Artículos Diseño
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Publication Production of Graphite Nanoplatelets via Functionalized Polyketone-Assisted Diels–Alder Chemistry: Evidence of Reduced Layer Thickness and Enhanced Exfoliation Efficiency(Polymers, 2025) Cisternas, Ricardo; Orellana, Jaime; Silva, Nataly; Correa-Puerta, Jonathan; Pucci, Andrea; Bose, Ranjita K.; Picchioni, Francesco; Araya-Hermosilla, Esteban; Araya-Hermosilla, RodrigoThis study introduces an efficient and scalable method for the top-down exfoliation of graphite into graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) using polyketones (PKs) functionalized with Diels–Alder (DA) active groups. Leveraging the reversible covalent interactions facilitated by furan and thiophene moieties in PK, combined with melt-mixing and shear force, this process achieves significant exfoliation while preserving the structural integrity of the resulting material. Thermal and rheological analyses demonstrate enhanced interfacial adhesion and stability within polymer composites attributed to the DA-driven interactions between functionalized PK and graphite. Comparative evaluations demonstrate that furan-functionalized PK exhibits superior exfoliation efficiency, highlighting its potential for producing high-quality exfoliated graphite suitable for advanced nanocomposite applications that require enhanced thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties. This method seamlessly integrates sustainability with industrial scalability, offering significant advancements in developing GNP-based materialsPublication Enhanced hydrogen generation through electrodeposited non-precious metal Zn/Cu-BTC metal-organic frameworks on indium tin oxide(2025) Castro-Castillo. Carmen; Espinoza-González, Rodrigo; Jofré-Ulloa, Pedro P,; Luis-Sunga, Maximina; Silva, Nataly; Suazo-Hernández, Jonathan; Soler, Mónica; Isaacs, Mauricio; García, GonzaloThe production of high-purity hydrogen for primary energy generation is a key goal in the renewable energy consumption model. Currently, hydrogen production through electrolysis remains quite expensive, making the development of new non-noble metal catalysts for the cathodes of acidic electrolyzers a promising strategy to lower the costs associated with this technology. In this work, Cu, Zn and Zn/Cu particles in the absence and the presence of 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (BTC) have been synthesized via binder-free electrodeposition onto an indium tin oxide (ITO) surface as electrocatalysts to improve the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic media. Main results highlight the fundamental role of the metal-organic framework (i.e., BTC), combined with the synergistic effect of both metal elements (i.e., Zn and Cu), in creating a uniform deposition of small crystalline particles on the ITO surface. Consequently, a low-cost and robust electrocatalyst (Zn/Cu-BTC/ITO) with enhanced catalytic performance toward the HER was synthesized. Finally, this work emphasizes how electrochemically modified surfaces, created using low-cost metals and straightforward sustainable synthesis methods, can generate atomically dispersed active sites that enhance both electrocatalytic activity and stability. This approach could contribute to the development of innovative electrodes, improving performance while reducing the cost of electrolyzers.Publication Copper-Modified Cellulose Paper: A Comparative Study of How Antimicrobial Activity Is Affected by Particle Size and Testing Standards(2025) Ramírez, Sara; Zúñiga, Fabián; Amenábar, Alejandra; Contreras, Paulina; Benavides, Viviana; Norambuena, Javiera; Martínez, Jessica; Silva, NatalyThis study aims to provide evidence that when testing cellulose paper modified with copper particles (CuPs), the particle size and the analysis method influence the antimicrobial activity observed by this material. Commercial CuPs of nanometric size (2.7 nm, CuNPs) and micrometric size (2.5 μm, CuMPs) were used to modify cellulose paper sheets. CuPs were incorporated during the pulp disintegration phase (stage 1) of the sheet formation process, according to the ISO 5269-1:2005 standard. Modified paper sheets retained 16% and 14% of CuNPs and CuMPs, respectively. Additionally, CuPs were distributed randomly on the fiber surfaces, often forming aggregates. Finally, the antimicrobial activity of the modified paper sheets was evaluated using ISO 20645:2004 and ISO 20743:2013. The results showed that the antimicrobial activity assessed using each standard method is conditioned by the mechanism of action of the CuPs and, therefore, by their size. It was concluded that ISO 20645:2004 is suitable for evaluating the antibacterial effect of paper/CuNPs, as nanoparticles diffuse from the paper and are released into the culture medium. In contrast, ISO 20743:2013 can be used for both CuNP- and CuMP-based paper, as it evaluates the antibacterial effect based on the direct interaction between the copper particle and the bacteriaPublication