Browsing by Author "Salinas, Ricardo"

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    Prevalencia de patología oftalmológica en prematuros menores de un año de edad
    (2012) López, Juan Pablo; Ossandón, Diego; Denk, Oliver; Stevenson, Ricardo; Agurto, Ricardo; Uauy, Andrés; Salinas, Ricardo; Pérez, Marcelo; Cox, Horacio; Maturana, Andrés; Elías, Soledad
    Reportar hallazgos oftalmológicos en niños prematuros examinados antes del año de edad gestacional corregida (EGC). Pacientes y Método: Revisión retrospectiva de fichas clínicas de una serie de prematuros ([peso nacimiento (PN) ≤ 1 500 g y/o ≤ 32 sem edad gestacional (EG)] nacidos en CAS entre 2006-2009, examinados antes del año de EGC. Se consignó EG, PN, antecedente de retinopatía del prematuro (ROP), EGC al examen, refracción, anisometropía y estrabismo. Resultados: De 149 prematuros nacidos en el período, 100 tuvieron examen oftalmológico antes del año de edad (67,14%); el promedio de EG y PN fue 29,3 (rango 23- 36) semanas y 1217 (343-2190) g, respectivamente. El 29% presentó ROP, requiriendo tratamiento el 4%. La EGC promedio al examen oftalmológico fue 6,4 (3-11,5) meses. El equivalente esférico fue +1,34D (-1,75 a +5,75), presentando anisometropía >1D el 2,2%(95% IC, -0,82-5,26). El 3,3%(95% IC, -0,38-7,04) presentaba indicación de lentes según recomendaciones internacionales y el 4%(95% IC, 0,16-7,84) presentó estrabismo. Conclusiones: La baja prevalencia de factores de riesgo para ambliopía detectada en esta cohorte comparada con la reportada para prematuros con ROP severa podría explicarse por la baja prevalencia de ésta última en la presente serie.
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    The Impact of an Interactive Guidance Intervention on Sustained Social Withdrawal in Preterm Infants in Chile: Randomized Controlled Trial
    (2022) Bustamante, Jorge; Pérez, Marcela; Mendiburo, Andrés; Claude, Antoine; Salinas, Ricardo; Muñoz , Lucia; Cox, Horacio; González, José; Simó, Sandra; Morgues, Mónica
    Background: Sustained social withdrawal is a key indicator of child emotional distress and a risk factor for psychological development. Preterm infants have a higher probability of developing sustained social withdrawal than infants born full-term during their first year. Objective: To compare the effect of a behavioral guidance intervention to that of routine pediatric care on sustained social withdrawal behavior in preterm infants. Design: Multicenter randomized clinical trial. Participants: Ninety nine moderate and late preterm newborns and their parents were recruited and randomized into two groups, i.e., Intervention (n = 49) and Control (n = 50). Both groups attended medical check-ups at 2, 6 and 12 months and were assessed with the Alarm Distress Baby Scale. The intervention group received a standardized behavioral intervention if the neonatologist detected sustained social withdrawal. Also, parents filled out the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, the modified-Perinatal Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Questionnaire, and the Impact of Event Scale-revised. Results: At baseline, the prevalence of withdrawal was 4.0% (95% CI: 0.03-14.2) for the control group and 22.4% (95% CI: 13.0-35.9) for the intervention group [OR = 0.22, p = 0.028 (95% CI =0.06-0.84)]. At 6 months, the prevalence was 10.0% (95% CI: 3.9-21.8) for the control group and 6.1% (95% CI: 2.1-16.5) for the intervention group [OR = 2.09, p = 0.318 (95% CI = 0.49-8.88)]. At 12 months, the prevalence was 22.0% (95% CI: 12.8-35.2) for the control group and 4.1% (95% CI: 1.1-13.7) for the intervention group [OR = 6.63, p = 0.018 (95% CI = 1.39-31.71)]. Logistic generalized estimating equation models were performed. The pooled crude OR (considering diagnosis at 6 and 12 months) was 3.54 [p = 0.022 (95% CI = 1.20-10.44); Cohen's d= 0.70]. In the case of pooled adjusted OR, the model considered diagnosis (0 = Withdrawal, 1 = Normal) as the dependent variable, time of evaluation (1= 6 months, 2 = 12 months) and group (0 = Control, 1 = Experimental) as factors. In this case, the pooled adjusted OR was 3.57 [p = 0.022 (95% CI = 1.20-10.65); Cohen's d = 0.70]. Conclusion: Assessment and intervention of sustained social withdrawal in preterm infants via standardized instruments benefits families by reducing its prevalence, and possible associated negative outcomes. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03212547, identifier: NCT03212547.

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