Acellular derivatives of mesenchymal stem cells prevent peritoneal adhesions in an animal model
Date
2018
Type:
Article
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Abstract
Background: Peritoneal adhesions are nonanatomical connections that bind organs to the
abdominal wall or among them. They arise after peritoneal injury, which triggers an inflammatory response followed by a healing process that leads to fibrotic tissue formation. Mesenchymal stem cells and their secretion products, also referred to as acellular derivatives (ACDs), have anti-inflammatory, fibrinolytic, and antifibrogenic properties. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of intraoperative administration of ACD on the appearance, severity, and progression of peritoneal adhesions, in an animal model.
Materials and methods: Cecal erosions were mechanically induced in adult mice. Before
closure, the vehicle, ACD, or Seprafilm was administered. Seven days later, the presence
and grade of peritoneal adhesions were assessed macroscopically. One, 3, and 7 d after
intervention, molecular and cellular markers of inflammation, fibrinolysis, and fibrogenesis were evaluated both locally and systemically.
Results: ACDs avoided the appearance of clinically relevant peritoneal adhesions. The vehicle had no effect, and Seprafilm reduced them inconsistently. The antiadhesive effect
of ACD was associated with an early reduction of proinflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis
factor-alpha and interferon-gamma) secretion and leukocyte (polymorphonuclears, mononuclears, and macrophages) infiltration. High levels of D-dimer, low fibrin deposits, low myofibroblasts infiltration, and less fibrosis were also observed.
Conclusions: ACD administered at the end of abdominal surgeries prevents the formation of peritoneal adhesions due to the modulation of inflammatory, fibrinolytic, and fibrogenic
processes.
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Citation
journal of surgical research; march 2 0 1 8 ( 2 2 3 ) 1 9 8 -2 0 6
Keywords
Peritoneal adhesions, Mesenchymal stem cells, Acellular derivatives, Anti-inflammatory, Fibrinolitic, Antifibrogenic