Upcycling Salmon Skin Waste: Sustainable Bio-Sequins and Guanine Crystals for Eco-Friendly Textile Accessories(2024) Clavel, Valentina; Salazar Sandoval, Sebastián Andrés; Silva, Nataly; Araya-Hermosilla, Rodrigo; Amenábar, Alejandra; Contreras, PaulinaThe significant environmental impact from fashion and textile industries has spurred interest in sustainable alternatives, especially for accessories like sequins and beads, whose usage has surged post-pandemic. This study explores the potential of utilizing salmon industry waste from Chile to produce bio-sequins (BS) and guanine crystals (GC) from salmon skin. The production of BS offers a strategy to reduce reliance on non-renewable resources and support sustainable waste management, as these materials decompose naturally without harmful residues. Physicochemical and mechanical characterization of the BS by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), evaluated their feasibility for textile, design, and fashion applications. Additionally, GC were extracted from salmon scales using less hazardous solvents such as acetone, ethanol, and acetic acid, and subsequently immobilized on the BS for decorative purposes. Notably, tensile mechanical properties of the BS improved up to 75% after guanine decoration and exposure to simulated environmental factors like UV radiation. This work addresses the dual challenge of pollution and resource depletion, demonstrating that BS from salmon skin offer an eco-friendly alternative. It underscores the importance of adopting sustainable practices throughout the fashion industry’s production chainPublication Synthesis of dumbbell-like heteronanostructures encapsulated in ferritin protein: Towards multifunctional protein based opto-magnetic nanomaterials for biomedical theranostic(2025) Moglia, Italo; Santiago, Margarita; Arellano, Andreas; Salazar Sandoval, Sebastián Andrés; Olivera-Nappa, Alvaro; Kogan, Marcelo J.; Soler, MónicaDumbbell-like hetero nanostructures based on gold and iron oxides is a promising material for biomedical applications, useful as versatile theranostic agents due the synergistic effect of their optical and magnetic properties. However, achieving precise control on their morphology, size dispersion, colloidal stability, biocompatibility and cell targeting remains as a current challenge. In this study, we address this challenge by employing biomimetic routes, using ferritin protein nanocages as template for these nanoparticles’ synthesis. We present the development of an opto-magnetic nanostructures using the ferritin protein, wherein gold and iron oxide nanostructures were produced within its cavity. Initially, we investigated the synthesis of gold nanostructures within the protein, generating clusters and plasmonic nanoparticles. Subsequently, we optimized the conditions for the superparamagnetic nanoparticles synthesis through controlled iron oxidation, thereby enhancing the magnetic properties of the resulting system. Finally, we produce magnetic nanoparticles in the protein with gold clusters, achieving the coexistence of both nanostructures within a single protein molecule, a novel material unprecedented to date. We observed that factors such as temperature, metal/protein ratios, pH, dialysis, and purification processes all have an impact on protein recovery, loading efficiency, morphology, and nanoparticle size. Our findings highlight the development of ferritin-based nanomaterials as versatile platforms for potential biomedical use as multifunctional theranostic agents.Publication Advances in the Sustainable Development of Biobased Materials Using Plant and Animal Waste as Raw Materials: A Review(2024) Salazar Sandoval, Sebastián Andrés; Amenábar, Alejandra; Toledo, Ignacio; Silva, Nataly; Contreras, PaulinaThere is substantial concern about critical environmental problems related to waste in production sectors such as textile, construction, and packaging. The materials ascribed to the sector’s unsustainability are primarily fabrics, plastic, and hazardous solvents, making developing new biobased materials imperative. As such, various strategies have been investigated to convert and recycle waste and give them commercial value via the manufacture of biobased materials. This review discusses the various types of raw materials as sources to develop new biobased materials that could promote the transition toward sustainability. According to the literature, the functional qualities of biobased materials are comparable to those of synthetic materials. Raw material sources such as biomass, derived from plant and animal-based waste, are attractive due to their low cost, abundance, and biodegradability. The manufacture of biomaterials, as well as their characterization and performance, are also discussed. Further, this review will offer a comprehensive view of the potential applicability and current commercial applications of the developed biobased materials in relevant areas such as packaging, construction, textile, and wastewater remediation. This could be a potential field of research to address the environmental challenges posed by the continuous growth of the global population.Publication New paths in small manufacturing: how is digital transformation shaping collaboration between designers and craftspeople?