Browsing by Author "Mussetti, Alberto"

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    Effect of Combination Antibiotic Empirical Therapy on Mortality in Neutropenic Cancer Patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pneumonia
    (2022) Albasanz-Puig, Adaia; Durà-Miralles, Xavier; Laporte-Amargós, Júlia; Mussetti, Alberto; Ruiz-Camps, Isabel; Puerta-Alcalde, Pedro ; Abdala, Edson ; Oltolini, Chiara; Akova, Murat; Montejo ,José Miguel; Malgorzata, Mikulska; Martín-Dávila, Pilar; Herrera, Fabián; Gasch, Oriol; Drgona, Lubos; Paz Morales, Hugo Manuel; Brunel, Anne-Sophie; García, Estefanía; Isler, Burcu; Kern, Winfried V.; Retamar-Gentil, Pilar; Aguado, José María; Montero, Milagros; Kanj, Souha S.; Sipahi, Oguz R.; Calik, Sebnem; Márquez-Gómez, Ignacio; Marín, Jorge I.; Gomes, Marisa Z.R.; Hemmati, Philipp; Araos Bralic, Rafael Ignacio; Peghin, Magdalena; Pozo, José Luis del; Yáñez, Lucrecia; Tilley, Robert; Manzur, Adriana; Novo, Andres; Pallarès, Natàlia; Bergas, Alba; Carratalà, Jordi; Gudiol, Carlota; The Ironic Study Group
    To assess the effect of combination antibiotic empirical therapy on 30-day case-fatality rate in neutropenic cancer patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) bacteremic pneumonia. This was a multinational, retrospective cohort study of neutropenic onco-hematological patients with PA bloodstream infection (BSI) (2006−2018). The effect of appropriate empirical combination therapy, appropriate monotherapy and inappropriate empirical antibiotic therapy [IEAT] on 30-day case-fatality was assessed only in patients with PA bacteremic pneumonia. Among 1017 PA BSI episodes, pneumonia was the source of BSI in 294 (28.9%). Among those, 52 (17.7%) were caused by a multidrug-resistant (MDR) strain and 68 (23.1%) received IEAT, mainly when the infection was caused by an MDR strain [38/52 (73.1%) vs. 30/242 (12.4%); p < 0.001]. The 30-day case-fatality rate was higher in patients with PA bacteremic pneumonia than in those with PA BSI from other sources (55.1% vs. 31.4%; p < 0.001). IEAT was associated with increased 30-day case-fatality (aHR 1.44 [95%CI 1.01−2.03]; p = 0.042), whereas the use of appropriate combination empirical treatment was independently associated with improved survival (aHR 0.46 [95%CI 0.27−0.78]; p = 0.004). Appropriate empirical monotherapy was not associated with improved overall survival (aHR 1.25 [95%CI 0.76−2.05]; p = 0.39). Combination antibiotic empirical therapy should be administered promptly in febrile neutropenic patients with suspected pneumonia as the source of infection.

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