Insunza, ÁlvaroNovoa, JoséCarrillo, JorgeLatorre, RodrigoRubio, TaniaPaiva, Enrique2022-07-052022-07-052019Insunza-Figueroa, Álvaro, Novoa-Pizarro, José, Carrillo-Termini, Jorge, Latorre-Riquelme, Rodrigo, Rubio-Jara, Tania, & Paiva-Wiff, Enrique. (2019). Betametasona Fosfato para la prevención de Síndrome de Dificultad Respiratoria (SDR) del recién nacido de pretérmino. Revista chilena de obstetricia y ginecología, 84(1), 41-48. https://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-75262019000100041https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-75262019000100041http://hdl.handle.net/11447/6297ABSTRACT: The standard for induction of lung maturity in fetuses at risk of being born prematurely is the administration of 12 mg of betamethasone acetate/phosphate two doses separated by 24 hours. The established use in some public hospitals in Chile is with two doses of 12 mg betamethasone phosphate although there are no studies published with betamethasone phosphate alone on the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Objective: To evaluate the effect of betamethasone in its phosphate form as antenatal treatment for the induction of fetal lung maturity in the incidence of RDS due to hyaline membrane in preterm infants less than 34 weeks of gestational age. To compare the effect of betamethasone phosphate with the published effect of betamethasone acetate/phosphate. Material and method: Analysis of the incidence of RDS in preterm infants born at Hospital Padre Hurtado between 24 + 0 and 34 + 0 weeks who received betamethasone phosphate for lung maturity and those who did not receive it. Results: Of 1,265 infants studied, 722 completed two doses (57.5%); 436 only one dose (34.5%) and 107 (8.5%) did not receive antenatal corticosteroids. The incidence of RDS due to hyaline membrane in the group with two doses was 8.7%, one dose 25.3% and 32.7% in the untreated ones (p <0.001). For severe RDS, incidences were 6.7%, 12.6% and 16.8% respectively (p <0.001). Conclusions: Induction of fetal lung maturity with betamethasone phosphate in two doses of 12 mg IM separated by 24 hours gives a significant reduction in the incidence of RDS similar to that published with betamethasone acetate/phosphate in equal doses.esAntenatal corticosteroidsBetamethasone phosphateHyaline membrane diseaseLung maturationRespiratory distress syndrome of prematurityArticle