Browsing by Author "Kumfor, Fiona"

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    Evaluating the reliability of neurocognitive biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases across countries: A machine learning approach
    (2020) Bachli, M. Belen; Sedeno, Lucas; Ochab, Jeremi K.; Piguet, Olivier; Kumfor, Fiona; Reyes, Pablo; Torralva, Teresa; Roca, María; Cardona, Juan Felipe; Gonzalez Campo, Cecilia; Herrera, Eduar; Slachevsky, Andrea; Matallana, Diana; Manes, Facundo; García, Adolfo M.; Ibanez, Agustín; Chialvo, Dante R.
    Accurate early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases represents a growing challenge for current clinical practice. Promisingly, current tools can be complemented by computational decision-support methods to objectively analyze multidimensional measures and increase diagnostic confidence. Yet, widespread application of these tools cannot be recommended unless they are proven to perform consistently and reproducibly across samples from different countries. We implemented machine-learning algorithms to evaluate the prediction power of neurocognitive biomarkers (behavioral and imaging measures) for classifying two neurodegenerative conditions –Alzheimer Disease (AD) and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD)– across three different countries (>200 participants). We use machine-learning tools integrating multimodal measures such as cognitive scores (executive functions and cognitive screening) and brain atrophy volume (voxel based morphometry from fronto-temporo-insular regions in bvFTD, and temporo-parietal regions in AD) to identify the most relevant features in predicting the incidence of the diseases. In the Country-1 cohort, predictions of AD and bvFTD became maximally improved upon inclusion of cognitive screenings outcomes combined with atrophy levels. Multimodal training data from this cohort allowed predicting both AD and bvFTD in the other two novel datasets from other countries with high accuracy (>90%), demonstrating the robustness of the approach as well as the differential specificity and reliability of behavioral and neural markers for each condition. In sum, this is the first study, across centers and countries, to validate the predictive power of cognitive signatures combined with atrophy levels for contrastive neurodegenerative conditions, validating a benchmark for future assessments of reliability and reproducibility
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    Gaps in clinical research in frontotemporal dementia: A call for diversity and disparities-focused research
    (2023) Franzen, Sanne; Nuytemans, Karen; Bourdage, Renelle; Caramelli, Paulo; Ellajosyula, Ratnavalli; Finger, Elizabeth; Illán-Gala, Ignacio; Loi, Samantha M.; Morhardt, Darby; Pijnenburg, Yolande; Rascovsky, Katya; Williams, Monique M.; Yokoyama, Jennifer S.; Alladi, Suvarna; Ayhan, Yavuz; Broce, Iris; Castro-Suarez, Sheila; Coleman, Kristy; Cruz de Souza, Leonardo; Dacks, Penny A.; Boer, Sterr C. M. de; Leon, Jessica de; Dodge, Shana; Grasso, Stephanie; Gupta, Veer; Gupta, Vivek; Ghoshal, Nupur; Kamath, Vidyulata; Kumfor, Fiona; Matias-Guiu, Jordi A.; Narme, Pauline; Nielsen, Rune; Okhuevbie, Daniel; Piña-Escudero, Stefanie D.; Ruiz Garcia, Ramiro; Scarioni, Marta; Slachevsky Chonchol, Andrea; Suarez-Gonzalez, Aida; Lead Tee, Boon; Tsoy, Elena; Ulugut, Hülya; Babulal, Ganesh M.; Onyike, Chiadi U.
    Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is one of the leading causes of dementia before age 65 and often manifests as abnormal behavior (in behavioral variant FTD) or language impairment (in primary progressive aphasia). FTD's exact clinical presentation varies by culture, language, education, social norms, and other socioeconomic factors; current research and clinical practice, however, is mainly based on studies conducted in North America and Western Europe. Changes in diagnostic criteria and procedures as well as new or adapted cognitive tests are likely needed to take into consideration global diversity. This perspective paper by two professional interest areas of the Alzheimer's Association International Society to Advance Alzheimer's Research and Treatment examines how increasing global diversity impacts the clinical presentation, screening, assessment, and diagnosis of FTD and its treatment and care. It subsequently provides recommendations to address immediate needs to advance global FTD research and clinical practice.

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