Browsing by Author "Hoyos Duque, Sergio"

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    A changing etiologic scenario in liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in a multicenter cohort study from Latin America
    (2018) Pinero, Federico; Costa, Paulo; Longatto Boteon, Yuri; Hoyos Duque, Sergio; Marciano, Sebastián; Anders, Margarita; Varóng, Adriana; Zerega, Alina; Poniachik, Jaime; Soza, Alejandro; Padilla Machaca, Martín; Menéndez, Josemaría; Zapata, Rodrigo; Vilatoba, Mario; Muñoz, Linda; Maraschio, Martín; Podestá, Luis G.; McCormack, Lucas; Gadano, Adrian; Boinc, Ilka S.F. Fatima; García, Parente; Silva, Marcelo; On behalf of the Latin American Liver Research, Education, Awareness Network (LALREAN)
    Background and aim: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasing cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver transplantation (LT). Our study focused on changing trendsof liver related HCC etiologies during the last years in Latin America. Methods: From a cohort of 2761 consecutive adult LT patients between 2005 and 2012 in 17 different centers, 435 with HCC were included. Different periods including years 2005—2006, 2007—2008, 2009—2010 and 2011—2012 were considered. Etiology of liver disease was confirmed in the explant. Results: Participating LT centers per country included 2 from Brazil (n = 191), 5 transplant programs from Argentina (n = 98), 2 from Colombia (n = 65), 4 from Chile (n = 49), 2 from Mexico (n = 12), and 1 from Peru (n = 11) and Uruguay (n = 9). Chronic hepatitis C infection was the leading cause of HCC in the overall cohort (37%), followed by HBV (25%) and alcoholic liver disease (17%). NAFLD and cryptogenic cirrhosis accounted for 6% and 7%, respectively. While HCV decreased from 48% in 2005—06 to 26% in 2011—12, NAFLD increased from 1.8% to 12.8% during the same period, accounting for the third cause of HCC. This represented a 6-fold increase in NAFLD-HCC, whereas HCV had a 2-fold decrease. Patients with NAFLD were older, had lower pre-LT serum AFP values and similar 5-year survival and recurrence rates than non-NAFLD. Conclusion: There might be a global changing figure regarding etiologies of HCC in Latin America. This epidemiological change on the incidence of HCC in the world, although it has been reported, should still be confirmed in prospective studies.
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    Direct-Acting Antivirals and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: No Evidence of Higher Wait-List Progression or Posttransplant Recurrence
    (2020) Piñero, Federico; Boin, Ilka; Chagas, Aline; Quiñonez, Emilio; Marciano, Sebastián; Vilatobá, Mario; Santos, Luisa; Anders, Margarita; Hoyos Duque, Sergio; Soares Lima, Agnaldo; Menendez, Josemaría; Padilla, Martín; Poniachik, Jaime; Zapata, Rodrigo; Maraschio, Martín; Chong Menéndez, Ricardo; Muñoz, Linda; Arufe, Diego; Figueroa, Rodrigo; Mendizabal, Manuel; Hurtado Gomez, Sahara; Stucchi, Raquel; Maccali, Claudia; Vergara Sandoval, Rodrigo; Bermudez, Carla; McCormack, Lucas; Varón, Adriana; Gadano, Adrián; Mattera, Juan; Rubinstein, Fernando; Carrilho, Flair; Silva, Marcelo
    The association between direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) wait-list progression or its recurrence following liver transplantation (LT) remains uncertain. We evaluated the impact of DAAs on HCC wait-list progression and post-LT recurrence. This Latin American multicenter retrospective cohort study included HCC patients listed for LT between 2012 and 2018. Patients were grouped according to etiology of liver disease: hepatitis C virus (HCV) negative, HCV+ never treated with DAAs, and HCV+ treated with DAAs either before or after transplantation. Multivariate competing risks models were conducted for both HCC wait-list progression adjusted by a propensity score matching (pre-LT DAA effect) and for post-LT HCC recurrence (pre- or post-LT DAA effect). From 994 included patients, 50.6% were HCV-, 32.9% were HCV+ never treated with DAAs, and 16.5% were HCV+ treated with DAAs either before (n = 66) or after LT (n = 98). Patients treated with DAAs before LT presented similar cumulative incidence of wait-list tumor progression when compared with those patients who were HCV+ without DAAs (26.2% versus 26.9%; P = 0.47) and a similar HCC-related dropout rate (12.1% [95% CI, 0.4%-8.1%] versus 12.9% [95% CI, 3.8%-27.2%]), adjusted for baseline tumor burden, alpha-fetoprotein values, HCC diagnosis after listing, bridging therapies, and by the probability of having received or not received DAAs through propensity score matching (subhazard ratio [SHR], 0.9; 95% CI, 0.6-1.6; P = 0.95). A lower incidence of posttransplant HCC recurrence among HCV+ patients who were treated with pre- or post-LT DAAs was observed (SHR, 0.7%; 95% CI, 0.2%-4.0%). However, this effect was confounded by the time to DAA initiation after LT. In conclusion, in this multicenter cohort, HCV treatment with DAAs did not appear to be associated with an increased wait-list tumor progression and HCC recurrence after LT.