(2023) Gerea, Carmen; Herskovic, Valeria; Rodríguez, María Fernanda; Cajamarca, Gabriela; Gajardo, RodrigoCollaboration between designers and craftspeople, or designers and small manufacturers, is a strategy aiming to revive the local manufacturing industry in countries impacted by post-industrial economic challenges. In this paper we examine a local initiative—a community of practice (CoP) composed of designers and craftspeople—by studying how they have used technology to collaborate, in order to identify opportunities for long-term growth of this community. To gain a deep understanding of the dynamics in the community, the collaboration process during the workshop and after it, we used a three-phase qualitative research strategy. We conducted interviews with the participants and staff, analyzed an 11-month period of communications in the WhatsApp group and, finally, conducted a co-design session. We identify opportunities and challenges related to the design and implementation of a personalized collaborative system that fulfills the needs of the users as individuals and community members.Publication β-Cyclodextrin nanosponges inclusion compounds associated with silver nanoparticles to increase the antimicrobial activity of quercetin(2023) Salazar Sandoval, Sebastián; Bruna, Tamara; Maldonado-Bravo, Francisca; Bolaños, Karen; Adasme-Reyes, Sofía; Riveros, Ana; Caro, Nelson; Yutronic, Nicolás; Silva, Nataly; Kogan, Marcelo J.; Jara, PaulThis work aimed to synthesize and characterize a nanocarrier that consisted of a ternary system, namely β-cyclodextrin-based nanosponge (NS) inclusion compounds (ICs) associated with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to increase the antimicrobial activity of quercetin (QRC). The nanosystem was developed to overcome the therapeutical limitations of QRC. The host–guest interaction between NSs and QRC was confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE–SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H–NMR). Moreover, the association of AgNPs with the NS–QRC was characterized using FE–SEM, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), ζ-potential, and UV–Vis. Finally, the antimicrobial activity of the novel formulations was tested, which depicted that the complexation of QRC inside the supramolecular interstices of NSs increases the inhibitory effects against Escherichia coli ATCC25922, as compared to that observed in the free QRC. In addition, at the same concentrations used to generate an antibacterial effect, the NS–QRC system with AgNPs does not affect the metabolic activity of GES–1 cells. Therefore, these results suggest that the use of NSs associated with AgNPs resulted in an efficient strategy to improve the physicochemical features of QRC.Publication Visual styles, hidden discourses : an exploratory case study of a Chilean education university(2023) Bravo, Úrsula; Marini, GuillermoThis article reports the findings of a study aimed at exploring the visual discourses at a Chilean education university. First, building on the classic ‘hidden curriculum’ and ‘school art style’ literature, it justifies the need to discuss how higher education institutions model the ways through which teachers-to-be com-prehend and use visual resources. Second, the article presents the results of a critical visual methodology performed in the oldest education university in Chile. Through a visual discourse analysis of the experience of walking around the campus, it elaborates on the university’s visual styles comprising the themes, technologies and locations of artefacts. Third, it discusses the relationships between courtyard and hallway images loaded with critical motivations and classroom images portraying stereotyped and anachronistic views of childhood. The article concludes by urging to incorporate quality visual pedagogy orientations in teacher education.Publication Synthesis and characterization of magnetite/gold core shell nanoparticles stabilized with a -cyclodextrin nanosponge to develop a magneto-plasmonic system(2023) Salazar Sandoval, Sebastián; Santibáñez, Daniel; Riveros, Ana; Araneda, Fabián; Bruna, Tamara; Silva, Nataly; Yutronic, Nicolás; Kogan, Marcelo J.; Jara, PaulMagnetite/gold core-shell nanoparticles (magnetite/gold NPs) have important optical and magnetic properties that provide potential for applications, especially biomedical ones. However, their preparation is not exempt from difficulties that might lead to unexpected or undesired structures. This work reports the synthesis and characterization of magnetite/gold NPs using tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) to promote the formation of a continuous interface between the magnetite core and the thin gold shell. The synthesized magnetite/gold