Browsing by Author "Salas, Claudio"

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    Manejo actual de las metástasis vertebrales: un trabajo en equipo
    (2021) Silva, Álvaro; Bravo, Oscar; Salas, Claudio; Yurac, Ratko; Valencia, Javiera; Goset, Karen; Harbst, Hans; Córdova, Andrés
    La enfermedad metastásica vertebral es frecuente en los pacientes con cáncer avanzado, y conlleva a complicaciones inherentes a su progresión, como lo son la fractura patológica vertebral y la compresión neural metastásica. Se realizó una revisión de los aspectos terapéuticos actuales del manejo de la progresión y de las complicaciones de la enfermedad metastásica vertebral, enfatizando su enfrentamiento sistémico y personalizado. Nuestro objetivo principal es proporcionar información sobre el tratamiento actual de esta afección y la utilidad del manejo sistémico y multidisciplinario.
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    Nutritional assessment by subjective methods versus computed tomography to predict survival in oncology patients
    (2021) Geldern, Paula Von; Salas, Claudio; Alvayay, Pablo; Silva, Claudio; Maza, Maria Pía de la
    Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze the association between survival and two validated methods of nutritional assessment: body composition through computed tomography (CT) scans and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). Methods Cancer-bearing patients (n = 103) hospitalized in the Oncology Ward of Clínica Alemana in Santiago, Chile, for palliative or curative treatment were assessed by both methods. Images from abdominal CT scans at the L3 level were analyzed by SliceOmatic (version 5.0), to measure muscle and fat areas and densities. Skeletal muscle mass index (MMI) was calculated using total abdominal mass area (psoas + rest of muscles)/ height2. These were compared with those obtained for assessment of trauma of 130 healthy young adults (18–40 y of age), as reference control values. Sarcopenia was established as MMI<1 SD compared with control participants. Results Patients with cancer had less muscle and higher abdominal fat areas compared with controls (P < 0.05). According to the PG-SGA, ~50% were classified as malnourished. Patients were followed for 38 mo, when 53% had died. Survival time was significantly and negatively correlated with PG-SGA score, cancer stage, and sarcopenia, independent of age and sex. Multivariate analysis included both cancer stage and nutritional assessment variables. Conclusions Together with cancer stage, both CT measurements and subjective assessment of nutritional status through PG-SGA can adequately identify cancer patients with a higher mortality risk, independent of age and sex. However, the latter is less costly and simple to use; it should be included as a valuable tool during management of patients with cancer.

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