Browsing by Author "Norr, Kathleen"
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Item Mano a Mano for health professions students in Chile: a pilot HIV prevention program.(Elsevier Inc, 2015) Ferrer, Lilian; Bernales, Margarita; Cianelli, Rosina; Cabieses, Báltica; Triviño, Ximena; Reiley, Reed; Irarrázabal, Lisette; Peragallo, Nilda; Norr, KathleenHIV is cause for major concern all over the globe. By the end of 2009, there were 33.3 million reported cases of people living with HIV (PLWH) worldwide, with 2.6 million new infections and 1.8 million HIV-related deaths (Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS [UNAIDS], 2010). Specifically in Latin America, the incidence of HIV has increased from 1.1 million adults and children living with HIV in 2001 to 1.4 million adults and children living with HIV in 2009 (UNAIDS, 2010). Additionally, the rate of new infections has grown, as there were 150,000 reported cases of new infections in 2001 and this number increased to 170,000 reported cases of new infections in 2008.Item The relationship between knowledge of HIV, self-perceived vulnerability and sexual risk behavior among community clinic workers in Chile(2010) Cabieses, Báltica; Ferrer, Lilian; Villarroel, Luis; Tunstall, Helena; Norr, KathleenObjective Testing the hypothesis of an association between knowledge and sexual risk behaviour (SRB) amongst community-clinic workers in Chile, explained by the confounding effect of self-perceived vulnerability to HIV. Methods A cross-sectional survey was analyzed; it was nested within a quasiexperimental study of 720 community-clinic workers in Santiago. The SRB score combined the number of sexual partners and condom use (coded as “high”/”low” SRB). Knowledge of HIV (a 25-item index) was coded as “inadequate”/”adequate” knowledge. Self-perceived vulnerability to HIV was categorised as being “high”/ ”moderate”/”low”. Control variables included socio-demographics, religiousness and educational level. Percentages/averages, Chi-square tests and logistic regression (OR-estimations) were used for descriptive, association and confounding analysis. Results Respondents were 78.2 % female, 46.8 % married and 67.6 % Catholic. Mean age was 38.9 (10.5 SD) and 69 % had university/diploma level. Self-perceived HIV vulnerability was “low” in 71.5 % cases. A negative association between knowledge and SRB was found (OR=0.55;CI=0.35–0.86), but self-perceived vulnerability did not have a confounding effect on this relationship. This relationship also persisted after being adjusted for multiple control variables (e.g. age, sex, type of primary centre, educational level, and religiousness). Conclusions Some community-clinic workers had inaccurate knowledge of HIV, which was associated with SRB. Self-perceived vulnerability did not have a confounding effect; however, future studies should further analyze occupational risk of HIV as a possible driving factor in health workers´ perception of their risk. Focused training programmes should be developed to enhance basic knowledge of HIV in this group