Browsing by Author "Medina, Franco"

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    Evaluación de las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Ansiedad Perinatal en una muestra de madres en Chile.
    (2022) Coo, Soledad; Medina, Franco; García, María Ignacia; Pérez Ewert, J. Carola
    Antecedentes y objetivo: Las dificultades de salud mental materna durante el periodo perinatal son prevalentes y tienen graves consecuencias para las madres y sus bebés. Las iniciativas de pesquisa temprana se han centrado en la sintomatología depresiva y han puesto menor atención a los síntomas de ansiedad, pese a su alta prevalencia. Uno de los factores que contribuye a la escasez de protocolos para la pesquisa de sintomatología ansiosa es la falta de instrumentos validados para tal fin. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la estructura factorial, validez concurrente y confiabilidad de la Escala de Ansiedad Perinatal, desarrollada para facilitar la pesquisa de sintomatología ansiosa en mujeres embarazadas y puérperas. Participantes y métodos: Las participantes fueron 265 mujeres, 138 de las cuales fueron evaluadas durante el tercer trimestre de gestación y 127, a los 3 meses postparto. La estructura factorial del instrumento fue analizada mediante un Análisis Factorial Exploratorio, el número de factores se definió con el test MAP de Velicer. Resultados: Se obtuvo una solución de cuatro factores con algunas diferencias en relación a la escala original. Se observó una alta consistencia interna para las subescalas del instrumento y para el puntaje global, además de una adecuada validez concurrente y confiabilidad test-retest. Conclusiones: Se concluye que la versión en español de la Escala de Ansiedad Perinatal posee características psicométricas adecuadas para su uso en Chile. Futuros estudios son requeridos para evaluar la validez de este instrumento en otros contextos latinoamericanos.
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    Hydrocortisone decreases metacognitive efciency independent of perceived stress
    (2020) Reyes, Gabriel; Vivanco-Carlevari, Anastassia; Medina, Franco; Manosalva, Carolina; Gardelle, Vincent de; Silva, Jaime R.; Sackur, Jérôme
    It is well established that acute stress produces negative effects on high level cognitive functions. However, these effects could be due to the physiological components of the stress response (among which cortisol secretion is prominent), to its psychological concomitants (the thoughts generated by the stressor) or to any combination of those. Our study shows for the first time that the typical cortisol response to stress is sufficient to impair metacognition, that is the ability to monitor one’s own performance in a task. In a pharmacological protocol, we administered either 20 mg hydrocortisone or placebo to 46 male participants, and measured their subjective perception of stress, their performance in a perceptual task, and their metacognitive ability. We found that hydrocortisone selectively impaired metacognitive ability, without affecting task performance or creating a subjective state of stress. In other words, the single physiological response of stress produces a net effect on metacognition. These results inform our basic understanding of the physiological bases of metacognition. They are also relevant for applied or clinical research about situations involving stress, anxiety, depression, or simply cortisol use.
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    The role of interpersonal emotional regulation on maternal mental health
    (2020) Coo, Soledad; García, Maria Ignacia; Prieto, Fernanda; Medina, Franco
    Purpose: Symptoms of depression and anxiety during the perinatal period have a negative impact on mothers and their developing children. A significant body of research has demonstrated an association between mental health and both individual and interpersonal emotion regulation. Yet, this association has not been studied during the perinatal period. The aim of this study was to explore the association between emotion regulation, maternal mental health, and interpersonal emotion regulation during the transition to motherhood in a sample of Chilean women. Methods: Women in their third trimester of pregnancy (n = 253) provided self-reports of emotion regulation and symptoms of depression and anxiety during pregnancy and three months postpartum. Additional self-reports of interpersonal emotion regulation were obtained from individuals who were identified as social support persons by these women. Results: Maternal emotion regulation contributed to maternal symptoms of depression and anxiety during pregnancy and after childbirth. The association between emotion regulation and maternal mental health was moderated by specific interpersonal emotion regulation strategies reported by the participant’s social support persons. Strategies including modulating the emotional response, situation modification, attentional deployment and cognitive change, modified the association between poor regulation strategies and anxiety symptoms. Also, an infrequent use of these interpersonal emotion regulation strategies strengthened the association between these maternal emotional regulation difficulties and anxiety symptoms. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that interpersonal emotional regulation strategies impact the association of maternal emotional regulation strategies and maternal emotional wellbeing.

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