Browsing by Author "Contreras, Daniela"

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    Los afectos como mediadores de la relación optimismo y bienestar
    (2016) Vera-Villarroel, Pablo; Celis-Atenas, Karem; Urzúa, Alfonso; Silva, Jaime R.; Contreras, Daniela; Lillo, Sebastián
    Bajo un diseño no experimental transversal, se evalúa el rol mediador de los afectos (positivo y negativo) en la relación entre optimismo y bienestar (subjetivo y psicológico). Un total de 421 personas, entre 18 y 60 años sin patología mental diagnosticada, participaron en este estudio. Cada participante respondió un set de cuestionarios (optimismo, felicidad, satisfacción con la vida, bienestar psicológico, afecto positivo y negativo). Las relaciones entre las variables se encuentran ajustadas a lo esperado teóricamente: optimismo y bienestar se correlacionan de forma negativa con afecto negativo y de forma positiva con afecto positivo. Los indicadores de ajuste son moderados y muestran que la relación entre optimismo y bienestar (subjetivo y psicológico) es mediada por los afectos. Por lo tanto, el optimismo podría ser considerado como promotor de los niveles de bienestar de las personas, mediada esta relación por los afectos. Los resultados obtenidos contribuyen a los modelos explicativos del bienestar basado en variables internas.
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    Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS): Psychometric Properties and Discriminative Capacity in Several Chilean Samples
    (2019) Vera-Villarroel, Pablo; Urzúa, Alfonso; Jaime, Daniela; Contreras, Daniela; Zych, Izabela; Celis-Atenas, Karem; Silva, Jaime R.; Lillo, Sebastian
    We evaluated the factor structure, reliability, and discriminative capacity of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) questionnaire in four different samples: two general adult populations (N = 1,548, N = 964), one adolescent population (N = 1,044), and young people with depressive symptomatology (N = 307). Exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) were performed with subsamples from Studies 1 (n = 773) and 2 (n = 527), finding that the two- and three-factor solutions had a good fit. In a confirmatory factor analysis, the two-factor solution resulted in an adequate fit in a second set of subsamples from both studies (n = 775, n = 517). In Study 3, we found good convergent and divergent validity with adequate and significant correlations found for depression (Beck's Depression Inventory), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), and neuroticism and extroversion (Big Five Inventory). In Study 4, the results of an EFA performed in a subsample (n = 154) found that the two- and three-factor solutions were appropriate with the former solution being confirmed in a second subsample (n = 153). Reliability was α = .85 for positive affect and α = .87 for negative affect. The PANAS questionnaire showed adequate indicators of validity and reliability in adult and adolescent populations as well as in a sample with depressive symptoms.
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    The mediating role of affects in the relation between optimism and well-being
    (2016) Vera-Villarroel, Pablo; Celis-Atenas, Karem; Urzúa, Alfonso; Silva, Jaime; Contreras, Daniela; Lillo, Sebastián
    Using a cross-sectional non-experimental design, the mediating role of (positive and negative) affects was assessed in the relation between optimism and well-being (subjective and psychological). A total of 421 people aged between 18 and 60 years with no diagnosed mental pathology participated in this study. Each participant responded to a set of questionnaires (optimism, happiness, satisfaction with life, psychological well-being, positive and negative affect). The relations between the variables are what was expected theoretically: optimism and well-being are correlated negatively with negative affect and positively with positive affect. The indicators of fit are moderate and show the relation between optimism and well-being (subjective and psychological) mediated by the affects. Therefore, optimism could be considered a promoter of the levels of people's well-being, with this relation being mediated by the affects. The results obtained contribute to the explanatory models of well-being based on internal variables.

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