Browsing by Author "Castillo-Passi, Rolando I."
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Publication Cognitive assessment in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia Program: harmonization priorities and strategies in a diverse international sample(2025) Allott, Kelly; Yassin, Walid; Alameda, Luis; Billah, Tashrif; Borders, Owen; Buccilli, Kate; Carrión, Ricardo E.; Castillo-Passi, Rolando I.; Cho, Kang Ik K.; Chin, Kota; Coleman, Michael J.; Colton, Beau-Luke; Corral, Sebastián; Dwyer, Dominic; Gundersen, Kristina Ballestad; Gur, Ruben C.; Hoftman, Gil D.; Jacobs, Grace R.; Kelly, Sinead; Lewandowski, Kathryn E.; Marcy, Patricia J.; Matneja, Priya; McLaughlin, Danielle; Nunez, Angela R.; Parsa, Setari; Penzel, Nora; Ray, Susan; Reinen, Jenna M.; Ruparel, Kosha; Sand, Michael S.; Santorelli, Gennarina; Seitz-Holland, Johanna; Spark, Jessica; Tamayo, Zailyn; Thompson, Andrew; Tod, Sophie; Wannan, Cassandra M. J.; Wickham, Alana; Wood, Stephen J.; Zoupou, EiriniCognitive impairment occurs at higher rates in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis relative to healthy peers, and it contributes unique variance to multivariate prediction models of transition to psychosis. Such impairment is considered a core biomarker of schizophrenia. Thus, cognition is a key domain measured in the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® program for Schizophrenia (AMP SCZ initiative). The aim of this paper is to describe the rationale, processes, considerations, and final harmonization of the cognitive battery used in AMP SCZ across the two data collection networks. This battery comprises tests of general intellect and specific cognitive domains. We estimate premorbid intelligence at baseline and measure current intelligence at baseline and 2 years. Eight tests from the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery (PennCNB), which measure verbal learning and memory, sensorimotor ability, attention, emotion recognition, working memory, processing speed, verbal memory, visual memory, and motor speed are administered repeatedly at baseline, and four follow-up timepoints over 2 years. Watch Dr. Kelly Allott and Dr. William S. Stone discuss their work and this article: https://vimeo.com/1023396087.Publication Lifetime prevalence of psychotic-like experiences and associated factors in Chile(2024) González-Medina, Gabriel A.; Corral, Sebastián A.; Castillo-Passi, Rolando I.; Irarrazaval, Matías; Maturana-Hurtado, Alejandro J.; Gaspar, Pablo A.Introduction. Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), which include hallucinations and delusional experiences, are usually present in healthy populations, and their persistence, quality, and severity are associated with the development of psychiatric diseases, including schizophrenia and other poor psychosocial outcomes. Urbanicity, depression, and other psychosocial stressors have been associated with PLEs. However, evidence of PLEs in Latin American (LATAM) countries is still scarce, and there are no studies about PLEs in Chile. The main aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of PLEs in a nationally representative sample according to other social determinants of health. Methods. The last results of the Chilean National Health Survey (ENS 2016–2017) were analyzed. PLEs were obtained from the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) 3.0 and included in this survey. Other psychosocial variables (age, sex, educational level, financial stress, depressive symptoms, and urbanicity) were also included for further analysis. Exclusion criteria were (1) > = 65 and < 18 years old, and (2) previous diagnosis or treatment for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Descriptive statistics were used to describe data, and Poisson regression models were performed to weight variables and find psychosocial correlations with PLEs. Results. 2095 subjects were considered for this study (women 62.9% and mean age = 42.5, SD = 13.5). The lifetime prevalence of the PLEs (> = 1 PLE) in Chile was 12.9%. Visual hallucinations were the most common PLE (9.6%), and ideas of reference were the least common (0.4%). The Poisson regression model showed a higher prevalence of PLEs in the Gran Concepción conurbation (OR = 2.56) and Gran Valparaíso conurbation (OR = 1.69) compared with non-big cities. On the other hand, the 18–24 year group had higher PLEs prevalence compared to other age groups. No correlations were found with educational status, financial stress, or depressive symptoms. Conclusions. A relatively high prevalence of PLEs was found in the Chilean general population, particularly in youth living in large urban areas (Gran Valparaíso and Gran Concepción), which is compatible with previous research. Considering that there were no correlations between low educational level and financial or depressive symptoms, it is necessary to have more studies that correlate other urban relevant variables, such as natural disasters, drug consumption, and domestic or neighborhood violence.