its explanatory potential as a mechanism of psychotherapeutic change. This study uses the Reflective Functioning Scale (RFS) to identify and characterize mentalization manifestations in sychotherapeutic interaction. Method: the RFS was applied to a sample of relevant episodes — 44 sessions from five different psychotherapy processes carried out with adult patients who had different diagnoses. Results: we observed a higher probability of reflective functioning (RF) passages in relevant events than in neutral segments. There were no differences in the RF passages according to episode or actor type, but there were in RF Failures, which is more likely in patients and during rupture episodes. Discussion: although certain modifications are necessary, the RFS can be applied to clinical material, and it is a promising strategy for the study of mentalization within psychotherapy.
Reflective Functioning in initial Interviews of Psychotherapy: an Exploratory Study about the role of Mentalizing in the Therapeutic Interaction
(2017) Martínez Guzmán, Claudio; Tomicic, Alemka; Cerda, Cecilia de la; Rivera, María José; Salas, Carolina
Mentalizing allows to perceive and to interpret human behavior in terms of mental states. It has been operationalized as Reflective Functioning (RF) for evaluation, and is usually coded from an attachment interview. This study sought to determine types of mentalizing interventions that promote RF responses in the patient in a psychotherapy interview. Thirty interviews were analyzed with the RF scale to identify the therapist's actions associated with the RF in the responses of patients. It was observed that affective and relational questions facilitate a better level of RF in patients. Consideration of mentalization as a dynamic process is discussed and contextualized, and future research with this type of methodological approach is proposed.
The evolution of communicative intentions during change episodes and throughout the therapeutic process
(2012) Dagnino, Paula; Krause, Mariane; Pérez, Carola; Valdés, Nelson; Tomicic, Alemka
The present study examines the heterogeneity of the therapeutic process through the analysis of the conversation between therapists and clients in psychotherapy. The Communicative Intentions dimension of the Therapeutic Activity Coding System (TACS) was applied to 69 change episodes taken from 100 sessions that belong to five brief psychotherapies. Depending on what the participants are trying to achieve with their communication, the TACS distinguishes three types of Communicative Intentions: Exploring, Attuning, and Resignifying. Client and therapist verbalizations corresponding to these categories were analysed searching for differences between (a) both speakers, (b) initial, middle and final change episode stages, and (c) initial, middle and final phases of the whole therapeutic process. Results indicate that, in general, therapists resignify and attune more frequently, while clients explore more often. The analysis of Communicative Intentions within change episodes and during the whole therapeutic process reveals that there is an evolution in both: Even small therapy segments, as change episodes are, show that the process is not homogeneous, since in initial stages, the use of Exploring is more frequent than the use of Resignifying, especially for clients, while during the end of the episode clients and therapists increase their use of Resignifying. The analysis of the whole process confirms that Resignifying surpasses the use of Exploring in the final phases of therapy.
Therapeutic Link: Approach from Dialogue and Co-Construction of Meaning
(2013) Molina, María Elisa; Ben-Dov, Perla; Diez, María Inés; Farran, Angela; Rapaport, Ety; Tomicic, Alemka
This article deals with the study of therapeutic relation from a dialogical and micro-level perspective. The aim is to describe this dynamics of the ongoing experience, its construction and its relationship with the psychological elaboration that takes place. The verbal interchanges observed through semiotic analysis are the study object. The article illustrates the analysis through an extract of a psychotherapeutic session. The bond is developed through dynamics of positioning of partners in dialogue around dialectic fields of meaning where dynamics of tension, ambivalence and opposition emerge. These dynamics are part of the intersubjective process, which can be redirected from each participant, having the culture a key role in the process.
Verbal and nonverbal expressions of mutual regulation in relevant episodes of psychotherapy
(2016) Morán, Javier; Martínez, Claudio; Tomicic, Alemka; Pérez Ewert, J. Carola; Krause, Mariane; Guzmán, Marcela
The purpose of this paper is to describe verbal and nonverbal expressions of mutual regulation between patients and therapists through the analysis of relevant episodes of five psychotherapy processes. Microanalyses of discourse, vocal quality and facial expression of emotions were conducted on both patients and therapists in 67 Episodes of Change and 86 Episodes of Rupture of the Therapeutic Alliance. The analyses were carried out using hierarchical regression, showing that both Episodes of Change and Episodes of Rupture correspond to interactional scenarios where patients and therapists use different forms of speech, vocal qualities and facial expressions that account for specific regulation processes which are coherent with such scenarios.
Vínculo Terapéutico: Aproximación desde el diálogo y la co-construcción de significados
(2013) Molina, María Elisa; Ben-Dov, Perla; Diez, María Inés; Farrán, Ángela; Rapaport, Ety; Tomicic, Alemka
El artículo aborda el estudio de la relación terapéutica desde una perspectiva dialógica y de micro-proceso. El propósito del estudio es describir esta dinámica, en la experiencia en curso, su proceso de construcción y su relación con la elaboración psicológica llevada a cabo. El objeto de estudio son intercambios verbales, observados a través de análisis semiótico. El artículo ilustra este análisis tomando un extracto de sesión psicoterapéutica. El vínculo se desarrolla a través de dinámicas de posicionamiento de los actores en el diálogo, en torno a campos dialécticos de significados, donde se genera tensión, ambivalencia y oposición. Estas dinámicas son parte del proceso intersubjetivo, el cual puede ser redireccionado desde cada participante, teniendo la cultura un rol preponderante en este proceso.
Vocalization---Silence Dynamic Patterns: A system for measuring coordination in psychotherapeutic dyadic conversations
(2016) Tomicic, Alemka; Pérez Ewert, J. Carola; Martínez, Claudio; Rodríguez, Eugenio
This paper presents the Vocalization---Silence Dynamic Patterns (VSDP) method for the analysis of coordination in psychotherapeutic conversation. The objectives of its development are to empirically account for vocal coordination patterns in dialogs and to examine the association between interactional coordination and positive relational outcomes. The VSDP method makes it possible to demonstrate that vocal activity is a nonverbal phenomenon entwined with and which influences the linguistic code. The analyses which can be carried out through this method are illustrated with real acoustic signals taken from psychotherapy segments. The VSDP method is discussed, considering its usefulness for psychotherapeutic research as well as the study of dyadic conversation within other scenarios.

Browsing by Author "Tomicic, Alemka"

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