Browsing by Author "Poblete, Carlos"
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Publication “As if it were home”: An exploratory study of the role of homesickness among migrant entrepreneurs(2023) Poblete, Carlos; Mandakovic, Vesna; Apablaza, MauricioA common pattern observed in the psychological literature on migrants is homesickness, yet there is a lack of research examining if this phenomenon has any effect in the entrepreneurship sphere. This study begins to fill this gap with an inductive approach examining the Venezuelan migratory wave in Chile. Methodologically, we conduct an oral history analysis of 18 Venezuelan entrepreneurs’ narratives to explore the reasons they built their entrepreneurial ventures and the mechanisms underlying this process. Based on our findings, we show that homesickness can become an enabler that links entrepreneurs with a (latent unsatisfied) demand by facilitating the entrepreneurial ideation process. This phenomenon occurs because the engagement between individuals is heightened when they experience homesickness. On the one hand, we notice that homesick entrepreneurs enhance three resources that contribute to the entrepreneurial ideation process: (1) rhetorical skills, (2) affective empathy, and (3) adaptive attitude. On the other hand, two features also facilitate interaction from the demand side: (1) customer persona and (2) cohesive community identity. Thus, our results suggest that migrant entrepreneurs gain trusted partners based on shared homesickness. Consequently, a more efficient and effective entrepreneurial ideation process is generated.Item Differentiating innovation and entrepreneurial theories on developed and underdeveloped economies(Universidad del Desarrollo. Facultad de Economía y Negocios, 2023) Mahn Borkowsky, Daniel Alfredo; Poblete, CarlosEntrepreneurship and innovation are crucial drivers of economic growth and are therefore used as public policy tools in Western economies. As such, emergent and underdeveloped economies have been importing and replicating successful policy models from developed countries in an attempt to catch up with advanced nations. As many of the theories in the economic and entrepreneurship literature have taken on the perspective of developed countries, their authors have stated the need to test them in different settings to further delineate their boundary conditions and robustness. Three essays, each focusing on a different theory of entrepreneurial innovation, are developed to test this idea. The first essay focuses on how the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship (KSTE), which details the mechanism by which unused knowledge accumulates in a region and transforms into new businesses, behaves when anchored in the context of a developing economy. The regional data from Chile covering the period of 2010 to 2019 that is applied as a case study for the identification of boundary conditions shows that the theory has low effectiveness, as it only applies to those industries with a high dependency on knowledge. It also highlights the roles played by human capital, diversity, and barriers to entry in these kinds of markets. The second essay examines how informal institutions lure cross-border venture capital (VC) inflows into a market. The main rationale behind the study is that private funding entering or leaving a country can detail how the cultural characteristics of that country benefit or block its VC enabling capability, allowing us to explore an ideal set of cultural characteristics. To test this, a country-pair dataset of cross-border VC investments is used and the Hofstede et al. (1990) cultural framework is applied as a proxy for informal institutions. The results confirm and expand those of the prior literature, establishing specific cultural characteristics that support and hinder both investors and entrepreneurial activity. When adding interaction effects with formal institutions' development, the results imply that the ideal set of informal institutions for fostering VC activity differs depending on the level of formal institutions. Finally, the third essay tests whether the link between optimism and innovative capabilities holds when shifting from an individual to an aggregated level. Using a year sample of 42 countries between 2000 and 2020 and separating the effect of optimism on its two main sources of innovation, new and incumbent firms, our results suggest that the link between optimism and innovation is not straightforward: the results vary depending on the measures of innovation and optimism taken for analysis. First, our results support that business confidence (incumbent firms) supports more researchers involved in research and development and higher total factors of productivity increments (TFP), while consumer confidence (new firms) only affects TFP. Second, when separating the sample by income levels, in high-income economies, more optimism increases the number of researchers, while in middle-income countries, optimism affects spending on R&D and TFP. Finally, our results do not show any significant effects of overoptimism on the dependable variables.Item Shaping the castle according to the rocks in the path? Perceived discrimination, social differences, and subjective wellbeing as determinants of firm type among immigrant entrepreneurs(2018) Poblete, CarlosThis paper argues that transnational entrepreneurs are characterized in terms of their differing perceptions of the host society in comparison to conventional immi- grant entrepreneurs. We focus on three aspects of individuals’ perception of informal institutions which include (1) individuals’ perception of discrimination based on first- person and third-person experience, (2) individuals’ perception of social differences, and (3) subjective wellbeing. We find that among other immigrant entrepreneurs, transnational entrepreneurs are more likely to perceive social differences within the host society, to have been discriminated against, and experience dissatisfaction regard- ing opportunities and income.