Browsing by Author "Herrera, Fernando"
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Item Distribución etaria e incidencia de lesiones preinvasoras y cáncer cérvico uterino, entre los años 2009-2019: revisión de tres zonas geográficas de Chile(2022) Zúñiga, Leonardo; Valdivia, Isabeau; Herrera, Fernando; Merino, BárbaraIntroducción: El cáncer cervicouterino es el segundo tipo de cáncer más común dentro de la población femenina. Tiene una evolución lenta y, a nivel nacional, el año 2020 presentó una incidencia de 18,6 por 100.000 mujeres, registrando 992 casos aproximadamente. Sin embargo, no hay información actual enfocada en las lesiones preinvasoras causadas por VPH y su distribución en las regiones de Chile. Objetivo: Definir la distribución etaria e incidencia de las lesiones escamosas intraepiteliales en pacientes pertenecientes a los Servicios Metropolitanos Norte/Oriente, Atacama y Araucanía Norte desde 2009 al 2019. Metodología: Se realizó un análisis descriptivo con la información obtenida en la base de datos Citoexpert de la Universidad de Chile, entre los años 2009-2019. Resultado: Para las lesiones preinvasoras de bajo grado se observó que A1 presenta una incidencia del 4,4% el 2014 y 14,1% el 2011. La NIE I presenta una incidencia del 11,4% el 2011 y 26% el 2009. En cuanto a las lesiones preinvasoras de alto grado se obtuvo que la NIE II presenta una incidencia del 10,4% el 2019 y 26,1% el 2010, la NIE III presenta una incidencia del 38,6% el 2010 y 62% el 2014. Por último, el carcinoma escamoso invasor presenta una incidencia del 2,5% el 2012 y 9,6% el 2018. Conclusión: Los resultados de este estudio pueden servir para diseñar y/o actualizar contenidos educativos entregados a las mujeres con el propósito de aumentar el conocimiento y nivel de conciencia sobre la importancia de la toma del Papanicolau.Item Does policy enhance collaborative-opportunistic behaviours? Looking into the intellectual capital dynamics of subsidized industry–university partnerships(2021) Guerrero, Maribel; Herrera, Fernando; Urbano, DavidDesign/methodology/approach: By combining two sources of information about 683 Mexican subsidised industry-university partnerships from 2009 to 2016, this study adopted the structural equation modelling (SEM) to analyse the effect of collaborative vs. opportunistic behaviours in intellectual capital dynamics within subsidised projects. Purpose: Little is known about how subsidies enhance both collaborative and opportunistic behaviours within subsidised industry-university partnerships, and how partners’ behaviours influence the intellectual capital dynamics within subsidised industry-university. Based on these theoretical foundations, this study expects to understand IC’s contribution as a dynamic or systemic process (inputs→outputs→outcomes) within subsided university-industry partnerships. Especially to contribute to these ongoing academic debates, this paper analyses how collaborative and opportunistic behaviours within industry-university partnerships influence the intellectual capital dynamics (inputs, outputs, and outcomes) of the subsidised projects. Findings: Our results show three tendencies about the bright/dark side of subsidies within the Mexican industry-university partnerships. The first tendency shows how collaborative behaviours positively influence intellectual capital dynamics within subsidised industry-university partnerships. The second tendency shows how opportunistic behaviours influence intellectual capital impacts (performance) and return to society (job creation). The third tendency shows how initial inputs of subsidised projects generate some expected socio-economic returns that pursued the subsidies (mediation effect of intellectual capital outputs). Research limitations/implications: This research has three limitations that provide a future research agenda. The main limitations were associated with our sources of information. The first limitation, we did not match subsidised partnerships (focus group) and non-subsidised partnerships (control group). A qualitative analysis should help understand the effect of subsidies on intellectual capital and partnerships’ behaviours. The second limitation, our measures of collaborative/opportunistic behaviours as well as intellectual capital dynamics should be improved by balancing traditional and new metrics in future research. The third limitation is that in emerging economies, the quality of institutions could influence the submission/selection of subsidies and generate negative externalities. Future research should control by geographical dispersion and co-location of subsidies. Practical implications: For enterprise managers, this study offers insights into IC dynamics and behaviours within subsidised industry-university partnerships. The bright side of collaboration behaviours is related to IC’s positive impacts on performance and socio-economic returns. The dark side is the IC appropriation behind opportunistic behaviours. Enterprise managers should recognise the relevance of IC management to capture value and reduce costs associated with opportunistic behaviours. For the university community, this study offers potential trends adopted by industry-university partnerships to reinforce universities’ innovative transformation processes. Specifically, these trends are related to the legitimisation of the university’s role in society and contribution to regional development through industry-university partnerships’ outcomes. Therefore, university managers should recognise the IC benefits/challenges behind industry-university partnerships. Social implications: For policymakers, the study indirectly shows the role of subsidies for generating/reinforcing intellectual capital outcomes within subsidised industry-university partnerships. The bright side allows evaluating the cost-benefit of this government intervention and the returns to priority industries. The dark side allows for understanding the need for implementing mechanisms to control opportunistic behaviours within subsidised partnerships. Accordingly, policymakers should understand the IC opportunity-costs related to industry-university partnerships for achieving the subsidies’ aims. Originality/value: This study contributes to three ongoing academic debates in innovation and management fields. The first debate about how intellectual capital dynamic is stimulated and transferred through the collaborative behaviour within industry-university partnerships in emerging economies. The second debate is about the “dark side” of partnerships stimulated by public programmes in emerging economies. The third debate is about the effectiveness of subsidies on intellectual capital activities/outcomes.Item Strategic knowledge management within subsidised entrepreneurial university-industry partnerships(2019) Guerrero, Maribel; Herrera, Fernando; Urbano, DavidPurpose: This paper analyses how collaborative/opportunistic behaviours subsidised universityindustry partnerships are influencing the design/implementation of strategic knowledge management practices in emerging economies. Design/methodology/approach: The proposed conceptual model was analysed with a retrospective multiple case study approach integrated by four subsidised entrepreneurial universities-industry partnerships of the Incentive Programme for Innovation from 2009 to 2014 in Mexico. Findings: Entrepreneurial universities and industrial organisations confirm insights about dual collaborative-opportunistic behaviour within subsidised partnerships. The main effects of behaviours represent an increment in the knowledge management costs during the monitoring stages. The ex-ante collaboration agreement anticipated and protected intellectual capabilities. Research limitations/implications: This research contributes to the ongoing discussion about public administrations’ opportunistic behaviours in emerging economies (Tripsas et al., 1995), the effectiveness of the innovation and entrepreneurial programmes (Guerrero and Urbano, 2019b), and the link between dual behaviours (collaborative and pportunistic) and knowledge management practices (de Wit-de Vries et al., 2018). Practical limitations/implications: New questions emerged about the effectiveness of subsidies as new modes of knowledge generation among entrepreneurial universities and industrial organisations, as well as the need for implementing strategic knowledge management practices in the public administration. Social limitations/implications: For policymakers, the study presents insights about the effectiveness of public resources. Policymakers should understand challenges and re-define/re-incentivize the productive value chain as well as implement mechanisms to control opportunistic behaviours on potential subsidized firms. Originality: The paper contributes to the academic debate about how entrepreneurial universities and industrial organisations are strategically managing their knowledge when participating in subsidised partnerships in emerging economies.