Browsing by Author "Sieverson, Catalina"
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Item Alcohol’s impact on children and families. A population survey(2016) Florenzano, Ramón; Echeverría, Angela; Sieverson, Catalina; Barr, Michelle; Fernández, MiguelIntroduction: Alcohol is widely used among young families, and leisure time is frequently family time. Heavy alcohol consumption can adversely affect children. The objective of this work is to measure the harm to others in Chile. Subjects and method: This descriptive and probabilistic study forms part of a collaborative research funded by Thai Health and WHO. The survey was adapted by co-researchers and applied to a nationally representative sample of 1500 Chileans over 18 years of age. Results: A total of 408 respondents (27.2%) lived with children at home. Of this total, 10.5% felt that the use of alcohol by any member of the family had adversely affected a child. The most common adverse effects were verbal violence (29.7%), domestic violence (23.1%), unsupervised homes (18.7%), lack of money to provide basic needs of the child (14.3%), and physical violence (7.7%). Furthermore, in 6.6% of the cases child or family services agencies became involved. In almost half of the cases (46.3%), the drinker was the father, mother or step-parents. This was followed by other relatives (24.4%) and brothers (4.9%), or guardian of the child (2.4%). Conclusion: These data support the clinical observation that alcohol is common in Chilean homes. Its consumption not only damages the physical and mental health of the drinker but also those around him. Verbal violence and witnessing serious physical violence are frequent issues, as well as economic problems that end up with the inability to provide the child with its basic needs. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Espana, S. L. U. on behalf of Sociedad Chilena de Pediatria.Item La espiritualidad y religiosidad como factor protector en mujeres depresivas con riesgo suicida: consenso de expertos(2011) Taha, Nicole; Florenzano, Ramón; Sieverson, Catalina; Aspillaga H., Carolina; Alliende, LucíaThis document presents the expert consensus produced by a working meeting in Santiago de Chile during 2010 about “The Spirituality and Religiosity as a protective factor in depressive women with Suicidal Risk”. The consensus followed the steps suggested by Delphi methodology. Its results are organized in five areas referent to spiritual/religious interventions: a) setting, b) counselor training, c) elements, d) subjects covered, e) stages. The experts consulted concluded that spiritual and religious aspects need to be considerate in each case, and that in believers can improve progress and prevent relapses at suicidal risk. However in some cases religious can increase the amounts of fault, amplifying the severity and complicating the evolution.Item ¿Qué elementos se incorporan en las evaluaciones de la espiritualidad y religiosidad? Una revisión de instrumentos validados(2016) Sieverson, Catalina; Evans, Vanessa; Florenzano, Ramón; Fernández, LoretoNumerosas investigaciones han descrito la relación entre elementos espirituales y religiosos y salud mental, como también la necesidad de incluirlos en la práctica clínica. Sin embargo, las comprensiones de espiritualidad y religiosidad han variado durante las últimas décadas y así también sus formas de evaluación. En este artículo se presenta una revisión de la literatura disponible acerca de instrumentos para evaluar elementos espirituales y religiosos en población general y clínica. La búsqueda se realizó por medio de metabuscadores, según los criterios de inclusión y exclusión planteados por Monod et al. (2011) en una revisión similar. Resultados. 23 instrumentos cumplieron con los criterios requeridos, 10 de los cuales fueron diseñados para población general y 13 para poblaciones clínicas o grupos específicos. El número de instrumentos existentes ha aumentado en los últimos años, todos están disponibles en inglés y fueron diseñados para poblaciones adultas. No se encontraron escalas validadas en español, ni para población chilena en los últimos 20 años. Existen más instrumentos que evalúan la espiritualidad por sobre la religiosidad y, además, se evidencia una estrecha relación entre los conceptos de espiritualidad y bienestar subjetivo. Conclusiones. El interés por evaluar e investigar los elementos ER y su relación con la salud y el bienestar general por medio de instrumentos estandarizados mantiene plena vigencia. Sin embargo, las concepciones de espiritualidad y religiosidad, y su relación con el bienestar general, se han ido estrechando, hecho que se evidencia en las formas de evaluación desarrolladas más recientemente.Item Suicidal risk, depression, and religiosity: A study of women in a general hospital in Santiago de Chile(2014) Florenzano, Ramón; Rodríguez T., Jorge; Sieverson, Catalina; Cataldo, Eny; Pastorino, Sol; Fernández, LoretoThe purpose of the present study is to compare the role of spiritual and religious beliefs in the prevention of suicidal risk among depressive women with suicidal ideation or attempts, treated in the psychiatric unit of a general hospital in Santiago de Chile (Servicio de Psiquiatría del Hospital del Salvador) between 2010 and 2011. The relationship among severity of depression, suicidal risk, and religiosity is explored in women treated in Servicio de Psiquiatría del Hospital del Salvador. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of believers (n = 121) and nonbelievers (n = 22) were compared, and their global mental health was assessed, as well as their rating in scales for depression, anxiety, aggressivity, and impulsivity. Most of the patients self-reported to belong to Catholic or other Christian churches. There were few statistically significant differences between them and nonbelievers, who were younger, had more years of education, were more frequently employed, and lived alone or with their parents. When comparing the least religious and the most religious quartiles, there were no differences in the type of affective disorder, attendance to temples, or self-appraisal of religiosity. Nonbelievers had more history of previous suicidal attempts and had more relatives committing suicide. In a country where most of the population is believer, self-reported religiosity seems to have a nonsignificant association with suicidality and severity of depression. Our results could be biased given the small number of nonbelievers in the sample.Item The harm to others from drinking. A population study [Daño a terceros producido por el alcohol: Resultados de un estudio poblacional en Chile](2015) Florenzano, Ramón; Guzmán Astete, Eugenio; Sieverson, Catalina; Castillo-Carniglia, Álvaro; Fernández, Miguel Angel; Echeverría, Ángela; Barr, MichelleAlcohol can harm both drinkers and their human environment. Most of research in Chile has focused on the drinker. This work focuses on the damage to others. Governmental expenditures due to drinking are estimated to quadruple the income earned through taxation. Aim: To report the results of a population survey conducted in Chile in 2013 to assess the harm done to others from drinking by a known or unknown drinker. Material and Methods: A household survey of a sample of 1500 subjects living in urban areas, predominantly over 50.000 inhabitants, was conducted by trained interviewers. Results: A significant number of respondents reported that the effect of alcohol consumption by third parties was somewhat (18.7%) or very negative (14.8%). The most frequent negative effects were verbal abuse (37.4%), being bullied (17.4%), feeling fearful at home or in a private meeting (19.6%) and family problems (16.9%). Conclusions: About one third of Chileans surveyed have suffered negative effects due to alcohol consumption of a known or unknown drinker. This finding signals the need of designing public policies addressed to minimize or prevent collateral effects of drinking.