Browsing by Author "Brainin, Michael"
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Item Explanation and elaboration of the standards of reporting of neurological disorders checklist: A guideline for the reporting of incidence and prevalence studies in neuroepidemiology(S. Karger AG, Basel, 2015) Bennett, Derrick; Brayne, Carol; Feigin, Valery; Barker-Collo, Suzanne; Brainin, Michael; Davis, Daniel; Gallo, Valentina; Jetté, Nathalie; Karch, André; Kurtzke, John; Lavados, Pablo; Logroscino, Giancarlo; Nagel, Gabriele; Preux, Pierre-Marie; Rothwell, Peter; Svenson, LawrenceBACKGROUND: Incidence and prevalence studies of neurological disorders play an extremely important role in hypothesis-generation, assessing the burden of disease and planning of health services. However, the assessment of disease estimates is hindered by the poor quality of reporting for such studies. We developed the Standards of Reporting of Neurological Disorders (STROND) guideline in order to improve the quality of reporting of neurological disorders from which prevalence, incidence, and outcomes can be extracted for greater generalisability. METHODS: The guideline was developed using a 3-round Delphi technique in order to identify the 'basic minimum items' important for reporting, as well as some additional 'ideal reporting items.' An e-consultation process was then used in order to gauge opinion by external neuroepidemiological experts on the appropriateness of the items included in the checklist. FINDINGS: The resultant 15 items checklist and accompanying recommendations were developed using a similar process and structured in a similar manner to the Strengthening of the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist for ease of use. This paper presents the STROND checklist with an explanation and elaboration for each item, as well as examples of good reporting from the neuroepidemiological literature. CONCLUSIONS: The introduction and use of the STROND checklist should lead to more consistent, transparent and contextualised reporting of descriptive neuroepidemiological studies that should facilitate international comparisons, and lead to more accessible information for multiple stakeholders, ultimately supporting better healthcare decisions for neurological disorders.Item Fighting Against Stroke in Latin America: A Joint Effort of Medical Professional Societies and Governments(2021) Ouriques Martins, Sheila Cristina; Lavados, Pablo; Secchi, Thaís Leite; Brainin, Michael; Ameriso, Sebastián; Gongora-Rivera, Fernando; Sacks, Claudio; Cantú-Brito, Carlos; Álvarez Guzmán, Tony Fabián; Pérez-Romero, Germán Enrique; Muñoz Collazos, Mario; Barboza, Miguel A.; Arauz, Antonio; Abanto Argomedo, Carlos; Novarro-Escudero, Nelson; Amorin Costabile, Héctor Ignacio; Crosa, Roberto; Camejo, Claudia; Mernes, Ricardo; Maldonado, Nelson; Mora Cuervo, Daissy Liliana; Pontes Neto, Octávio Marques; Sampaio Silva, Gisele; Carbonera, Leonardo Augusto,; Souza, Ana Claudia; Gomes de Sousa, Eduardo David; Flores, Alan; Melgarejo, Donoban; Santos Carquín, Irving R.; Hoppe, Arnold; Freitas de Carvalho, João José; Mont'Alverne, Francisco; Amaya, Pablo; Bayona, Hernán; Navia, Víctor; Duran, Juan Carlos; Urrutia, Víctor C.; Vianna Araujo, Denizar; Feigin, Valery L.; Nogueira, Raúl G.Introduction: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death in Latin America, a region with countless gaps to be addressed to decrease its burden. In 2018, at the first Latin American Stroke Ministerial Meeting, stroke physician and healthcare manager representatives from 13 countries signed the Declaration of Gramado with the priorities to improve the region, with the commitment to implement all evidence-based strategies for stroke care. The second meeting in March 2020 reviewed the achievements in 2 years and discussed new objectives. This paper will review the 2-year advances and future plans of the Latin American alliance for stroke. Method: In March 2020, a survey based on the Declaration of Gramado items was sent to the neurologists participants of the Stroke Ministerial Meetings. The results were confirmed with representatives of the Ministries of Health and leaders from the countries at the second Latin American Stroke Ministerial Meeting. Results: In 2 years, public stroke awareness initiatives increased from 25 to 75% of countries. All countries have started programs to encourage physical activity, and there has been an increase in the number of countries that implement, at least partially, strategies to identify and treat hypertension, diabetes, and lifestyle risk factors. Programs to identify and treat dyslipidemia and atrial fibrillation still remained poor. The number of stroke centers increased from 322 to 448, all of them providing intravenous thrombolysis, with