NPs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), ζ-potential, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), UV-Visible spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS), confirming the core-shell structure of the NPs with narrow size distribution while evidencing its plasmonic and superparamagnetic properties as well. Further, the magnetite/gold NPs were associated and stabilized with a β-cyclodextrin nanosponge (β-CDNSs), obtaining a versatile magneto-plasmonic system for potential applications in the encapsulation and controlled release of drugs.Publication Proyecto TID: Transferencia - Innovación - Diseño para la Diversificación Productiva Exportadora de la Región del Biobío, Chile(2022) Contreras, Paulina; Díaz G., HernánBiobío es una de las regiones más importantes de Chile a nivel productivo. Fuente de recursos forestales, agropecuarios y pesqueros, polo de desarrollo industrial, de formación de capital humano e investigación, es una de las zonas con mayor proyección de crecimiento y descentralización. En este contexto, el Comité de Desarrollo Productivo Regional tiene como objetivo incrementar la capacidad innovadora y la competitividad del tejido empresarial, en especial de sus pequeñas y medianas empresas. Es aquí donde el diseño posee un espacio que no se ha formalizado como tal. La Facultad de Diseño de la Universidad del Desarrollo ha tenido como misión, desde sus comienzos, impulsar la realización de proyectos académicos que posibiliten a sus estudiantes estar en contacto directo con el emprendimiento y los procesos de desarrollo económico. Gracias a la adjudicación del Fondo de Innovación para la Competitividad Gobierno Regional del Biobío, al apoyo del Instituto de Innovación Interdisciplinaria iCubo UDD y ProChile Regional, a partir de 2014, nace el proyecto TID, el cual permitió fortalecer dicho vínculo y profundizar el trabajo colaborativo entre la universidad y el sector productivo. TID se planteó en su inicio como una experiencia piloto para fomentar la transferencia tecnológica entre academia y empresa local, a través de la disciplina del diseño. Su propósito fue contribuir a la visibilización de oportunidades para instalar el diseño como pieza clave en el engranaje de generación de innovación a nivel regional, aportando al cambio de malla curricular; a la formación de capital humano de diseñadores entrenados en innovación; a la implementación de infraestructura y tecnologías; a la ejecución de un programa piloto de transferencia de diseño a 12 empresas regionales; y a la implementación de diversas acciones de difusión del diseño a nivel regional y nacional como un catalizador de competitividad tanto en economías desarrolladas como emergentes. La participación de representantes regionales de instituciones académicas, gobierno, asociaciones gremiales y empresarios, y la transferencia de diseño a empresas, nos entregaron la oportunidad de contrastar visiones para un mejor entendimiento de la realidad de esta disciplina. Pero no solo eso, también nos dieron la posibilidad de obtener valiosos aprendizajes, que son la base para la propuesta de desafíos y responsabilidades a coordinar entre la triada Estado-Academia -Empresa (también denominada triple hélice), para incorporar al diseño en la Estrategia Regional de Innovación. Dicha experiencia piloto fue el punto de partida para la formulación del proyecto TID UDD 2019-2021 “Programa TID Transferencia Innovación Diseño 2019-2021. Articulación Estado-Academia-Empresa para la diversificación productiva con base tecnológica y sustentable, de bienes y servicios exportables para empresas de la Región del Biobío” el Fecha de recepción: septiembre 2019 Fecha de aceptación: noviembre 2019 Versión final: febrero 2020Cuaderno 103 | Centro de Estudios en Diseño y Comunicación (2020/2021). pp 251-262 ISSN 1668-0227252 P. Contreras Correa y H. Díaz GálvezProyecto TID (...) cual ha sido financiado nuevamente por el Fondo de Innovación para la Competitividad de la Región del Bío Bío (FIC-R) 2018. A través de este proyecto, se consolidará el programa TID y su inserción en la Estrategia Regional de Desarrollo del Biobío, buscando impactar en la investigación y desarrollo para la diversificación de bienes y servicios exportables, logrando un programa referente desde la región, hacia Chile y el resto del mundo. El programa contempla poner en marcha tres áreas de trabajo: 1. Mesa TID: espacio de articulación, a través de encuentros mensuales de discusión presencial y toma de decisiones del Programa TID, con participación de distintos actores relevantes de la triple hélice a nivel regional. 2. Observatorio TID: espacio de investigación, diagnóstico y monitoreo de empresas de los distintos sectores productivos de la Región del Biobío, que se implementará en colaboración nacional con GEM Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Chile e internacional con el Institute for Design Innovation, London. 