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    Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: evaluation of the alpha-fetoprotein model in a multicenter cohort from Latin America
    (2016) Piñero, Federico; Tisi Baña, Matías; de Ataide, Elaine Cristina; Hoyos Duque, Sergio; Marciano, Sebastián; Varón, Adriana; Anders, Margarita; Zerega, Alina; Menéndez, Josemaría; Zapata, Rodrigo; Muñoz, Linda; Padilla Machaca, Martín; Soza, Alejandro; McCormack, Lucas; Poniachik, Jaime; Podestá, Luis G; Gadano, Adrián; Boin, Ilka S F Fatima; Duvoux, Christophe; Silva, Marcelo; Latin American Liver Research, Education and Awareness Network (LALREAN)
    Background & aims: The French alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) model has recently shown superior results compared to Milan criteria (MC) for prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after liver transplantation (LT) in European populations. The aim of this study was to explore the predictive capacity of the AFP model for HCC recurrence in a Latin-American cohort. Methods: Three hundred twenty-seven patients with HCC were included from a total of 2018 patients transplanted at 15 centres. Serum AFP and imaging data were both recorded at listing. Predictability was assessed by the Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI) method. Results: Overall, 82 and 79% of the patients were within MC and the AFP model respectively. NRI showed a superior predictability of the AFP model against MC. Patients with an AFP score >2 points had higher risk of recurrence at 5 years Hazard Ratio (HR) of 3.15 (P = 0.0001) and lower patient survival (HR = 1.51; P = 0.03). Among patients exceeding MC, a score ≤2 points identified a subgroup of patients with lower recurrence (5% vs 42%; P = 0.013) and higher survival rates (84% vs 45%; P = 0.038). In cases treated with bridging procedures, following restaging, a score >2 points identified a higher recurrence (HR 2.2, P = 0.12) and lower survival rate (HR 2.25, P = 0.03). A comparative analysis between HBV and non-HBV patients showed that the AFP model performed better in non-HBV patients.
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    Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: impact of expansion criteria in a multicenter cohort study from a high waitlist mortality region
    (2021) Piñero, Federico; Anders, Margarita; Boin, Ilka F.; Chagas, Aline; Quiñonez, Emilio; Marciano, Sebastián; Vilatobá, Mario; Santos, Luisa; Hoyos Duque, Sergio; Soares Lima, Agnaldo; Menendez, Josemaría; Padilla, Martín; Poniachik, Jaime; Zapata, Rodrigo; Soza, Alejandro; Maraschio, Martín; Chong Menéndez, Ricardo; Muñoz, Linda; Arufe, Diego; Figueroa, Rodrigo; Ataide, Elaine Cristina de; Maccali, Claudia; Vergara Sandoval, Rodrigo; Bermudez, Carla; Podesta, Luis G.; McCormack, Lucas; Varón, Adriana; Gadano, Adrián; Mattera, Juan; Villamil, Federico; Rubinstein, Fernando; Carrilho, Flair; Silva, Marcelo
    This study aimed to compare liver transplantation (LT) outcomes and evaluate the potential rise in numbers of LT candidates with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of different allocation policies in a high waitlist mortality region. Three policies were applied in two Latin American cohorts (1085 HCC transplanted patients and 917 listed patients for HCC): (i) Milan criteria with expansion according to UCSF downstaging (UCSF-DS), (ii) the AFP score, and (iii) restrictive policy or Double Eligibility Criteria (DEC; within Milan + AFP score ≤2). Increase in HCC patient numbers was evaluated in an Argentinian prospective validation set (INCUCAI; NCT03775863). Expansion criteria in policy A showed that UCSF-DS [28.4% (CI 12.8-56.2)] or "all-comers" [32.9% (CI 11.9-71.3)] had higher 5-year recurrence rates compared to Milan, with 10.9% increase in HCC patients for LT. The policy B showed lower recurrence rates for AFP scores ≤2 points, even expanding beyond Milan criteria, with a 3.3% increase. Patients within DEC had lower 5-year recurrence rates compared with those beyond DEC [13.3% (CI 10.1-17.3) vs 24.2% (CI 17.4-33.1; P = 0.0006], without significant HCC expansion. In conclusion, although the application of a stricter policy may optimize the selection process, this restrictive policy may lead to ethical concerns in organ allocation (NCT03775863).
