Browsing by Author "Lafontaine, Anne-Louise"
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Item Change in Cognition and Other Non-Motor Symptoms With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment in Parkinson Disease(2018) Kaminska, Marta; Mery, Victoria; Lafontaine, Anne-Louise; Robinson, Ann; Lafontaine, Ann-Louise; Benedetti, Andrea; Gros, Priti; Kimoff, R.JohnStudy Objectives: Parkinson disease (PD) non-motor symptoms are associated with sleep disorders and impair quality of life. Our objective was to assess the effect of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treatment using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on PD non-motor symptoms.Methods: In this prospective observational study, 67 patients with idiopathic PD underwent polysomnography. Those with moderate-severe OSA were offered CPAP therapy. Subjects were divided into those without OSA (OSA−), and those with OSA (OSA+). Analyses were conducted for 6 and 12 months’ follow-up data. At 6 months, those who had used CPAP at home for at least 1 month were considered CPAP users (OSA+CPAP+), whereas those who did not try it, or declined further treatment following a short trial were considered non-users (OSA+CPAP−). For the 12-month analysis, only those still actively using CPAP at 12 months were included in the OSA+CPAP+ group. Non-motor symptom measurements were: Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part 1 (UPDRS1), Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS), Fatigue Severity Scale, Apathy Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).Results: Sixty-five participants were re-assessed at least once. At 6 months, 30 participants were categorized as OSA+CPAP+, 11 OSA+CPAP−, and 18 OSA−. At 12 months, 21 were categorized as OSA+CPAP+, 21 OSA+CPAP−, and 17 OSA−. The UPDRS1 and PDSS improved from baseline in OSA+CPAP+ at 6 months (−2.7, standard deviation [SD] 4.0, P = .001, and 7.9, SD 19.0, P = .03, respectively) and 12 months (−4.1, SD 5.4, P = .002, and 11.4, SD 24.4, P = .04, respectively), but not in other groups. The MoCA and HADS-A improved in OSA+CPAP+ at 12 months (1.7, SD 3.5, P = .04, and −2.1, SD 3.8, P = .02, respectively). The MoCA improved in those with low baseline MoCA and those with REM sleep behavior disorder. Mean CPAP use in users at 12 months was 3 hours 36 minutes per night.Conclusions: CPAP treatment of OSA in PD is associated with improved overall non-motor symptoms, sleep quality, anxiety, and global cognitive function over a 12-month period.Item Diagnosis of obstructive sleep Apnea in Parkinson's disease patients: Is unattended portable monitoring a suitable tool?(Priti Gros et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited., 2015) Gros, Priti; Mery, Victoria; Lafontaine, Anne-Louise; Robinson, Ann; Benedetti, Andrea; Kimoff, John; Kaminska, MartaPurpose. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is frequent in Parkinson's disease (PD) and may contribute to nonmotor symptoms. Polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for OSA diagnosis. Unattended portable monitoring (PM) may improve access to diagnosis but has not been studied in PD. We assessed feasibility and diagnostic accuracy in PD. Methods. Selected PD patients without known OSA underwent home PM and laboratory PSG. The quality of PM signals (n = 28) was compared with matched controls. PM accuracy was calculated compared with PSG for standard apnea hypopnea index (AHI) thresholds. Results. Technical failure rate was 27.0% and airflow signal quality was lower than in controls. Sensitivity of PM was 84.0%, 36.4%, and 50.0% for AHI cut-offs of 5/h, 15/h, and 30/h, respectively, using the same cut-offs on PM. Specificity was 66.7%, 83.3%, and 100%, respectively. PM underestimated the AHI with a mean bias of 12.4/h. Discrepancy between PM and PSG was greater in those with more motor dysfunction. Conclusion. PM was adequate to "rule in" moderate or severe OSA in PD patients, but the failure rate was relatively high and signal quality poorer than in controls. PM overall underestimated the severity of OSA in PD patients, especially those with greater motor dysfunction.Item Obstructive sleep apnea, CPAP therapy and Parkinson's disease motor function: A longitudinal study(2020) Meng, Lingrui; Benedetti, Andrea; Lafontaine, Anne-Louise; Mery, Victoria; Robinson, Ann Ross; Kimoff, John; Gros, Priti; Kaminska, MartaIntroduction: We aimed to assess, in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), progression of motor dysfunction and the effect of OSA treatment. Methods: Data were analysed from a prospective cohort study of idiopathic PD patients from a movement disorders clinic. Patients found to have OSA on polysomnography (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] ≥15 events/h, OSA+) were offered treatment using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). CPAP+ was defined as an average ≥ 2 h/night use at each follow-up. Motor symptoms were assessed using the motor section of the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (mUPDRS) and the Timed-Up-And-Go (TUG). Follow-up times were 3, 6 and 12 months. Mixed models were constructed, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, levodopa equivalent dose and comorbidities. Results: We studied 67 individuals (61.2% male) of mean age 64.7 years (SD = 10.1). Baseline mUPDRS was higher in OSA+ compared to OSA- (24.5 [13.6] vs. 16.2 [7.2], p < 0.001). Motor dysfunction increased at comparable rates in OSA- and OSA+CPAP-. However, in OSA+CPAP+, mUPDRS change was significantly lower compared to OSA- (β = -0.01 vs. 0.61, p = 0.03; p = 0.12 vs. OSA+CPAP- [β = 0.39]) and TUG change was lower compared to OSA+CPAP- (β = -0.01 vs. 0.13, p = 0.002; p = 0.05 vs. OSA- [β = 0.02]). Conclusions: In this PD cohort, OSA was associated with higher baseline mUPDRS. In those with OSA, CPAP use was associated with stabilization of motor function (mUPDRS and TUG) over 12 months. These observations support further research to clarify the role of OSA in PD pathophysiology and motor dysfunctionItem Reduced cognitive function in patients with parkinson disease and obstructive sleep apnea.(American Academy of Neurology, 2017) Mery, Victoria; Gros, Priti; Lafontaine, Anne-Louise; Robinson, Ann; Benedetti, Andrea; Kimoff, John; Kaminska, MartaOBJECTIVE: To assess the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and nonmotor symptoms (NMS), including cognitive dysfunction, in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). METHODS: Patients with idiopathic PD, recruited from a movement disorder clinic, underwent overnight polysomnography. OSA was defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥15/h. PD severity was assessed using the Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) scale and the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). NMS were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Fatigue Severity Scale, Apathy Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Hospital Depression and Anxiety Scale, and PD sleep Scale. RESULTS: Sixty-seven patients (61.2% male), mean age 64.4 (SD 9.9) years and motor MDS-UPDRS 21.9 (12.6) using levodopa equivalent dose (LED) 752.4 (714.6) mg/d, were studied. OSA occurred in 47 patients (61.6%, mean AHI 27.1/h, SD 20.2/h), and NMS in 57 patients (85%). ESS and MoCA were associated with the AHI (ESS β = 0.0670, p = 0.031; MoCA β = -0.0520, p = 0.043, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, LED, and H&Y). ESS was associated with respiratory arousals (β = 0.1015, p = 0.011) and intermittent hypoxemia (β = 0.1470, p = 0.006). MoCA was negatively associated with respiratory arousals (β = -0.0596, p = 0.049) but not intermittent hypoxemia. CONCLUSIONS: OSA is associated with sleepiness and cognitive dysfunction in PD, suggesting that OSA may be a reversible contributor to these NMS. Further studies will be required to evaluate whether OSA treatment can improve excessive sleepiness and cognitive dysfunction in PD.