3. Laboratorio TID: espacio de investigación y desarrollo tecnológico que buscará incrementar la creación de valor de nuevos productos y servicios sustentables para empresas de base productiva de la Región del Biobío, a través de la articulación colaborativa con la triple hélice, con el apoyo del Área de Exploración Tecnológica UDD, y la Subdirección de Transferencia Tecnológica iCono UDD. Además, se contempla la realización de eventos, exposiciones y seminarios abiertos a toda la comunidad empresarial, académica y de fomento productivo de la región.Publication El Taller Integrado de Diseño como espacio de aprendizaje y simulador de vuelo(2022) Zorzano, Osvaldo¿Cómo y en qué momento dar sentido de la realidad a un estudiante de Diseño? ¿En qué espacios se pueden poner en práctica en contextos reales los conocimientos y competencias adquiridas por un estudiante ? ¿Qué procesos y herramientas pedagógicas utilizar para que el estudiante ejerza la autonomía que necesitará para enfrentar un Proyecto de Título? Estas preguntas rondan en la cabeza de muchos académicos y docentes y son parte de las discusiones que se dan dentro de las unidades académicas cuando se discute el sentido y propósito de formar diseñadores (o deberían serlo). Un Taller de Diseño es siempre un espacio de aprendizaje donde convergen tradiciones y modelos históricos de “cómo debe transmitirse el conocimiento a la hora de formar colegas” versus “cómo innovar permanentemente e integrar las nuevas herramientas y lenguajes” que permiten estar a tono con el contexto en que estos jóvenes colegas ejercerán la profesión. Este desafío se vuelve más rudo cuando se trata del taller que “puentea” el cierre del pregrado con la etapa de titulación. El presente artículo es un registro muy resumido de la experiencia de Taller Integrado de Diseño en el octavo semestre de la carrera de Diseño en la Universidad del Desarrollo.Publication A cien años de la Bauhaus : conexiones, ideales y materialización de un proyecto utópico(2022) Frindt Garretón,María ValeriaEn el presente artículo se exponen algunas ideas resultantes de las reflexiones en torno a la Bauhaus en cursos de Historia del Diseño realizados durante los últimos años. El diseño, como disciplina, es relativamente nuevo, propio del contexto Moderno posterior a la Revolución Industrial. En su corta trayectoria ha permitido que muchas personas mejoren su calidad de vida, gracias a innovaciones que ha incorporado y a la masificación de objetos bien hechos. A pesar de que muchos la ven como una profesión vanidosa, sus orígenes permitieron nuestra subsistencia y, actualmente, una vez cubiertas las necesidades básicas, se ha convertido en una potente herramienta de desarrollo social.Item Review on Generation and Characterization of Copper Particles and Copper Composites Prepared by Mechanical Milling on a Lab-Scale(2023) Salazar Sandoval, Sebastián; Silva, NatalyThis review aims to expose mechanical milling as an alternative method for generating copper-based particles (copper particles (CuP) and copper composites (CuC)); more specifically, via a top-down or bottom-up approach, on a lab-scale. This work will also highlight the different parameters that can affect the size distribution, the type, and the morphology of the obtained CuP or CuC, such as the type of mechanical mill, ball-to-powder ratios (BPR), the milling speed, milling time, and the milling environment, among others. This review analyzes various papers based on the Cu-based particle generation route, which begins with a pretreatment step, then mechanical milling, its approach (top-down or bottom-up), and the post-treatment. Finally, the characterization methods of the resulting CuP and CuC through mechanical milling are also discussed.Item Design of an eOSCE for the Chilean Healthcare Context(2022) Zamorano, Francisco; Reyes, Mauricio; Espinoza, Germán; Reyes, Edison-PabloObjective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is the standard to assess and train clinical skills in healthcare students. However, conducting an OSCE demands expensive resources such as time, qualified personnel, and adequate facilities. The aim to provide more cost-effective examinations has promoted the emergence of electronic versions of OSCEs (eOSCEs). However, existing eOSCEs available in the market do not adequately adapt to diverse local contexts. For a Spanish-speaking country such as Chile, implementing foreign eOSCEs requires to adjust the examination to unfamiliar terminology, archetypes, and procedures, thus hindering the quality of the assessment. This article reports on the design of Ch-eOSCE, an eOSCE tailored for the Chilean local context and culture. Ch-eOSCE is comprised of a mobile application and a back-end system. A prototype of the application was developed and tested with three healthcare experts to gather their perception of usability and coherence, yielding an overall evaluation of 4.5 in a scale range of 5. The preliminary results reveal that Ch-eOSCE has the potential to become a viable solution for a context-specific eOSCE for the Chilean healthcare context.Item ¿De quién es la diplomacia