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    Recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation: Prognostic and predictive factors of survival in a Latin American cohort
    (2021) Maccali, Claudia; Chagas, Aline L; Boin, Ilka; Quiñonez, Emilio; Marciano, Sebastián; Vilatobá, Mario; Varón, Adriana; Anders, Margarita; Hoyos Duque, Sergio; Lima, Agnaldo S; Menendez, Josemaría; Padilla-Machaca, Martín; Poniachik, Jaime; Zapata, Rodrigo; Maraschio, Martín; Chong Menéndez, Ricardo; Muñoz, Linda; Arufe, Diego; Figueroa, Rodrigo; Soza, Alejandro; Fauda, Martín; Perales, Simone R; Vergara Sandoval, Rodrigo; Bermudez, Carla; Beltran, Oscar; Arenas Hoyos, Isabel; McCormack, Lucas; Mattera, Francisco Juan; Gadano, Adrián; Parente García, Jose H; Megumi Tani, Claudia; Carneiro D'Albuquerque, Luiz Augusto; Carrilho, Flair J; Silva, Marcelo; Piñero, Federico
    Background & aim: Recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation (LT) has a poor prognosis, and the adjusted effect of different treatments on post-recurrence survival (PRS) has not been well defined. This study aims to evaluate prognostic and predictive variables associated with PRS. Methods: This Latin American multicenter retrospective cohort study included HCC patients who underwent LT between the years 2005-2018. We evaluated the effect of baseline characteristics at time of HCC recurrence diagnosis and PRS (Cox regression analysis). Early recurrences were those occurring within 12 months of LT. To evaluate the adjusted treatment effect for HCC recurrence, a propensity score matching analysis was performed to assess the probability of having received any specific treatment for recurrence. Results: From a total of 1085 transplanted HCC patients, the cumulative incidence of recurrence was 16.6% (CI 13.5-20.3), with median time to recurrence of 13.0 months (IQR 6.0-26.0). Factors independently associated with PRS were early recurrence (47.6%), treatment with sorafenib and surgery/trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Patients who underwent any treatment presented "early recurrences" less frequently, and more extrahepatic metastasis. This unbalanced distribution was included in the propensity score matching, with correct calibration and discrimination (receiving operator curve of 0.81 [CI 0.72;0.88]). After matching, the adjusted effect on PRS for any treatment was HR of 0.2 (0.10;0.33); P < .0001, for sorafenib therapy HR of 0.4 (0.27;0.77); P = .003, and for surgery/TACE HR of 0.4 (0.18;0.78); P = .009. Conclusion: Although early recurrence was associated with worse outcome, even in this population, systemic or locoregional treatments were associated with better PRS.
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    Results of Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Multicenter Latin American Cohort Study
    (2018) Piñero, Federico; Costa, Paulo; Boteon, Yuri L.; Hoyos Duque, Sergio; Marciano, Sebastián; Anders, Margarita; Varón, Adriana; Zerega, Alina; Poniachik, Jaime; Soza, Alejandro; Padilla Machaca, Martín; Menéndez, Josemaría; Zapata, Rodrigo; Vilatoba, Mario; Muñoz, Linda; Maraschio, Martín; Fauda, Martín; McCormack, Lucas; Gadano, Adrián; Boin, Ilka S.F.; Parente García, José H.; Silva, Marcelo
    Background and aims. Heterogeneous data has been reported regarding liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Latin America. We aimed to describe treatment during waiting list, survival and recurrence of HCC after LT in a multicenter study from Latin America. Material and methods. Patients with HCC diagnosed prior to transplant (cHCC) and incidentally found in the explanted liver (iHCC) were included. Imaging-explanted features were compared in cHCC (non-discordant if pre and post-LT were within Milan, discordant if pre-LT was within and post-LT exceeding Milan). Results. Overall, 435 patients with cHCC and 92 with iHCC were included. At listing, 81% and 91% of cHCC patients were within Milan and San Francisco criteria (UCSF), respectively. Five-year survival and recurrence rates for cHCC within Milan, exceeding Milan/within UCSF and beyond UCSF were 71% and 16%; 66% and 26%; 46% and 55%, respectively. Locoregional treatment prior to LT was performed in 39% of cHCC within Milan, in 53% beyond Milan/within UCSF and in 83% exceeding UCSF (p < 0.0001). This treatment difference was not observed according to AFP values (d100, 44%; 101-1,000, 39%, and > 1,000 ng/mL 64%; p = 0.12). Discordant imaging-explanted data was observed in 29% of cHCC, showing lower survival HR 2.02 (CI 1.29; 3.15) and higher recurrence rates HR 2.34 when compared to AFP <100 ng/mL. Serum AFP > 1,000 ng/mL at listing was independently associated with a higher 5-year recurrence rate and a HR of 3.24 when compared to AFP <100 ng/mL. Conclusion. Although overall results are comparable to other regions worldwide, pre-LT treatment not only considering imaging data but also AFP values should be contemplated during the next years

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