an increase in countries with stroke units. All countries have mechanical thrombectomy, but mostly restricted to a few private hospitals. Pre-hospital organization remains limited. The utilization of telemedicine has increased but is restricted to a few hospitals and is not widely available throughout the country. Patients have late, if any, access to rehabilitation after hospital discharge. Conclusion: The initiative to collaborate, exchange experiences, and unite societies and governments to improve stroke care in Latin America has yielded good results. Important advances have been made in the region in terms of increasing the number of acute stroke care services, implementing reperfusion treatments and creating programs for the detection and treatment of risk factors. We hope that this approach can reduce inequalities in stroke care in Latin America and serves as a model for other under-resourced environments.Item Update on the Global Burden of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke in 1990-2013: The GBD 2013 Study(2015) Feigin, Valery L; Krishnamurthi, Rita V; Parmar, Priya; Norrving, Bo; Mensah, George A; Bennett, Derrick A; Barker-Collo, Suzanne; Moran, Andrew E; Sacco, Ralph L; Truelsen, Thomas; Davis, Stephen; Durai Pandian, Jeyaraj; Naghavi, Mohsen; Forouzanfar, Mohammad H; Nguyen, Grant; Johnson, Catherine O; Vos, Theo; Meretoja, Atte; Murray, Christopher J L; Roth, Gregory A; Ferede Abera, Semaw; Olusola Akinyemi, Rufus; Al-Shahi Salman, Rustam; Anderson, Craig S; Bahit, María Cecilia; Banerjeesela, Amitava; Basu, Sanjay; Beauchamp, Norman J; Bornstein, Natan; Brainin, Michael; Cabral, Norberto Luiz; Campos-Nonato, Ismael; Caso, Valeria; Catalá-López, Ferrán; Chowdhury, Rajiv; Christensen, Hanne K; Connor, Myles D; DeVeber, Gabrielle; Dharmaratne, Samath D; Dokova, Klara; Donnan, Geoffrey; Endres, Matthias; Gomes Fernandes, Jefferson; Gankpé, Fortuné; Geleijnse, Johanna M; Gillum, Richard F; Giroud, Maurice; Hamadeh, Randah R; Hankey, Graeme J; Jeemon, Panniyammakal; Jonas, Jost B; Kazi, Dhruv S; Kengne, Andre Pascal; Kim, Daniel; Kissela, Brett M; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Kosen, Soewarta; Kravchenko, Michael; Lavados, PabloBackground: Global stroke epidemiology is changing rapidly. Although age-standardized rates of stroke mortality have decreased worldwide in the past 2 decades, the absolute numbers of people who have a stroke every year, and live with the consequences of stroke or die from their stroke, are increasing. Regular updates on the current level of stroke burden are important for advancing our knowledge on stroke epidemiology and facilitate organization and planning of evidence-based stroke care. Objectives: This study aims to estimate incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years lived with disability (YLDs) and their trends for ischemic stroke (IS) and hemorrhagic stroke (HS) for 188 countries from 1990 to 2013. Methodology: Stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality, DALYs and YLDs were estimated using all available data on mortality and stroke incidence, prevalence and excess mortality. Statistical models and country-level covariate data were employed, and all rates were age-standardized to a global population. All estimates were produced with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Results: In 2013, there were globally almost 25.7 million stroke survivors (71% with IS), 6.5 million deaths from stroke (51% died from IS), 113 million DALYs due to stroke (58% due to IS) and 10.3 million new strokes (67% IS). Over the 1990-2013 period, there was a significant increase in the absolute number of DALYs due to IS, and of deaths from IS and HS, survivors and incident events for both IS and HS. The preponderance of the burden of stroke continued to reside in developing countries, comprising 75.2% of deaths from stroke and 81.0% of stroke-related DALYs. Globally, the proportional contribution of stroke-related DALYs and deaths due to stroke compared to all diseases increased from 1990 (3.54% (95% UI 3.11-4.00) and 9.66% (95% UI 8.47-10.70), respectively) to 2013 (4.62% (95% UI 4.01-5.30) and 11.75% (95% UI 10.45-13.31), respectively), but there was a diverging trend in developed and developing countries with a significant increase in DALYs and deaths in developing countries, and no measurable change in the proportional contribution of DALYs and deaths from stroke in developed countries. Conclusion: Global stroke burden continues to increase globally. More efficient stroke prevention and management strategies are urgently needed to halt and eventually reverse the stroke pandemic, while universal access to organized stroke services should be a priority. © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.