pública? El rol del Departamento Autónomo de Prensa y Publicidad (DAPP) en la propaganda exterior cardenista(2018) Dümmer Scheel, SylviaEl artículo explora el rol que tuvo el Departamento Autónomo de Prensa y Publicidad (1937-1939) sobre la diplomacia pública de México. Su creación interrumpió la labor que realizaba tradicionalmente la Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores, obligando a redefinir qué organismo era responsable de la propaganda exterior de la nación: ¿aquél que se encargaba de las comunicaciones del gobierno, o la dependencia responsable de las relacionas internacionales del país? Se profundiza en el desafío que representó para el dapp considerar la mediación cultural que requiere la diplomacia pública, y en los esfuerzos de la sre por mantener cierto control sobre dicha laborItem Embodiment and fashionable colours in rock paintings of the Atacama Desert, Northern Chile(2022) Cabello, Gloria; Sepúlveda, Marcela; Brancoli, BernarditaRed, white and black are colours commonly found in rock paintings around the globe. In northern Chile’s Atacama Desert, visual representations produced between 2000 BC and 1550 CE also include yellow, orange, violet, blue and green. This polychrome usage is particularly notable in the dress of anthropomorphs and is characterised by extreme attention to detail and the use of an exclusive set of raw materials. These unique aspects enable us to discuss the value and meaning of colour in past societies throughout different periods of the local sequence, beyond its consideration as a stylistic indicator.Item Building a Community Through Service Design and Responsiveness to Emotions(2021) Soto, Mariluz; Mollenhauer, Katherine; Miettinen, Satu; Sarantou, MelanieThis chapter focuses on decolonising practices in service design in a quality certification project carried out for a Master of Design programme in Chile. The process resulted in a change of perspective, from that of a strict and formal quality certification process of a postgraduate programme, which is a requirement in the Chilean education system, to one that involved the co-definition and co-creation of a community. Measures of improvement of the programme were explored by integrating sensitive and fundamental emotions identified by the students, graduates and teachers of the programme. The research methods for data collection included workshops, surveys and collecting testimonials. Significant findings illuminated the role of the service designer/facilitator as the promoter of dialogue and creator of an optimal atmosphere for co-creation, and how decolonising approaches in service design through a continuous process of reflection on achievements and emotional and behavioural processes strengthened a sense of belonging and collaboration throughout the process.Item The flow of emotions in co-creation(2021) Soto, Mariluz; Beaulé, Caoimhe Isha; Miettinen, SatuCo-creation is a broadly used practise among service designers, as a workshop is an effective way to build new solutions or improvements together. The focus of this article is on the emotions arising before and during the co-creation workshop and a reflection on what influences them. The first purpose of this article is to deepen the understanding of emotions that emerge in the co-creation workshops that are commonly encountered by the different participants. The second purpose is to determine if there are other factors that influence the experience of co-creation. In this article, emotions are considered a human response—consciously or unconsciously—that connects human beings with their surroundings. This connection has an impact on people’s emotions and determines their experience, attitude, behaviours and interactions in the workshop environment.Item Inclusive education driven by design: the case of a graduate seminar course(2021) Bravo, Ursula; Rivera, MaritzaThis case study explores the use of design tools by educators with an aim to answer the question: How can a design-based approach contribute to the development of strategies for inclusive education? Thirty-five educators, who were students from the final year of a master’s degree focusing on inclusive education taught at a Chilean university, participated in the study. The information collected included participant observation and the analysis of the work elaborated by the educators throughout the seminar. Subsequently, we selected the trajectories of three participants, which were analysed by open coding. The results suggest that adopting a design-based focus helped the educators understand pedagogical problems as systems of relationships, frame problems constructively, think visually about possible teaching strategies and develop didactic materials to respond to the special educational needs of their students. These findings are important in the light of inclusive education policies that seek to ensure the regular education system provides learning opportunities for all students, regardless of their physical or intellectual characteristics.