Browsing by Author "Tenorio, Marcela"
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Publication Standardization and diagnostic utility of the Frontal Assessment Battery for healthy people and patients with dementia in the Chilean population(2022) Grandi, Fabrissio; Martínez, David; Parra, Mario; Olavarria, Loreto; Huepe, David; Alegría, Patricia; Aliaga, Álvaro; Lillo, Patricia; Delgado, Carolina; Tenorio, Marcela; Rosas, Ricardo; López, Oscar; Becker, James; Slachevsky Chonchol, AndreaThe Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) is a screening test that measures executive functions. Although this instrument has been validated in several countries, its diagnostic utility in a Chilean population has not been studied yet. Objectives: This study aimed to (1) adapt FAB in a Chilean population; (2) study the psychometric properties of the FAB in a Chilean population; (3) assess the sociodemographic influence in the performance of the FAB in a sample of healthy controls (HC); and (4) develop normative data for this healthy group. Methods: A HC (n=344) and a group of patients with dementia (n=156) were assessed with the Chilean version of FAB. Results: FAB showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.79) and acceptable validity based on the relationship with other variables. Factor analysis showed the unidimensionality of the instrument. Significant differences were found in the total FAB value between the HC and dementia groups. With the matched sample, the established cutoff point was 13.5, showing a sensitivity of 80.8% and a specificity of 90.4%. Regression analysis showed that education and age significantly predicted FAB performance in the healthy group. Finally, normative data are provided. Conclusions: This study shows that FAB is a useful tool to discriminate between healthy people and people with dementia. However, further studies are needed to explore the capacity of the instrument to characterize the dysexecutive syndrome in people with dementia in the Chilean population.Item Traditional Assessment or Invisible Assessment Using Games? New Frontiers in Cognitive Assessment.(2015) Rosas, Ricardo; Ceric, Francisco; Aparicio, Andrés; Arango, Paulina; Arroyo, Rodrigo; Benavente, Catalina; Escobar, Pablo; Olguín, Polín; Pizarro, Marcelo; Ramírez, María Paz; Tenorio, MarcelaThis paper addresses the problem of anxiety related to traditional assessment, which can affect assessment outcomes and underestimate the performance of subjects. Invisible assessment makes it possible to evaluate subjects without making them feel like they are being evaluated. Invisible evaluation tests were developed for touch screen tablets for 3 cognitive domains: intelligence, calculation, and reading. These tests were applied to 337 children from kindergarten through third grade, who attended 3 mixed-funding schools in Santiago, Chile. The schools were convenience sampled and all the children whose parents signed the informed consent form were included. The final sample was randomly distributed among the domains. Correlations between traditional assessment tests and invisible assessment tests were observed. Children reported a preference for invisible assessment over traditional assessment. Subjects with low academic performance obtained better scores on invisible assessment tests than on traditional tests, according to a mixed factors analysis of variance. These findings suggest that it is possible to assess cognitive domains with nontraditional instruments and that they can reveal the real academic performance of subjects.